资源描述
单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit Seven,The Joy of Travel,Unit Seven,Task 1:,Reasons for travel & means,of transportation,Task 2:,Landscapes,Task 3:,Traveling experience,Task 4:,Tour guide,In-Class Reading,Transformative Travel,Work in groups to,answer the following questions.,The writer felt the future appeared as much like a wasteland as the empty past he had experienced.,How did the writer feel about his future?,Sample,He hated the job he was doing and he didnt love the woman to whom he was engaged. (His job and his engagement.),What were the two things with which he was not satisfied in his life?,Sample,The writer took a class which happened to be an introductory counseling course involving personal sharing in the group. They were challenged to make commitments about changes they would make in their lives, and out of pure impulse, the writer decided to quit his job and end his engagement.,What made him quit his job and end his engagement?,Sample,Two things that I was dissatisfied with,(Para. 1-3),My job & My engagement,Purpose of my trip,(Para. 4-6),To transform myself,Process for change,(Para. 7-14),I created a mindset that made me ready for change.,I insulated myself from the usual influences,in my life and the people whose approval was most important.,I structured my time in order to produce,change and growth.,I pushed myself to experiment with new ways,of being.,I made public commitments of what I,intended to do, so it would be harder to back down.,F. I processed my experiences systematically.,G. I made changes when I returned that continued the transformation that started while I was in Aruba.,Conclusion,(Para. 15),I would continue going on transformative trips,to keep my growth in the future.,佳句欣赏,本文作者用了诸多手法表示旅行前后的两种生活，从而突出使人脱胎换骨的“新生之旅”的作用。此句中,hated,和,didn,t love,构成比较句型，而下文中的,the,fantasy,和,the,reality,也形成鲜明对照。这种表达突出主题。,译 文,I was stuck in a job I,hated,and trapped in an engagement with a woman I,didnt love,. At the time, both commitments seemed like a good idea, but I suppose it was,the fantasy,of being a successful, married businessman that appealed to me far more than,the reality,.,(Line 4),以下为课文中其它一些“比较与对照”的句子。希望大家在借鉴句型的基础上，也能写出这种以一当十的佳句，从而达到,佳句核裂变,的效果。,(1),The future,appeared as much like a wasteland as the emptiness I could see while looking back to,the past,.,(Line 2),(2),A few days later I found myself unemployed and unattached,excited,by the freedom, yet,terrified,about what to do next. I need some kind of transition from,my old life,to,a new one, a sort of ritual that would help me to transform myself,from one person into another,.,(Line 13),(3),It took me,almost a year,to pay off that trip, but I am convinced that my,single week,in Aruba was worth,three years,in therapy.,(Line 35),(4),Its easier to,make changes,when you are,away from home,than to,maintain the changes,after,you return,.,(Line 71),(5),Although it is possible to make extraordinary progress,in a single week, transformative change takes place,over a lifetime,.,(Line 76),I was stuck in a job I,hated,and trapped in an engagement with a woman I,didnt love,. At the time, both commitments seemed like a good idea, but I suppose it was,the fantasy,of being a successful, married businessman that appealed to me far more than,the reality,.,(Line 4),译 文,我当时被困在两件事中：做着一份我,憎恨,的工作并与一个我,并不爱,的女人订有婚约。当初，两个承诺都好像是不错的主意，但是我想吸引我,的,只是成为一个成功的已婚商人的,幻想,，而远非,现实,。,A few days later I found,myself,unemployed and unattached,excited,by the freedom, yet,terrified,about what to do next.,(Line 13),佳句欣赏,“,I found myself,”,后面可接分词短语或介词短语作宾语补足语。此句中,unemployed and unattached,，,excited by the freedom,yet terrified about what to do next,四个分词短语是并列关系，共同作,“,myself”,的宾语补足语，即一个宾语带了四个宾语补足语。这种现象属于一干多枝。,“一干多枝”结构能使表达层次丰富，言简意赅，浓缩含义，同时加快文章叙事节奏。,译 文,本文作者运用了大量不同的“一干多枝”结构。如：,This reinforced the idea,that,anything was possible,that,I could do anything I wanted. (,Line 49, Para. 10,),此句中“,that anything was possible”,与“,that I could do anything I wanted”,是并列关系，共同作“,idea”,的同位语，即两个同位语修饰同一个名词。此外，还有两个（或更多）主语共一个谓语，两个（或更多）动词共一个主语或宾语或状语， 两个（或更多）定语共一个名词等。 这种现象犹如一棵树干上长出的数根树枝，故称“一干多枝”结构。现结合课文，分类例举，以期在欣赏文章及练习写作中有所借鉴。,(1),I,spent,the mornings,going,for long walks on the beach, the afternoons,sitting,under my favorite tree,reading,books and,listening,to tapes.,(Line 26),(2),The most important part of any therapy,is not what you understand,or,what you talk about,but what you do,.,(Line 50),(3),Whenever I thought about taking safe routes, I,imagined,that,I would soon have to face my classmates and,that,I would have to explain my actions to them.,(Line 63),译 文,几天后，,我,失业了,，,也解除了婚约,，为获得的自由而,兴奋,，但又因为不知道下一步做什么而,惶恐,。,A few days later I found,myself,unemployed and unattached,excited,by the freedom, yet,terrified,about what to do next.,(Line 13),句型应用,not ( + NP/clause)but ( + NP/clause),不是,而是,译 文,The most important part of any therapy is,not what,you understand,or what,you talk about,but what,you do.,(Line 50),Example,从全局的观点来看，重要的,不是,他们读写不同书籍，,而是,他们能够创造印刷术并穿越时空进行交流。,Viewed in global perspective, what counts is,not that,they write and read different books,but that,they are capable of creating print and communicating in it across time and space.,但是，要紧的还不是运动员的行为，而是观众的态度，以及观众身后各个国家的态度。,But the significant thing,is not the,behaviour,of the players,but the attitude,of the spectators, and, behind the spectators, of the nations.,译 文,任何一种疗法的关键,不在于,你领悟到什么或谈论了什么，,而在于,你做了什么。,The most important part of any therapy is,not what,you understand,or what,you talk about,but what,you do.,(Line 50),句型应用,Instead of reading novels and calling home regularly, I,took the time to,participate in different activities that would make me change.,(Line 52),sb,. takes the time to do,sth,.,某人花时间,/,找时间做某事,译 文,Example,他们在婚前,几乎没有花时间去了解彼此,。,They,hardly took the time to,know each other,before getting married.,日本人热情十足地往前走，而西方人因,需要时间作详细计划,，则可能落后。,The Japanese are eager to move forward and Westerners, perhaps, lag behind as they,take the time to,plan in great details,.,Example,他,花时间要把自己修饰得能赶上潮流,，可是他始终没能如愿以偿。,He,took the time to pare and polish,himself down to the pattern of the rest of the world, but he never succeeded.,Instead of reading novels and calling home regularly, I,took the time to,participate in different activities that would make me change.,(Line 52),译 文,我没有,把时间,花在看小说和定期给家里打电话上面，而是,花在,能促使我自我转变的种种活动之中。,句型训练,There were times when,有时,(,我,),会,（其中,when,引导的定语从句修饰,times,）,译 文,There were times when,I wanted to avoid doing those things I found most frightening.,(Line 61),Example,我有时候常觉得,现在的工作对我来说太艰苦了。,Therearetimeswhen,Ifeel,mypresentjobistoomuchforme.,爱人之间,也会有时,感到厌烦，,有时,想放弃，,有时,感到压力，,有时,感到羁绊。,In a love relationship,there are times when,I am bored,times when,I may feel like giving up,times of,real strain,and times,I feel I cant move forward.,译 文,对于那些让我非常害怕的事情，我,有过想,回避不干的念头。,There were times when,I wanted to avoid doing those things I found most frightening.,(Line 61),commitment,(n.),(Line5, Para. 2),commit,(v.),1),做,(,错的、坏的或非法的事,),；犯,2),将某人,【,某事物,】,置于,(,某状态,),或交,与或转交,(,某处,),保留、处理等,3),承担义务；向某人保证,请用下面的提示词造句。,Exercise,commit a crime / error / suicide,(,犯罪,/,犯错,/,自杀,),If you,commit a crime,you can never escape being punished.,commit,sb,. to,(,把某人送交,),He was committed to,a mental hospital at the age of 32.,commit,sth,. to memory,(,记住,),He,committed the address to,memory,.,commit oneself to,(,承诺,),The government has,committed itself to,improving the Department of Education.,请用下面的提示词造句。,Exercise,commitment,(n.),1),承诺，保证,2),辛劳；忠诚；奉献,请完成下面的句子。,Exercise,商店诚邀行人进店逛逛，,无须非买东西不可,。,The shop sincerely invites passers-by to come in,and look around _,_.,诚实的人,履行自己的诺言,。,Honest people _.,fulfill their commitments,without commitment to buying,anything,她无条件地为教育事业,献身,。,_,to the education cause was,absolute.,Her commitment,appeal to,(Line 6, Para. 2),1),向,呼吁；请求,2),投合,的心意；引起,的兴趣,3),诉诸,(,武力,),政府,呼吁,每个人节约用水。,你,对,这段音乐,感兴趣吗,？,Does this piece of music,appeal to you,?,The government,is appealing to,everyone to save water.,Translation,The Chinese deputy,appealed to reason to,win the,argument.,中国代表,通过推理赢得了,辩论。,quit,(v.),(Line 12, Para. 3),(,quitted,or,quit,quitting,),stop and leave,停止；放弃（做某事）；离开,我,辞职,了。,他并没有,戒烟,，但是已减到每天只,抽三支烟了。,He has not,quit smoking, but is holding down to three cigarettes a day.,I,have quit,my job.,Translation,quit,与,resign,都指自愿放弃某一职业或资格，,有时指一时冲动所作的决定。,resign,更正式，,quit,口语化。,quit drop out leave resign,近义词辨析,drop,out,指因缺乏兴趣而拒绝参加或放弃成员,资格。,leave,为一般用语。指终止成为某一组织成员的,事实。,请选择,quit, drop out, leave,或,resign,填空。,Exercise,He _ the race.,Pearl _ her boy-friend in anger because he,had not taken her suggestion of not _ his,position so suddenly.,quit/left,dropped out of,resigning,transition,(n.),(Line 14, Para. 4),转变；过渡；变迁,请完成下面的句子。,Exercise,父亲的身份,使他变成,一个更加有责任感的人。,Fatherhood _ a more,responsible person.,transformed him into,transform,(v.),(Line 15, Para. 4),transformation,(n.),改变；改造,今年春天的,天气忽冷忽热,，使许多人生病。,The _,_ this spring have caused much illness.,frequent transitions from cold to warm,weather,transition,(n.),(Line 14, Para. 4),转变；过渡；变迁,请完成下面的句子。,Exercise,transform,(v.),(Line 15, Para. 4),transformation,(n.),改变；改造,魔术师,把那块布变成了一只兔子,。,The magician _,_.,transformed the,piece of cloth into,a rabbit,insulate,(v.),(Line 42, Para. 9),1),使隔离,(,以免受到影响,),2),使绝缘；隔热；隔音,The astronauts,were insulated from,the outside,world for health reason a month before the launch.,Many houses in the north are warm in winter,because they,are insulated,so that the heat is not lost.,北方的许多房子在冬天很暖和,因为它们都作了,隔热,处理,使热量不致散失。,为了健康起见，宇航员在发射活动前一个月,被隔离,。,Translation,reinforce,(v.),(Line 58, Para. 11),1) ( + with),增强，加强,(,观点、看法、,感觉等,),2) ( + with),加固,(,建筑、结构、衣物等,),请完成下面的句子。,Exercise,他的行为,增加了我对他的敬佩,。,His behavior _,_.,reinforced,my admiration of him,老师建议他用,事实加强论证,。,The teacher suggested that he should _,_.,reinforce,the argument with facts,请完成下面的句子。,Exercise,你可以,在毛织上衣的袖子上加上,肘衬,。,You can _,_.,reinforce the sleeves of,a jumper with elbow patches,deliberately,(adv.),(Line 62, Para. 12),1) done in a way that is intended or,planned,故意地；蓄意地,2),done or said in a slow careful way,审慎地；不慌不忙地,deliberate,(adj.),1),故意的；蓄意的,2),从容不迫的；不慌不忙的,deliberate,(v.),思考,(on, over),；,与某人协商,(with,),；,讨论某事,(over, upon, on),请完成下面的句子。,Exercise,A: Are you sure about your answer?,B: Of course madam, I _,before I made the answer.,deliberated the question,A: How come you got such a high score in this,game?,B: Thats easy as long as you act _,_.,calmly and,A: What did you do yesterday?,B: _,_ of helping those,poor students.,I deliberated with the monitor,deliberately,(,仔细地考虑了这个问题,),(,镇静从容地,),(,我和班长商讨了,的计划,),on the plans,perspective,(n.),(Line 68, Para. 13),1),视角，观点,2),透视法,3),前景；展望；远景,From a different,perspective, you will see,a brand-new world.,从不同的角度,你会看到一个全新的世界。,Translation,From the top of the hill we,got,a perspective,of the entire city.,我们从山顶上,眺望了,整个公园的景色。,Translation,The picture looks sort of strange,because,it has no perspective,.,这张画看上去有些怪，因为它,不合透视法,。,incorporate,(v.),(Line 68, Para. 13),( + in, into, with) make something a part of a group; include,包括；合并；吸收,公司合并,成为,的一员。,She,was incorporated a member of,the college.,The firm incorporates,with others.,吸收,We,have incorporated,all your suggestions into the plan.,请用下面的提示词造句。,Exercise,dimension,(n.),(Line 76, Para. 15),1) a part of a situation or a quality,involved in it,方面,；,部分,；,特点,This,added an extra dimension,to the tension.,了解法律是本问题,最重要的部分,。,To this problem, understanding the law is,the first dimension,.,这使紧张局势,节外生枝,。,Translation,dimension,(n.),(Line 76, Para. 15),2) a measurement in space, for,example, length, height, etc.,量度，维度,时间有时被称为,第四维,。,房间,长,12,英尺，宽,10,英尺。,The,rooms dimensions,are 12 feet by 10 feet.,Time is sometimes called,the fourth dimension,.,Translation,I feel like a wreck.,just for the entertainment value,My life already seemed over.,我感觉自己成了废物。,仅仅为了好玩,我的生活似乎到了尽头。,in a moment of pure impulsiveness,出于一时冲动,I was not running away from something but to something.,to think clearly about where I am headed,我并不是在逃避现实，而是在追求未来。,考虑清楚自己将何去何从,I expected that big things are on the horizon.,我期待重大的事情将会来临。,This reinforced the idea that .,这进一步坚定了我的想法。,名词性从句翻译（,2,）,表语从句的翻译,同位语从句的翻译,名词性从句翻译（,2,）,英语名词性从句除了主语从句、宾语从句之外，还有表语从句和同位语从句。在翻译此类从句时，多采用直译法，也可采用分译法。需要注意的是，在翻译名词性从句时，应首先确定从句属于何种名词性从句。,（一）表语从句的翻译,表语从句一般在系动词后出现，翻译成汉语时可以按照原文顺序进行翻译。,常见句型结构：,主语,+is / seems / sounds / feels that / what / why / where / as ,，,一般采用直译法。,The only method is,that we have forever to keep it in mind,.,唯一方法是,我们应当永远将此牢记,。（直译法）,Whats troubling the father most is,that his son seems not to have any great expectation,.,最让父亲苦恼的莫过于,他儿子看起来没有远大前程,。（直译法）,（二）同位语从句的翻译,在翻译名词性从句时，很容易将同位语从句与定语从句混淆。一般而言，同位语从句多出现在以下词汇后：,fact, belief, evidence, reason, idea, claim, suggestion, theory, proof, doubt, news, thought,等。,在翻译同位语从句时，可采用以下三种方法：,采用直译法；,采用增词法，增加“即”或“那就是”，或用冒号、破折号分开。,在有些情况下，同位语从句可以提前；,Isnt it another evidence,that the so-called world peace is just empty talk,?,难道这不是再次证明,所谓的世界和平只不过是句空话吗,?,1.,采用直译法，同时为了保证译文更符合汉语表达习惯，可以适当增词，从而使译文通顺流畅,The foreign travelers marveled at,the fact that China has achieved such great developments within so short a time,.,中国在如此短暂的时间里获得如此巨大的发展，,这一事实令外国游客感到惊讶,。（前置法）,2在有些情况下，同位语从句可以提前,Then arose the question,who, among all these candidates, is qualified for the job,?,问题随之出现：,在所有这些候选人中，谁能胜任这项工作,？,3采用增词法，增加“即”或“那就是”，或用冒号、破折号分开,写作实践,:,The Ecological Crisis on the Booming Tourism,相关链接,Directions:,For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes,to write a composition on the topic:,The Ecological Crisis on the Booming,Tourism.,You should write at least 120,words according to the outline given,below in Chinese:,旅游业在中国迅速发展。但在旅游业繁荣的同时，生态环境也遭到破坏。因此，我们应提倡生态旅游,(,eco-tourism,),。,The Ecological Crisis on the Booming Tourism,Tourism is one of the most promising industries in the 21st century. According to some statistics, tourism comprises more than 5% of Chinas GDP and creates millions of jobs each year. Perhaps this is one of the reasons why tourism is greatly promoted in China. In,addition to the driving force in GDP growth, another reason for the boost of tourism is that people have more holidays. For instance, during the Labor Day or National Day holiday week, people,prefer to experience various lives and get out of the daily life routine. Furthermore, they can afford it.,Traveling is many peoples favorite recreation. It enables us not only to broaden our horizons, but also to shape our mind and spirits. However, just like a coin with two sides, tourism causes a serious problem ecological crisis. The environment has,been suffering with the boom of tourism. In order to attract tourists, many places have been turned,into resorts. Forests are cleared, prairies (,大草原,) are destroyed, rivers and lakes are polluted, and wild animals are driven away.,These horrible scenes should sound an alarm to us. We must protect our eco-environment while enjoying the beautiful scenery. In order to keep a balance between tourism and ecology, the concept of eco-tourism, which intends to bring people closer to nature with as little disturbance as possible, should be,advocated. In the development of this new form of traveling, governments at all levels should play their positive roles such as funding environmental programs and limiting excessive exploitation of natural resources. What we need to do is simple: do not litter; strictly observe regulations at resorts, and use as few plastic bags and boxes as possible. At last, we should keep in mind that when we travel we should take away nothing but memories and leave nothing but footprints.,I. TOEFL,作文题目,I ,Directions:,You will have thirty minutes to plan and write an essay on the topic given below. Use the first few minutes to read the topic carefully and think about what kind of essay you will write. You may use the space immediately below the essay topic to make notes. Write your essay on the lined pages that follow. You will have enough space if you write on every line and keep your handwriting to a reasonable size.,Some People like to travel alone, others like to travel together with several friends. Which do you like better,travel alone or travel with others? Give specific reasons to support your answer.,II. TOEFL,作文题目,II ,Directions:,You will have thirty minutes to plan and write an essay on the topic given below. Use the first few minutes to read the topic carefully and think about what kind of essay you will write. You may use the space immediately below the essay topic to make notes. Write your essay on the lined pages that follow. You will have enough space if you write on every line and keep your handwriting to a reasonable size.,Traveling is more important than reading books in order to understand the people and the world. Do you agree or disagree with the statement? Use specific reasons to support your answer.,III. GRE,作文题目,The following appeared in a proposal from the economic minister of the country of,Paraterra,.,“In order to strengthen its lagging economy, last year the government of the nearby country of,Bellegea,began an advertising campaign to promote ecologically sound tourism (ecotourism). This year the number of foreign visitors arriving at,Bellegeas,main airport doubled, and per capita income in,Bellegea,increased by ten percent. To provide more income for the population of,Paraterra,and also preserve the natural environment of our tiny country, we too should begin to promote ecotourism. To ensure that our advertising campaign is successful, we should hire the current director of,Bellegeas,National Tourism Office as a consultant for the campaign.”,
展开阅读全文