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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,Grammar learning,Noun Clause,在复合句中起名词作用的从句,叫名词性从句,(,Noun Clauses）。,名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任,主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语,等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分为,:,主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句,和,同位语从句,。,名词性从句,辨别下列名词性从句的类别,：,1.How the book will sell,depends on its author.,2.,John said,that he was leaving for London on Wednesday,.,3.,The fact is,that he has not been seen recently,.,4.,He will talk to us about,what he saw in U.S.,5.,It is impossible,that I go and attend the meeting.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,宾语从句,主语从句,1._ the baby could speak,made,his parents very happy.,A.That B.What C.Why D.If,2.I wonder _ you will go shopping or stay at home.,A.that B.which,C.whether D.what,3.This is _ he was often late for school.,A.what B.that,C.why D.whether,Practice:,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,二、名词性从句连接词的用法,连接词,可使用的名词性从句,是否充当从句的句子成份,可否省略,可否用其他词代替,that,whether,特殊疑问词,what/where/when/which,等,以上连接词的共同作用是,:,主,/,宾,/,表语从句,主,/,宾,/,表语从句,主,/,宾,/,表语从句,否,否,是,否,否,动词后的宾语从句可以省略,否,否,动词后的宾语从句可用,if,代替,连接主句和从句,(,连接作用,),三、名词性从句连接词的选用,（1）,that,和,what,的选用,他说的话伤害了我,.,他说了谎,这伤害了我,.,1.That,he told a lie hurt me.,2.What he said hurt me.,主句,主语从句,主句,主语从句,hurt me.,What he said.,(what,代替,said,后面接的,sth,.),hurt me.,He told a lie.,说明,:,连接词,that,的作用,:,_,说明,:,连接词,what,的作用,:,_,只是连接,不充,当从句中的成分,不仅连接,还充当从句中的宾语,（1）,that,和,what,的选用,that,和,what,都可引导所有的名词从句。,但是，,what,除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中,_,，可做从句的,主语、宾语、或表语,。而,that,在名词性从句中,_,。,充当成分,不充当任何成分，只起连接作用,(1)that/what,1._,he wants is a book.,2._ he wants to go there is obvious.3.The result is _ we won the game.4.This is _ we want to know.5.We should pay attention to,_ the teacher is saying.,What,That,that,what,what,6.I have no doubt _ he will come.,7.I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.,8._ has made China,_ it is now?,that,what,What,what,1.I asked her _ she had a bike.2.Were worried about _ he is safe.3._ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.4.The question is _he should do it.,5.I dont know _he is well or not.6.I dont know _ to go.,if/whether,Whether,whether,whether,whether,whether,（,2,）,if,和,whether,的选用,Summary,总结,(,不能使用,if,的情况,),：,1.if,只能用在,动词后,的宾语从句,不能用在,介词后,的宾语从句,2.if,不能用在主语从句中,3.if,不能用在表语从句中,4.whether or not,连在一起引导宾语从句时不用,if.,5.whether to do,做动词宾语,不能用,if to do.,（三）其它连接代词和副词的连用,主要根据名词性从句中的,具体意义,正确的选择,who、which、when、where、why、how,等连接词，这些连接词,既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用,，同时,在从句中充当各种成分,。,我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。_,we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.,我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。,I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday.,我不知道他长的什么样子。,I have no idea _ he looks like.,这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。,This is _I left my glasses.,When,who,what,where,1.No one can be sure _ in a million years.,what will man look like,B.what man will look like,C.man will look like what,D.what look will man like,考点,1,语序问题,2.You can,t imagine _ when they received these nice Christmas presents.,how they were excited,B.how excited they were,C.how excited were they,D.they were how excited,总结归纳：,名词性从句在句中要用,_,语序,从句的引导词必须始终置于从句的,_,陈述,句首,2.,Our physics teacher once told us that light _,（,travel,）,faster than sound.,travels,1.He said that he will go to the station.,3.Tom says that,Mary _,(go),abroad last year and_(be)there for nearly 5 months.,went,has been,考点,2,时态问题,would,1,）主句的动词用,过去,时，,从句谓语动词用,过去,的某种时态,2,）,主句的动词用,过去,时，,从句表示,客观事实，格言，谚语,等,，,从句谓语动词用,一般现在时,3),主句的动词用,一般现在时,，,从句谓语可根据需要选用,各种,时态,总结归纳：,1.,何时开会还没有决定。,1.When,the meeting will begin,_,(have)not been,decided yet.,2.,他们何时出发和他们去哪里还没有决定。,When the person was murdered,and,why he was murdered,_,_,(is/are)still unknown.,has,2.When,they will start,and where,they will go,_(have)been still unknown.,3.,何时何地开会还没有决定,。,3.When and where,the meeting will,begin,_,(have)not been decided yet.,have,has,考点,3,主谓一致问题,总结归纳：,单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用,_,形式。如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用,_,形式。由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用,_,形式。,复数,单数,单数,I think _ worthwhile,that we spent so much money on these books.,2._ is hard to decide,when and where we will held our sports meeting.,it,It,总结归纳：,当主语从句较长，而谓语较短时，常常将从句,_,，而用,_,作为形式主语置于句首。,_,也可作形式宾语,。,后置,it,it,考点,4 it,作形式主语和形式宾语,1.It is obvious to the students _ they should get well prepared for their future.,A.as B.which,C.whether D.that,2.When asked _ they needed most,the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved.,A.what B.why,C.whom D.which,Practices,1.Well,_ I dont like the newcomer is none of your business.,A.what B.that C.who D.how,2.-Could you do me a favor,Mr.Brown?,-It depends on _ it is.,A.which B.that,C.what D.who,3._ there is life on the moon is an interesting question.,A.That B.Whether,C.If D.Where,4.-Are you still thinking about yesterdays game?,-Oh,thats _.,A.what makes me feel excited,B.whatever I feel excited about,C.how I feel about it,D.when I feel excited,5.That is_ my grandfather was born and grew up.,A.There B.in which,C.where D.the place,6.People are trying hard to protect and record _ is left of the Aboriginal language.,土著语言,A.which B.what,C.that D.all,7._ stole the MP3 player is still a complete mystery.,A.Who B.That,C.HowD.Whom,8.You are saying that our teachers
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