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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,鼻及鼻窦解剖,鼻的解剖,Anatomy of nose,外鼻,external nose,鼻腔,nasal cavity,鼻窦,accessory nasal sinuses,外鼻,External nose,鼻根,Nasal root,鼻梁,Nasal bridge,鼻尖,Nasal apex,鼻小柱,Columella nasi,鼻背,Nasal dorsum,鼻翼,Alae nasi,前鼻孔,Anterial nares,外鼻支架,鼻外侧软骨,大翼软骨,鼻中隔软骨,上颌骨额突,额骨鼻部,鼻骨,外鼻皮肤特点,上薄松,下厚紧,多腺体,痤疮,酒渣鼻,鼻疖,疼痛,外鼻静脉回流特点,没有静脉瓣,双向流动,内眦,V,面前,V,面总,V,颈内,V,内眦,V,眼上下,V,海绵窦,鼻腔,Nasal cavity,前鼻孔,anterior naris,后鼻孔,posterior naris,鼻中隔,nasal septum,鼻阈,limen nasi,鼻前庭,nasal vestibule,皮肤特点,鼻毛,腺体,连接紧,疖痛,固有鼻腔,nasal fossa proper,顶壁：,鼻骨额骨鼻突,蝶窦前壁,筛骨水平板,底壁：硬腭,内侧壁,外侧壁,前鼻孔,后鼻孔,鼻中隔,鼻中隔软骨,筛骨垂直板,犁骨,外侧壁,下鼻甲,Inferior turbinate,下鼻道,Inferior meatus nasi,中鼻甲,Middle,中鼻道,Middle,上鼻甲,Surperior,上鼻道,Surperior,中鼻道,Middle meatus,钩突,uncinate process,半月裂孔,semilunar hiatus,筛泡,ethmoid bulla,额窦,frontal sinus,前组筛窦,ethmoud sinus,上颌窦,maxillary sinus,鼻道窦口复合体,Ostiomeatal complex OMC,筛漏斗及邻近结构，包括钩突、筛泡、半月裂孔、筛房、上领窦自然口、鼻囱门、中鼻甲,窦口鼻窦复合体的通气和引流障碍是发生各鼻窦慢性炎症的主要原因,粘膜,mucous membrane,嗅区,olfactory region,呼吸区,respiratory region,血管,颈内,A-,眼 动 脉,ophthalmic artery,颈外,A-,上颌内动脉,internal maxillary artery,利特尔区,littles area,筛前 筛后 上唇 鼻中隔后 腭大,吴氏鼻,-,鼻咽静脉丛,woodruffs plexus,鼻窦,额窦,frontal sinus,筛窦,ethmoid sinus,上颌窦,maxillary sinus,蝶窦,sphenoid sinus,鼻窦引流,前组鼻窦：,额窦 中鼻道,前组筛窦 中鼻道,上颌窦 中鼻道,后组鼻窦：,后组筛窦 上鼻道,蝶窦 蝶筛隐窝,上颌窦,maxillary sinus,前壁,(,面壁,):,尖牙窝,眶下孔,后外壁,:,翼腭窝,颞下窝,翼内肌,内壁,(,鼻腔外壁,):,中鼻道后部有上颌窦裂孔,上壁,(,上颌骨眶板,):,眶底内侧部,底壁,(,牙槽突,):,低于鼻底,上颌窦解剖特点,发育最早,窦腔最大,(,容积,13ml),窦底低窦口高,窦口在中鼻道外壁的位置,最后最低,与牙齿关系密切,765,567,筛窦,ethmoid sinus,前组开口中鼻道,Middle meatus,后组开口上鼻道,Surperior meatus,Haller气房,泡状中鼻甲,鼻腔的生理功能,呼吸 鼻阻力,nasal resistance.,鼻周期,nasal cycle,过滤清洁 鼻毛,.,喷嚏反射,.,粘液毯,.,纤毛,.,抗体,加温加湿海绵状血窦,33,35,腺体,湿度,98%.,鼻腔每天分泌液体,1000ml,反射 鼻肺反射 喷嚏反射,共鸣,嗅觉识别 报警 食欲 情绪,分泌和免疫,鼻腔的生理功能,呼吸 鼻阻力,nasal resistance.,鼻周期,nasal cycle,加温加湿海绵状血窦,33,35,腺体,湿度,98%,鼻腔每天分泌液体,1000ml,鼻腔的生理功能,嗅觉,识别,报警,食欲,情绪,鼻腔的生理功能,过滤清洁,鼻毛,喷嚏反射,粘液毯,抗体,鼻窦的生理功能,分泌,共鸣,减轻头颅重量,FESS,Functional endoscopic sinus surgery,彻底去除不可逆病灶,纠正鼻腔鼻窦解剖学异常,畅通窦口鼻道复合体和各窦的窦口,保存窦内粘膜和中鼻甲等生理功能,Messerklinger technique,The Messerklinger technique is a primarily diagnostic endoscopic concept demonstrating that the frontal and the maxillary sinuses are subordinate cavities.Disease usually starts in the nose and spreads through the ethmoidal prechambers to the frontal and maxillary sinuses,with infections of these latter sinuses thus usually being of secondary nature.,谢谢大家,!,
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