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,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,英语中的五种基本句型,第1页,第1页,英语句子有长在短，有简有繁，从现象看，似乎千变万化，难以捉摸，但从实质看，能够发觉其内在联系，找出其共同规律。英语句子基本结构能够归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构基础。,英语五种基本句型列式下列：,基本句型一：+（主谓）,基本句型二：+link-+（主系表）,基本句型三：+（主谓宾）,基本句型四：+IO+（主谓间宾直宾）,基本句型五：+（主谓宾宾补）,第2页,第2页,基本句型 一,+（主谓）,此句型句子有一个共同特点，即句子谓语动词都能表示完整意思。,这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面能够跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。,第3页,第3页,（不及物动词）,1.Time,2.The moon,3.The man,4.We all,5.Everybody,6.I,7.They,8.He,9.He,10.They,flies.,rose.,cooked.,eat,and drink.,laughed?,woke.,talked for half an hour.,walked yesterday,is playing,have gone,第4页,第4页,基本句型 二,+link-+（主系表）,此句型句子有一个共同特点：句子谓语动词都不能表示一个完整意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态表语构成复合谓语，才干表示完整意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：,(1)表示状态连系动词。这些词有：,be,look,seem,appear,smell,taste,sound,keep,remain,等等。,(2)表示转变或结果系动词。这些词有：,become,get,grow,turn,go,come,prove,等等,第5页,第5页,Link-（系动词）,(表语),1.This,2.The dinner,3.He,4.Everything,5.He,6.The book,7.The weather,8.His face,is,smells,fell,looks,is,is,became,turned,an English dictionary.,good.,happy.,different.,tall and strong.,interesting.,warmer.,red.,第6页,第6页,基本句型 三,+（主谓宾）,此句型句子共同特点是：谓语动词都含有实义，都是主语产生动作，但不能表示完整意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作承受者，才干使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。,第7页,第7页,（实义动词）,(宾语),1.Who,2.She,3.He,8.He,5.They,6.Danny,7.I,4.He,knows,laugh at,understands,made,ate,likes,want,said,the answer?,her.,English.,cakes.,some apples.,donuts.,to have a cup of tea.,Good morning.,第8页,第8页,基本句型 四,+IO+（主谓间宾直宾）,此句型句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才干表示完整意思。这两个宾语一个是动作直接承受者，另一个是动作间接承受者。,通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接，当动作间接承受者在动作直接承受者之前时，这一介词往往被省略。,第9页,第9页,（及物）,（多指人）,（多指物）,1.She,2.She,3.He,8.He,5.I,6.I,7.I,4.He,passed,cooked,brought,bought,showed,gave,told,showed,him,her husband,you,her,him,him,me,a new dress.,a delicious meal.,a dictionary.,nothing.,my pictures.,a hand.,how to run the machine.,that the bus was late.,第10页,第10页,基本句型 五,+（主谓宾宾补）,此句型句子共同特点是：动词即使是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表示完整意思，必须加上一个补充成份来补足宾语，才干使意思完整。,第11页,第11页,（及物）,（宾语）,（宾补）,1.We,2.They,3.They,4.They,5.What,6.We,7.He,8.I,keep,painted,call,found,makes,saw,asked,saw,the table,the door,supper,the house,him,him,me,them,clean.,green.,dinner.,dirty.,sad?,out.,to come back soon.,getting on the bus.,第12页,第12页,典型例题分析,（二）,第13页,第13页,1.They work hard.,主 +谓,2.The flower is dead.,主+系+表,3.Plants need water.,主+谓+宾,4.He gives me some seeds.,主+谓+间宾+直宾,5.We should keep the plants in the shade.,主+谓+宾+宾补,6.Many animals live in trees.,主 +谓,第14页,第14页,除了基本句型成份不变外，通常是在这些成份前面或后面增长一些修饰语而加以扩大。这些修饰语能够是单词（主要是形容词、副词和数词），也能够是各种类型短语（主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语）。下面以基本句型五（s+v+o+o.c）为例：,We found the hall,full,.,我们发觉礼堂坐满了。,We found the great hall full,of students and teachers.,我们发觉大礼堂坐满了学生和教师。,We found the great hall full of students and teachers,listening to an important report.,我们发觉大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听一个主要汇报。,We found the great hall full of students and teachers,listening to an important report,made by a comrade from the Peoples Daily on current affairs in East Europe.,我们发觉大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听人民日报一位同志作相关东欧局势主要汇报。,第15页,第15页,不同动词使用句型也不尽一样，因此在学习动词时，应掌握动词类型。以 get 为例：,Hes getting angry.(S V P),He got through the window.(S V O),Youll get a surprise.(S V O),He got his shoes and socks wet.(S V O C),在句子中词类和词位置也影响句子句型和意思:,I found the book easily.,我很容易地找到了这本书。(S V O M）,I found the book easy.,我觉得这本书很容易。（S V O C）,I have to do something.我得做点事。,I have something to do.我有点事做。,第16页,第16页,练习:判断下面句子是哪种句型,Your sister,dances,beautifully.,主+谓,This food l,ooks,inviting.,主+系+表,3.They,kept,their marriage a secret.,主+谓+宾+宾补,4.Good,keeps,you healthy.,主+谓+宾+宾补,第17页,第17页,5.The palaces,were,large and beautiful.,主+系+表,6.Horse-riding,hammer throw and shooting are some of the more unusual events.,主+系+表,第18页,第18页,8.I will pick up rubbish from the ground.,主+谓+宾,9.You can plant a tree or build a birdhouse.,主+谓+宾,10.I will tell my friends to protect the environment.,主+谓+宾+宾补,第19页,第19页,A Lebanese who had left the country for Syria during the conflict between Israel and Hizbollah,returns with her family following the ceasefire,at the Lebanon-Syria border in Magdel Anjar August 14,.,S +V,第20页,第20页,A 53-point win over South Korea wrapped up a perfect Asian exhibition tour for a star-studded U.S.team on its way to the world championships.,S +V,+O,第21页,第21页,According to the current information held by the Chinese authorities,a verdict arrived at by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO)and the bird flu research and test centre of Thailand was arbitrary and based on the fact that the virus found in Thailand and Laos was similar to recent finds in southern China,the ministrys,statement said.,s+link-v+p,第22页,第22页,First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century,the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds,including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem,and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecolab polytechnique.（NMET.C篇）,这个定理，先是由十七世纪法国数学家皮尔法特提出，曾使一批杰出数学大师为难，包括一位法国女科学家，她在处理这个难题方面取得了重大进展，她曾女扮男装为了能够在伊科尔理工学院学习。,简析：夹杂过去分词短语，现在分词短语，动名词及两个定语从句。,S+v+o,第23页,第23页,
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