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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,动词时态,(,Tense,),语法复习,动词,谓语动词,时态,、语态,(be done),虚拟语气,非谓语动词,不定式,(to do),动名词,(doing),分词,现在分词,(doing),过去分词,(done),动词的分类,最常用的几种时态与时间状语的搭配,一般现在,every,sometimes,at,on Sunday,现在进行,now,现在完成,for,since,so far,ever,never,just,yet,till/until,up to now,in the past years,always,recently,一般过去,yesterday,last week,an hour ago,the other day,in 1982,just now,过去进行,this morning,the whole morning,all day,yesterday,from nine to ten last evening when,while,过去完成,before,by,until,when,after,once,as soon as,一般将来,next,tomorrow,in,过去将来,多用在间接引语中表示发生在谓语动作以后的动作,一般现在时,He,is,an engineer.,How,do,you go to school,every day,?,Tom,goes,to school by bike.,The sun,rises,in the east.,The train,leaves,at 9:00 a.m.,The old man,always,carries,an umbrella with him.,谓语动词的形式,:,动词,原形,/,第三人称,单数,have do write study try stay destroy,h,as,do,es,write,s,stud,ies,tr,ies,stay,s,destroy,s,时间状语:,every,sometimes,at,on Sundays,归 纳 总 结,规则,1,:,表示客观事实或普遍真理,(,不受时态限制,),,如:,(1),中的“,move”,。,规则,2,:,表示现状、性质、状态时,多用系动词或状态动词;表示经常或习惯性的动作时,多用动作动词,且常与表频率的时间状语连用,如:,(2),。,规则,3,:,表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或概念的词:,see,hear,smell,taste,feel,notice,agree,believe,like,hate,want,think,belong to,seem,等常用一般现在时,如:,(3),。,归 纳 总 结,规则,4,:,少数用于表示起止动作的瞬间动词,如:,come,go,leave,arrive,fly,return,start,begin,open,close,end,stop,用一般现在时,表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作,如:,(4),。,规则,5,:,在,the morethe more,句型中,前者通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时,如:,(5),。,归 纳 总 结,规则,6,:,在,make sure,see to it,mind,care,matter,后的宾语从句的谓语动词用一般现在时代替一般将来时,如:,(6),。,【,注意,】,在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。但要注意由,if,引导的条件状语从句中可以用,shall,或,will,表“意愿”,但不表示时态。,If,I _(be)free tonight,I,will go,with you.,Whenever he _(play)basketball,he will forget everything.,在时间和条件状语从句中,如,when,if,before,until,as soon as,等引导的状语从句中,,主句用,一般将来时,,,从句用,一般现在时,I _(come)to help you if I,am,free this afternoon.,am,plays,will come,1,.,天黑了,孩子们才会回家的。,2,我发出信号时,就把灯关了。,3,他一回来,我就会告诉他的。,4,车停之前,不要下车。,The children wont come home,until,it,is,dark,.,When,I give the signal,turn off,the light.,As soon as,he,come,s,back,I will tell him.,Dont get off the bus,before,it,stop,s,.,一般过去时,He,was born,in Beijing,on October 1,1949.,Last week,we,carried,out a survey on taking a nap after lunch.,Women,couldnt go,to school,in the past.,在,虚拟语气,中,用,一般过去时,表示,现在,或,将来,的动作。,If I,had,time,I would go with you.,He looks as if he,were,ill.,I wish I,knew,the answer.,If only I,were,ten years younger.,规则,1,:,一般过去时,表示过去的事情、动作或状态,常与表示过去具体的时间状语连用,(,或有上下文语境暗示,),;如,(1),中的,met,。用于表达过去的习惯,表示说话人原来没有料到、想到或希望的事,如:,(1),。,规则,2,:,如果从句中有一个过去的时间状语,尽管从句中的动作先于主句发生,但从句中的谓语动词仍用过去式,如:,(2),。,归 纳 总 结,一般过去时,谓语动词的形式,:,动词的过去式,(,规则动词,/,不规则动词,),look admit equip smile stay,look,ed,admit,ted,equip,ped,smile,d,sta,yed,destroy cry hurry go take hit,destroy,ed,cr,ied,hurr,ied,went took hit,请找出下列句子的错误,.,1.A shark,ate,his children and leave only one.So the father love his only son very much.,2.,Molin,fighted,against three sharks.,3.,Molin,swam,as quickly as he can.,4.An idea suddenly,ocured,to me.,5.,Molin,was,very sad when he,thinked,his child was died.,6.The turtles,could,lived more than 100 years.,left,loved,fought,could,occurred,thought,live,was dead,一般将来时,谓语动词的形式,:,will/shall +,动词原形,am/is/are going to+,动词原形,am/is/are +to do,be about to do,时间状语,:,tomorrow ,next week ,in two days,归 纳 总 结,规则,1,:,表示未来的动作或状态,常与表示将来的时间状语连用,如,tomorrow,,,next week,等。,规则,2,:,表示一种趋向或习惯动作。如:,(1),。,规则,3,:,表示趋向行为的动词,如:,come,,,go,,,start,,,begin,,,leave,等,常用进行时的形式表示将来时,如:,(2),。,【,注意,】,be going to,与,will,shall,be to do,be about to do,用法及区别:,(1)shall/will do,表示未事先考虑过,即说话时临时作出的决定,如:,(3),。,归 纳 总 结,(2),在祈使句,and/or,陈述句句型中,陈述句中只能用,will/,情态动词动词原形,如:,(4),。,(3)be going to,表示现在打算最近或将来要做某事,这种打算往往经过事先考虑,甚至已做了某种准备;,be going to,不能用在条件状语从句的主句中;而,will,则能,表意愿。,be going to,还表示有迹象表明即将发生的动作或状态。,If it is fine,well go fishing.(),If it is fine,we are going to go fishing.(),归 纳 总 结,The dark clouds are gathering.Theres going to be a storm.,(4)be to do,sth,.,表按计划、安排即将发生的动作,还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止、可能性等,如:,(5),。,(5)be about to do,sth,.,表示“即将,就要”,在时间上指最近的将来,后面不能接时间状语。,我打算周末去看望王老师。,I,will visit,Mr.Wang,this weekend.,I,am going to visit,Mr.Wang,this weekend.,I,am to visit,Mr.Wang,this weekend.,I,am about to visit,Mr.Wang,this weekend,.,我正要离开,突然电话铃响了。,I,was about to,leave,when,the telephone rang.,be about to do,表示即将发生的动作,是最近的将来时。不与具体时间词连用,但可与,when,引导的时间状语从句连用。,固定句型:,be about to dowhen,进行时:,be +,现在分词,(doing),现在进行时:,am/is/are doing,过去进行时:,was/were doing,将来进行时:,will be doing,现在分词的构成:,going,standing,taking,writing,sitting,beginning,permitting,go,stand,take,write,sit,begin,permit,1,、直接加,-,ing,2,、去,e,加,-,ing,3,、元音,+,辅音,双写辅音,加,-,ing,归 纳 总 结,规则,1,:,现在进行时表示说话时正在发生着的一个动作或表示现阶段或近期某特定的安排或计划,.,规则,2,:,与,always,often,等频度副词连用,表经常反复的行动或某种感情色彩,如:,(2),。,【,注意,】,一般情况下,下面,4,类动词不宜用现在进行时:,归 纳 总 结,(1),表示心理状态、情感的动作:,like,love,hate,care,remember,believe,want,mind,wish,agree,mean,need,。,(2),表存在的状态的动词:,appear,exist,lie,remain,seem,belong to,depend on,。,(3),表示瞬时性动作的动词:,allow,accept,permit,promise,admit,complete,。,(4),表示感官的动词:,see,hear,notice,feel,smell,sound,taste,look,。,归 纳 总 结,过去进行时,规则,1,:,过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或某一阶段内发生或频繁发生,如:,(1),。,规则,2,:,某一动作发生时另一动
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