医学英语-心脏ppt课件

-,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,SUMC 2011-2012,Students copy,The cardiovascular system,1,-,Students copyThe cardiovascul,What is the circulatory system?,What does the CV system do?,Internal and external anatomy,Cardiac cycle,Heart sounds,Conductive system of the heart,Blood vessels,Diseases of the CVS,2,-,What is the circulatory system,The Heart and blood vessels together make up the,cardiovascular System,.,Circulate blood throughout entire body for,Transport of oxygen to cells,Transport of CO2 away from cells,Transport of nutrients(glucose)to cells,Movement of immune system components(cells,antibodies),Transport of endocrine gland secretions,3,-,The Heart and blood vessels to,The Heart:location in thorax,4,-,The Heart:location in thorax4,The Heart:location in thorax,Oblique Position,Apex=Left of Midline(5th ICS),Anterior to rest of heart,Base(posterior surface)sits on vertebral column,Superior Right=3rd Costal Cartilage,1”right midsternum,Superior Left=2nd Costal Cartilage,1”left midsternum,Inferior Right=6th Costal Cartilage,1”right midsternum,Inferior Left=5th Intercostal Space at Midclavicular line,5,-,The Heart:location in thoraxO,Serous membrane,Continuous with,blood vessels,The Heart:muscle layers and coverings,Connective tiss,Endothilium,6,-,Serous membraneContinuous with,External Heart Anatomy,Page 44,7,-,External Heart AnatomyPage 447,The Heart:Chambers,8,-,The Heart:Chambers8-,Lungs,Body cells,Our circulatory system is a double circulatory system.,This means it has two parts parts.,the,right,side of the system,deals with,deoxygenated,blood.,the,left,side of the system,deals with,oxygenated,blood.,9,-,LungsBody cellsOur circulatory,Circulation,Coronary circulation,the circulation of blood within the heart.,Pulmonary circulation,the flow of blood between the heart and lungs.,Systemic circulation,the flow of blood between the heart and the cells of the body.,10,-,Circulation10-,The Heart:Valves,Bicuspid(mitral),Tricuspid,(AV),Pulmonary,Aortic,(SL),11,-,The Heart:ValvesBicuspid(mit,How does the Heart work?,blood from the body,blood from the lungs,The heart beat begins when the,heart muscles,relax,and blood,flows into the atria.,STEP ONE,12,-,How does the Heart work?blood,The atria then,contract,and,the valves,open,to allow blood,into the ventricles.,How does the Heart work?,STEP TWO,13,-,The atria then contract andHo,How does the Heart work?,The valves,close,to stop blood,flowing backwards.,The ventricles,contract,forcing,the blood to leave the heart.,At the same time,the atria are,relaxing,and once again filling with,blood.,The cycle then repeats itself.,STEP THREE,14,-,How does the Heart work?The va,15,-,15-,Filling of Heart Chambers the Cardiac Cycle,Copyright 2003 Pearson Education,Inc.publishing as Benjamin Cummings,16,-,Filling of Heart Chambers t,The Heart:Cardiac Output,Copyright 2003 Pearson Education,Inc.publishing as Benjamin Cummings,Cardiac output(CO),total vent blood/min,Amount of blood pumped by each side of the heart in one minute,CO=(heart rate HR)x(stroke volume SV),Stroke volume,Volume,of blood pumped by each ventricle in one contraction,17,-,The Heart:Cardiac OutputCopyr,S1-What is it?,closing of the bicuspid and tricuspid valves.(closure of the AV valves),The Pulmonic and Aortic valves are opening,and blood is being forced into the arteries,S2-What is it?,The sounds are because of the closing of the Pulmonic and Aortic valves,(closure of the semilunar valves),18,-,S1-What is it?18-,19,-,19-,Conductive System,Action potential-,electrical impulse causing the contraction of heart muscle cells,The,SA node,or,pacemaker,initiates the heartbeat and causes the atria to contract on average every 0.85 seconds.,The,AV,node,conveys the stimulus and initiates contraction of the ventricles.,The signal for the ventricles to contract travels from the AV node through the,atrioventricular bundle,to the smaller,Purkinje fibers,.,20,-,Conductive SystemAction poten,Electrocardiogram,An,electrocardiogram,(ECG),is a recording of the electrical changes that occur in the myocardium during a cardiac cycle.,The P wave occurs just prior to atrial contraction;the QRS complex occurs just prior to ventricular contraction;and the T wave occurs when the ventricles are recovering from contraction.,21,-,ElectrocardiogramAn electrocar,The Vascular System,Copyright 2003 Pearson Education,Inc.publishing as Benjamin Cummings,22,-,The Vascular SystemCopyright,Blood Vessels:Anatomy,Three layers(tunics),Tunic intima,Endothelium,Tunic media,Smooth muscle,Tunic externa,Mostly fibrous connective tissue,23,-,Blood Vessels:AnatomyThree la,Conductive System,Copyright 2003 Pearson Education,Inc.publishing as Benjamin Cummings,Figure 11.5,24,-,Conductive SystemCopyright,Tunica externa,Outermost layer,elastin and collagen,Strengthens,Anchors,Tunica media,Middle layer,Circular Smooth Muscle,Vaso-constriction/dilation,Tunica intima,Innermost lay