人教版五年级数学下册《质数和合数》ppt课件

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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,难点名称:,把握自然数按因数个数的分类法,理解和掌握质数和合数的特征,能应用概念准确判断一个数是质数还是合数。,人教版小学数学五年级下册第,2,单元,质数和合数,难点名称:把握自然数按因数个数的分类法,理解和掌握质数和合数,1,(,1,),2,的倍数具有什么样的特征?,(,2,),5,的倍数呢?,(,3,),3,的倍数呢?,复习导入,个位上是,0,2,4,6,8,的数都是,2,的倍数。,个位上是,0,或,5,的数都是,5,的倍数。,一个数各个数位上的数字之和是,3,的倍数,这个数就是,3,的倍数。,(1)2的倍数具有什么样的特征?(2)5的倍数呢?(3)3的,2,(,4,)把,1 20,这些自然数进行分类,可以分为哪两类?,奇数和偶数,一位数和两位数,(4)把1 20这些自然数进行分类,可以分为哪两类?奇数,3,(,5,)你能,写出,120,各数的因数,吗?,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,找因数:,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,(5)你能写出120各数的因数吗?12345678910找,4,对照一下,你写的对吗?,1,的因数有:,1,2,的因数有:,1,,,2,3,的因数有:,1,,,3,4,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,4,6,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,3,,,6,5,的因数有:,1,,,5,7,的因数有:,1,,,7,8,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,4,,,8,9,的因数有:,1,,,3,,,9,10,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,5,,,10,11,的因数有:,1,,,11,12,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,3,,,4,,,6,,,12,13,的因数有:,1,,,13,14,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,7,,,14,16,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,4,,,8,,,16,15,的因数有:,1,,,3,,,5,,,15,17,的因数有:,1,,,17,18,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,3,,,6,,,9,,,18,19,的因数有:,1,,,19,对照一下,你写的对吗?1的因数有:12的因数有:1,23的因,5,思考:,120,各数按它们的因数的个数可以怎样分类?,1,的因数有:,1,2,的因数有:,1,,,2,3,的因数有:,1,,,3,4,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,4,6,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,3,,,6,5,的因数有:,1,,,5,7,的因数有:,1,,,7,8,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,4,,,8,9,的因数有:,1,,,3,,,9,10,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,5,,,10,11,的因数有:,1,,,11,12,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,3,,,4,,,6,,,12,13,的因数有:,1,,,13,14,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,7,,,14,16,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,4,,,8,,,16,15,的因数有:,1,,,3,,,5,,,15,17,的因数有:,1,,,17,18,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,3,,,6,,,9,,,18,19,的因数有:,1,,,19,20,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,4,,,5,,,10,,,20,知识讲解,思考:120各数按它们的因数的个数可以怎样分类?1的因数有,6,1,的因数有:,1,2,的因数有:,1,,,2,3,的因数有:,1,,,3,4,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,4,6,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,3,,,6,5,的因数有:,1,,,5,7,的因数有:,1,,,7,8,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,4,,,8,9,的因数有:,1,,,3,,,9,10,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,5,,,10,11,的因数有:,1,,,11,12,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,3,,,4,,,6,,,12,13,的因数有:,1,,,13,14,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,7,,,14,16,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,4,,,8,,,16,15,的因数有:,1,,,3,,,5,,,15,17,的因数有:,1,,,17,18,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,3,,,6,,,9,,,18,19,的因数有:,1,,,19,20,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,4,,,5,,,10,,,20,1的因数有:12的因数有:1,23的因数有:1,34的因数有,7,2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,质数(素数),一个数,如果只有,1,和它本身两个因数,这样的数叫做质数(也叫素数)。如,2,3,5,7,11,等。,只有,1,和它本身,两个因数的数,2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19质数(素数)一个数,如,8,23,=123,23,质数,1,23,23=12323质数123,9,1,的因数有:,1,2,的因数有:,1,,,2,3,的因数有:,1,,,3,4,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,4,6,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,3,,,6,5,的因数有:,1,,,5,7,的因数有:,1,,,7,8,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,4,,,8,9,的因数有:,1,,,3,,,9,10,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,5,,,10,11,的因数有:,1,,,11,12,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,3,,,4,,,6,,,12,13,的因数有:,1,,,13,14,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,7,,,14,16,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,4,,,8,,,16,15,的因数有:,1,,,3,,,5,,,15,17,的因数有:,1,,,17,18,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,3,,,6,,,9,,,18,19,的因数有:,1,,,19,20,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,4,,,5,,,10,,,20,1的因数有:12的因数有:1,23的因数有:1,34的因数有,10,4,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,4,6,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,3,,,6,8,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,4,,,8,9,的因数有:,1,,,3,,,9,10,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,5,,,10,12,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,3,,,4,,,6,,,12,14,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,7,,,14,16,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,4,,,8,,,16,15,的因数有:,1,,,3,,,5,,,15,18,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,3,,,6,,,9,,,18,20,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,4,,,5,,,10,,,20,4的因数有:1,2,46的因数有:1,2,3,68的因数有:,11,只有,1,和它本身,两个因数的数,2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,质数(素数),有两个以上,的因数的数,4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15,16,18,20,合数,一个数,如果除了,1,和它本身外还有别的因数,这样的数叫做合数。如,4,6,8,9,10,等。,只有1和它本身2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19质数(素,12,34,=134,34,1 34,34=217,2 17,合数,34=134341 3434=21,13,只有,1,和它本身,两个因数的数,2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,质数(素数),有两个以上,的因数的数,4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15,16,18,20,合数,只有1和它本身2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19质数(素,14,1,的因数有:,1,2,的因数有:,1,,,2,3,的因数有:,1,,,3,4,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,4,6,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,3,,,6,5,的因数有:,1,,,5,7,的因数有:,1,,,7,8,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,4,,,8,9,的因数有:,1,,,3,,,9,10,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,5,,,10,11,的因数有:,1,,,11,12,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,3,,,4,,,6,,,12,13,的因数有:,1,,,13,14,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,7,,,14,16,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,4,,,8,,,16,15,的因数有:,1,,,3,,,5,,,15,17,的因数有:,1,,,17,18,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,3,,,6,,,9,,,18,19,的因数有:,1,,,19,20,的因数有:,1,,,2,,,4,,,5,,,10,,,20,1的因数有:12的因数有:1,23的因数有:1,34的因数有,15,有的数只有两个因数,如,5,的因数是,1,和,5,。,1,只有因数,1,。,有的数的因数不止两个。可以分分类。,只有一个因数的数,只有,1,和它本身两个因数的数,有两个以上因数的数,1,2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15,16,18,20,有的数只有两个因数,如5的因数是1和5。1只有因数1。有的数,16,只有,1,和它本身,两个因数的数,2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,质数(素数),有两个以上,的因数的数,4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15,16,18,20,合数,只有一个因数的数,1,1,既不是质数也不是合数,只有1和它本身2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19质数(素,17,一个数,如果只有,1,和它本身两个因数,这样的数叫做,质数,(,或,素数,)。如,2,,,3,,,5,,,7,都是质数。,一个数,如果除了,1,和它本身还有别的因数,这样的数叫做,合数,。如,4,,,6,,,15,,,49,都是合数。,1,不是质数,也不是合数。,一个数,如果只有1和它本身两个因数,这样的数,18,1.,根据质数和合数的概念判断,,27,是质数还是合数?说出理由。,1.根,19,达标检测,填空。,(,1,)最小的自然数是(,),最小的奇数是(,),最小的质数是(,),最小的偶数是(,),最小的合数是(,)。,(,2,)既是奇数又是质数的最小自然数是(,),既是偶数又是合数的最小自然数是(,),既是奇数又是合数的最小自然数是(,)。,0,1,2,0,4,4,3,9,达标检测填空。01204439,20,2.,判断下列各数是质数还是合数。,17 22 29 31 35 37 40 87 93 96,质数:,17,29,31,37,合数:,22,35,40,87,93,96,2.判断下列各数是质数,21,3.,说一说,1-20,的自然数中有哪些是质数。,奇数,偶数,1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19,0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20,熟记,20,以内的质数(,2,,,3,,,5,,,7,,,11,,,13,,,17,,,19,),3.说一说 1-20,22,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99,100,找出,100,以内的质数,做一个质数表,123456789101,23,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68
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