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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Syllabic Consonant,(,成音节),&,Consonant Cluster,(,辅音连缀),1,Syllabic Consonant(成音节)&Cons,音节,(syllable),音节是发音的构成单位。就语音形式而言,一个音节通常由一个元音音素加上一个或几个辅音音素构成;就书写形式而言,一个音节一般由一个元音字母或元音字母组合加上一个或几个辅音字母或辅音字母组合构成。单独一个元音或元音字母组合也可以构成一个音节。例如:,I a air,等。,在一个词中,有几个元音音素(不是元音字母),就有几个音节。有两个元音音素的叫双音节词,有三个或三个以上元音音素的叫多音节词。,2,音节(syllable)音节是发音的构成单位。,成音节,概念:,在英语里,通常一个音节要含有一个元音,所以通常意义上的一个音节可能是一个独立的一个元音或一个元音加上一个辅音或一个元音加上几个辅音构成但是有些辅音如,/m/,、,/n/,、,/l/,等,他们比较特殊,发音较响亮,因此可以和另一个辅音一起构成一个音节,这种音节是以这些音结尾的这样的音节叫,成音节,。,/l/m/n/,就叫,成节音,(syllabic consonant),。,3,成音节概念:3,成音节出现的情况,在英式英语中,在一个单词的结尾音节中,如果无发音的元音字母,(,例如:,rhythm),或有元音字母也不发音,(,例如:,table,little,seven),,而由,l,、,m,、,n,的读音,/l/m/n/,来充当元音,那么,/l/m/n/,就叫,成节音,(,syllabic consonant,),。由,/l/,、,/m/,、,/n/,加一个辅音构成的音节就叫,成音节。,例如:,/-bl/-zm/-vn/-pl/-tl/-dl/,注:,1.bottom,button,等不属于成音节辅音,因为它们的第二个音节里含有元音音素。,2.,美式英语在某些单词结尾的音节中,在,/l/n/,前都加了,/,即,/bl/,/pl/,/sn/,/pl/,,所以成音节更适应英式英语。例如:,seven sevn,musician mju:zin,4,成音节出现的情况 在英式英语中,在一个单词,“,辅音,+/l/”,构成的成音节,1./-pl/-ple,-pil:apple,example,pupil,2./-bl/-ble:table,possible,vegetable,3./-tl/-tle,-tal:little,hospital,4./-dl/-dle,-dal:middle,medal,5./-kl/-cle,-cal:article,physical,typical,6./-gl/-gel:angle,5,“辅音+/l/”构成的成音节1./-pl/-ple,“,辅音,+/l/”,构成的成音节,7./-fl/-ful:beautiful,8./-vl/-val,-vel:festival,travel,9./-ml/-mal,-mel:animal,camel,10./-nl/-nal:traditional,11./-sl/-cil:pencil,12./l/-cial:special,6,“辅音+/l/”构成的成音节7./-fl/-f,“,辅音,+/n/”,构成的成音节,1./-tn/-tain,-ten:Britain,written,2./-dn/-den:garden,3./-fn/-ften:often,4./-vn/-ven:seven,5./-sn/-son,-sten,-cine:person,listen,medicine,6./-zn/-son,-sin:reason,cousin,7./,n/-cian,-sian,-tien,-tion:musician,Asian,patient,,,direction,7,“辅音+/n/”构成的成音节1./-tn/-t,辅音,+/m/,1./zm/:realism,rhythm,communism,modernism,optimism,pessimism,etc.,8,辅音+/m/1./zm/:realism,rhyth,consonant cluster,(辅音连缀),英语单词中一个音节内两个或两个以上连续出现的,非成节辅音,叫做辅音连缀,(consonant cluster),。如,blackboard,,,speak,,,sleep,desks,。英语中辅音连缀的现象非常普遍,可以出现在词首,词中和词尾。,读辅音连缀要注意:第一个辅音要念得轻而短,很快滑向后面的辅音,不要在辅音之间夹入元音。,9,consonant cluster(辅音连缀)英语单词中一个,辅音连缀在词首,/sp/spy speak spit spark sport spade,/st/stay steal still star story stand,/sk/sky ski sketch school scold skate,/sf/sphere(,范围,;,球体,),/sm/small smile smoke,/sn/snow snake snap snatch,/sl/sleep slide slow slim slot slum,/sw/swear swap(,交换,)sweet,10,辅音连缀在词首/sp/spy speak spit,辅音连缀在词首,/pl/play please plot,/pr/pray press print,/tr/try tree train truck,/tw/twice twin twelve twist,/kl/climb claim clock clerk,/kr/cry cream crush crack cradle,/kw/quite quick quit quote queen,/bl/blue black blame blush blow block,/br/breathe broad bring bright brother,11,辅音连缀在词首/pl/play please plo,辅音连缀在词首,/dr/dress dream dry drain draw dread drum,/dw/dwel dwarf,/gl/glass glide glow glad glory,/gr/green grow great grass grade,/fl/fly flow flee flesh flat,/fr/from frame frank free french,/r/three throw threat through throat,/r/shriek shrink shrill,12,辅音连缀在词首/dr/dress dream dry,辅音连缀在词首,/spr/spring spray spread,/str/strong street straight stride(,大步走,),/skr/scream screw scratch,/spl/splash splendid,/skw/square squeeze(,挤,),13,辅音连缀在词首/spr/spring spray s,辅音连缀在词中,1./bl/,:,problem 2./br/,:,February,library,3./kl/,:,oclock 4./kr/,:,across,5./fr/,:,afraid 6./gl/,:,ugly,7./gr/,:,agree 8./pl/,:,reply,dumpling,9./pr/,:,April 10./sk/,:,basketball,11./sp/,:,respect 12./st/,:,sister,assistant,13./str/,:,Australia 14./tw/,:,between,14,辅音连缀在词中 1./bl/:problem,辅音连缀在词尾,清辅音,+/s/,caps lips books roofs desks takes asks,浊辅音,+/z/,dogs pigs cabs leaves seems,清辅音,+/t/,stopped asked kicked missed touched,浊辅音,+/d/,begged loved moved seized seemed called,15,辅音连缀在词尾清辅音+/s/15,辅音连缀在词尾,清辅音,+/ts/,tests rests beasts hosts gifts,浊辅音,+/dz/,fields folds holds ends spends pretends,16,辅音连缀在词尾清辅音+/ts/16,
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