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Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,11/7/2009,#,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,元,i:i :u:u ,:,:,e,音 ei ai ,i,i u u au,p t k f s ,t,tr ts,辅 b d g v z ,dr dz,m n,音 wj,r h l,1、音素:音素是英语中最小的语音单位,英语中有48个音素,其中元音20个,辅音28个。,2、音标:是记录音素的符号,用于区别字母,因而需加“”或“/”。,3、48个音标,字母及其组合在单词中的发音,4、音节,)音节按读音可以分为开音节和闭音节,开音节又可以分为绝对开音节和相对开音节,绝对开音节:是指一个元音字母后面没有辅音字母而构成的音节,例如:we,hi,相对开音节:是指一个元音字母后面有一个辅音字母(除r)之外,最后是一个不发音的e构成的音节,如:take,make,在开音节中,这个元音字母发“字母”本身音,例如hi|hai|,use|ju:z|,闭音节:指元音字母后面有辅音字母(辅音字母r除外)构成的音节,如:leg,cross,)音节按重读可以分为重读音节和非重读音节,重读音节:指在双音节或多音节词中有一个发音特别响亮的音节,叫重读音节,用重音符号“”标于相应位置,其他音节为非重读音节,如begin|,i,|,,单音节词作重读处理,但不标重音符号。,元音音素学习 A)元音字母在单词中的读音,字母,读音,说 明,例 词,a,/ei/,在重读开音节中,grade,cake,date,page,safe,face,/e/,在ny前,many,anyone,anything,/,在重读闭音节中,map,fat,sad,back,/,在w或wh后,wash,want,watch,/:/,在s,ss,st前,last,glass,pass,class,basket,/,:/,在w后偶尔发,water,/,ar分开发音,Mary,parent,/,在非重读音节中,asleep,away,among,around,/i/,village,comrade,palace,字母,读音,说 明,例 词,e,/i/,在重读开音节中,she,these,Chinese,/e/,在重读闭音节中,forget,dress,sell,spell,/i/,er分开发音,zero,/,在非重读音节中,open,moment,September,/i/,ticket,begin,behind,cinema,between,i(y),/ai/,在重读开音节中,time,drive,ride,knife,/i/,在重读闭音节中,thin,ship,physics,/i:/,在重读开音节中,police,machine,/,在非重读音节中,April,holiday,beautiful,/i/,office,instead,finish,字母,读音,说 明,例 词,o,/u/,在重读开音节中,hole,phone,smoke,/,/,在重读闭音节中,bottle,knock,song,/,/,在m,n,v,th前,love,son,some,/u/,woman,/u:/,在某些重读开音节中,move,lose,who,/w,/,one,once,/,在非重读音节中,tomorrow,together,/u/,onto,into,u,/ju:/,在重读音节中,student,duty,/,/,在重读闭音节中,nut,duck,luck,/u/,put,pull,push,full,/u:/,在重读开音节中,June,ruler,/i/,在个别单词中,busy,business,/,在非重读音节中,August,B)元音字母组合在单词中的读音,组合,读音,说 明,例 词,ea,/i:/,在重读音节中,cheap,easy,speak,/e/,bread,ready,weather,/i/,idea,real,really,/ei/,great,break,ai,/ei/,在个别重读音节词中,train,rain wait,waiter,/e/,在重读音节中,said,says,/i/,在非重读音节中,mountain,ee,/i:/,在重读音节中,need,green,asleep,ey,/ei/,they,hey,obey,/i:/,在个别重读音节词中,key,/i/,在非重读音节中,monkey,money,eo,/i:/,在重读音节中,people,组合,读音,说 明,例 词,ei,/i:/,在重读音节中,receive,/ei/,在字母组合eigh中,eight,eighteen,weigh,ou,au,在重读音节中,ground,round,around,country,touch,enough,/u:/,在个别重读音节词中,group,/u/,在情态动词中,could,should,would,ue,/u:/,e不发音,blue,/e/,u不发音,guess,oo,/u:/,词尾或词中,soon,food,cool,tooth,u,在k或d前,look,took,good,foot,在l和d之间,blood,oa,u,在重读音节中,coat,goat,boat,oy,i,boy,enjoy,joy,toy,oi,i,toilet,oil,辅音音素学习 A)辅音字母在单词中的读音,字母,读音,例词,字母,读音,例词,b,/b/,bus,p,/p/,map,c,/s/,nice,q,一般不单独发音,/k/,cup,r,/r/,red,d,/d/,day,s,/s/,yes,f,/f/,fly,/z/,please,g,g,gate,sure,orange,usually,h,/h/,he,t,/t/,cat,j,jeep,v,/v/,live,k,/k/,kite,w,/w/,way,l,/l/,late,x,/ks/,next,m,/m/,my,gz,example,n,/n/,nine,y,/j/,year,uncle,z,/z/,zero,重点辅音字母读音讲解:,:n在单词中的读音,n在一般情况下发/n/。如:kind,need,soon等。,n后面为辅音音素/k/,/g/时发/。如think,hungry,uncle等。该规则不包括加前缀un构成的单词。如unclean,:s在单词中的读音,s在单词开头通常读/s/。如:sit,stop等。,s后面的辅音字母发清辅音时读/s/。如:desk,past,question,mistake等。,以s结尾的复数名词,s前的辅音字母发清辅音时,词尾s读/s/。如:clocks,shops等。,ss在单词中读/s/。如pass,lesson等。,s在两个元音音素之间常读/z/。如:music,visit等。,s后面是浊辅音时读/z/.如husband,season等。,加s构成的复数名词及单数第三人称动词形式中,s前面为浊辅音或元音时,s读/z/。如:plays,blows,rulers等。,以su开头的极少数单词中,s常读,如sure,sugar等,s 读,仅限于usually,pleasure等极少数单词。,B)辅音字母组合在单词中的读音,组合,读音,说 明,例 词,ch,t,大部分单词中,lunch,chair,China,/k/,在少数单词中,school,chemistry,在个别单词中,machine,ck,/k/,一般位于词尾,clock,back,black,ng,在词尾,song,bring,seeing,g,在词中,hungry,angry,stronger,sh,在词首、词中或词尾,fishing,finish,wash,ph,/f/,一般在词首,phone,photo,physics,组合,读音,说 明,例 词,wh,/h/,后为o时,who,whose,whole,/w/,后为其它元音字母时,when,which,why,gh,/f/,一般在词尾,laugh,enough,cough,th,在词尾或以th开头的名/动/形容/数词中,thing,think,thick,third,/,在there中及代词、冠词、连词或副词中,another,feather,them,wr,/r/,在词首,write,wrong,writer,kn,/n/,在词首,know,knife,knowledge,tch,t,catch,match,watch,dr,/dr/,一般位于词首,drive,dry,dress,drink,tr,/tr/,一般位于词首,truck,train,trousers,ds,/dz/,一般在词尾,beds,finds,hands,ts,/ts/,一般在词尾,students,lets,boats,元、辅音字母组合在单词中的读音,这类字母组合有两类:一类是一个或两个元音字母与r组合,构成-r音节或-re音节。这是主要的一类元辅音字母组合。另一类是一个元音字母与除r以外的某个辅音字母组合。这类元辅音字母组合数量很少。,组合,读音,说 明,例 词,ar,:,重读音节中,start,March,farther,hardly,:,在w后,warm,war,warn,quarter,非重读音节中,popular,similar,er,:,重读音节中,term,certainly,prefer,非重读音节中,worker,writer,letter,ir,:,重读音节中,shirt,first,third,bird,组合,读音,说 明,例 词,or,非重读音节t中,doctor,visitor,:,在w后,world,worse,worst,:,重读音节中,sport,horse,born,north,ur,:,Thursday,purple,purse,are,care,careful,hare,ear,i,near,hear,clear,dear,:,early,earth,learn,heard,少数词中,tear,pear,bear,:,个别词中,heart,ere,重读音节中,where,there,i,非重读音节中,here,ore,:,重读音节中,before,more,score,ire,ai,tired,hire,fire,eer,i,deer,pioneer,组合,读音,说 明,例 词,our,:,重读音节中,four,fourth,course,au,hour,非重读音节中,colour,oor,/,:/,一般读/,:/,door,floor,/u/,个别词中,poor,al,/,:/,一般读/,:/,walk,talk,tall,small,/,:l/,以al开头的副词,also,always,already,/:/,个别词中,half,ow,/u/,重读或非重读音节中,window,yellow,/au/,一般读/ju:/,few,knew,news,ew,/u:/,不规则动词过去式中,threw,drew,flew,/u/,个别词中,sew(缝纫),tion,/,n/,一般读/,n/,station,dictionary,/t,n/,在s后,question,组合,读音,说 明,例 词,aw,/,:/,重读音节中,draw,law,dge,/,/,只有g发音,bridge,fridge,judge,igh,/ai/,只有i发音,night,bright,fight,ough,/,:/,只有ou发音,bought,brought,thought,augh,/,:/,只有au发音,daughter,taught,caught,ind,/a
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