资源描述
单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit 2,The United Kingdom-Grammar,动词的-,ed,形式,Unit 2 动词的-ed形式,1,I.,基本形式和意义,动词的-,ed,形式，即传统语法所指的“过去分词”。它是动词的一种非限定形式。动词的-,ed,形式兼有动词、副词和形容词的特征，可以带宾语或受状语修饰。动词的-,ed,形式和宾语或状语一起构成-,ed,分词短语.动词-,ed,形式的基本形式是“动词+-,ed”，,但也有不规则的形式。,I.基本形式和意义动词的-ed形式，即传统语法所指的“过去分,2,II.,动词-,ed,形式在句法功能,1.作表语,1.1,动词,-,ed,形式,表语时，其作用相当于,adj.,说明的是主语的状态。,All the windows are,broken,.,All hope is,gone,.,This article is,well written,.,He appeared,satisfied with my work,.,II.动词-ed形式在句法功能1.作表语1.1 动词-,3,（,1）完全形容化了的,动词,-,ed,形式,：,可以被,very,等副词修饰，可以有比较级等级形式。常见的有,常见的有：,bored,disappointed,excited,frightened,interested,pleased,puzzled,satisfied,surprised,tired,worried,等。,（,2）有的,动词,-,ed,形式,可以被副词,well,修饰，如：,built,cooked,done,dressed,known,organized,prepared,written,等。,（3）其它副词也可以修饰,动词,-,ed,形式,，如：,deeply moved,highly developed,heavily-populated,等。,（1）完全形容化了的动词-ed形式：可以被very等副词修,4,1.2,动词,-,ed,形式,作表语时，其后可以接介词短语、不定式短语及,that,引导的宾语从句,He is very much disappointed,at the result,.,The mother was pleased,to hear from her son,.,Im satisfied,that you didnt tell me a lie,.,1.2动词-ed形式作表语时，其后可以接介词短语、不定式短语,5,1.3“,be+,动词,-,ed,形式,”有可能是一个系表结构，也有可能是一个被动结构。,Why,is,the glass,broken,?,By whom,was,the glass,broken,?,(系表结构）,(被动结构),It,is covered,with thick ice and deep snow.,Your table should,be covered,by a white cloth.,(系表结构）,(被动结构),1.3“be+动词-ed形式”有可能是一个系表结构，也有,6,1.4,动词的-,ed,形式与-,ing,形式作表语的区别,Traveling is,interesting,but,tiring,旅行是有趣的，但是使人疲劳。,They were very,excited,at the news,听到这个消息，他们感到非常激动。,凡表示主语“令人的”都用,-,ing,形式,，凡是表示主语“感到”时都用-,ed,形式。,1.4 动词的-ed形式与-ing 形式作表语的区别Trav,7,Multiple choice:,1.As we joined the big crowd,I got _ from my,friends.,Separate B.spared C.lost D.missed,2.,The business of on-line shopping so far has been,_ for the sellers who are already offering their,services.,A.disappointed B.disappointing,C.disappoint D.to be disappointed,3.-Shall we go swimming?,-OK.Ill just go and get _.,A.changed B.to change,C.to be changed D.changing,B,A,A,Multiple choice:1.As we joined,8,2,.,作定语,2.1.,单个,动词,-,ed,形式,作定语,通常位于名词之前,a.,及物动词的,动词-,ed,形式,，具有被动和完成的意义。,a,broken,cup a,wounded,soldier,an,unexpected,visitor the,excited,crowd,b.,不及物动词的,动词-,ed,形式,，具有主动和完成意义。,a,grown,woman a,retired,officer,the,risen,sun,fallen,leaves,c.,合成的,动词-,ed,形式,a,much-needed,reform,widely-held,opinions,2.作定语2.1.单个动词-ed形式作定语,通常位于名,9,2.2.,动词,-,ed,形式的短语,作定语：通常位于名词之后,其作用相当于定语从句。,a letter,written in pencil,the tree,reflected in the lake,the machines,produced last year,=,a letter,which was,written in pencil,=,the tree,that was,reflected in the lake,=,the machines,which were,produced last year,2.2.动词-ed形式的短语作定语：通常位于名词之后,其作用,10,2.3,动词的-,ed,形式与,-ing,形式作定语的区别,动词的,-,ing,形式表示所修饰的名词正在进行的动作或主动关系，以及表示事物的属性、用途等；,动词的,-,ed,形式表示与,所修饰的名词相关的,已完成的动作或被动关系。,2.3 动词的-ed形式与-ing形式作定语的区别动词的-i,11,the,changing,world,the,changed,world,（正在变化的）,（变化了的）,boiling,water,boiled,water,（,正在沸腾的),（已经沸腾过的）,fading,flowers,faded,flowers,(正在凋谢的),（已经凋谢的）,a,developing,country,a,developed,country,(发展中的),（发达的）,the changing world（正在变化的）（变化了的,12,Translation work,:,另人恐怖的场景,受了惊吓的马,令人失望的孩子,感到失望的孩子,a frightening sight,a frightened horse,a disappointing child,a disappointed child,Complete the following sentences:,Do you know the man _,(,跟我们数学老师谈话的）？,I lost the pen _,(,我叔叔买的）。,talking to our maths teacher,bought by my uncle,Translation work:另人恐怖的场景a fri,13,3.1.在感观动词,feel,hear,和,see,之后，如：,I heard my name,called,.,He felt himself,cheated,.,I saw his eyes,fixed on me in curiosity,.,3.,作宾语补足语,3.1.在感观动词feel,hear 和see 之,14,3.2.在表示“希望，愿望，命令,忍受”这一类动词后面做宾语补足语，这类动词有：,cant bear,hate,like,love,need,prefer,want,wish,等，如：,He needs his coat,mended,.,Kate would like her room,painted white,.,I prefer eggs,boiled,hard.,We wish your work,finished quickly,.,I want the suit,made,to his own measure.,3.2.在表示“希望，愿望，命令,忍受”这一类动词后面做,15,3.3.,在有些表示状态的动词后，这类词有：,keep,leave,show,等，如：,They kept the door,locked,for a long time.,Dont leave the windows,broken,like this all the time.,Please keep us,informed,of the latest developments.,3.3.在有些表示状态的动词后，这类词有：keep,le,16,3.4.在使役动词,have,后，通常有两方面的含义：,1),表示,让某人做某事,。,I have had my bike,repaired.,我已经找人修好了自行车。,2),表示,遭遇到某种不幸；受到打击,等。,My elder sister had her wallet,stolen,last month.,上个月我姐姐的钱包被偷了,.,3.4.在使役动词have 后，通常有两方面的含义：1)表,17,3.5.用 在,make,之后，在这种结构中，动词的-,ed,形式的动词,表示目的或结果。,I raised my voice to,make myself heard.,我提高了嗓门以便于被人家听到。,They managed to,make themselves understood,.,他们设法使别人明白了他们的意思。,You must,made your views known,to everybody.,你要向大家说明你的观点。,3.5.用 在make之后，在这种结构中，动词的-ed形式的,18,3.6.动词 的,ed,形式与-,ing,形式作宾语补足语的区别：,1）在,see,hear,watch,notice,等感官动词后作宾补时，-,ing,形式表示正在进行的动作，强调当时的情景，为部分过程；动词的-,ed,形式则表示其与宾语之间为被动关系或有该动作已完成的概念。例如：,We heard her,singing,this song when we got there.,我们到达时，听见她在唱这首歌。,We often hear this song,sung,by her.,我们经常听见她唱这首歌。(歌是被唱),3.6.动词 的 ed形式与-ing 形式作宾语补足语的区,19,2)用在,have,get,leave,等动词后作宾补时，动词的-,ing,形式强调进行的状态或持续状态，动词的-,ed,形式表示被动关系。,We tried our best,but still couldnt get the machine,running,.(,强调启动，进入工作状态,),The farmers got the planting,done,before the rains,came.(,被动，已完成,),2)用在h
展开阅读全文