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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,英语句子成分,及基本结构,英语句子成分及基本结构,（一）句子成分的定义,构成句子的各个部分,叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；,主要成分有,主语和谓语,；,次要成分有,表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。,（一）句子成分的定义 构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句,（二）,句子的具体成分,主语,（,subject),：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，,主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“,是什么”或“是谁”。,一般由,名词、代词、不定代词或相当于名词的单词或短语来充当,，也有从句充当的现象。,大多数主语都在,句首。,（二）句子的具体成分主语（subject)：主语是一个句子所,1,The room,is very clean.（名词）,2,We,often speak English.（代词）,3,Eight,is my lucky number.,（数词）,4,To teach them English,is my job,.,（动词不定式）,1 The room is very clean.,5,Swimming,is good for our health.,(,动名词）,6.,What we need,is food.,（句子）,7.,The poor,are everywhere in some,countries.,(the+,形容词,),5 Swimming is good for our hea,找出下面句子的主语,1.Our school is not far from my home.,2.,To talk with you,is a great pleasure,3.Cleaning the house needs a lot of time.,4.They are our good friends.,5.What he said was right.,6.Eight is a lucky number in China.,找出下面句子的主语,谓语,(,predicate),谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态,说明主语,“,做什么,”,，,“,是什么,”,，,“,怎么样,”,。谓,语,必须是动词,，,体现时态和语态，,一般放在主语之后。谓语,分简单谓语和复合谓语,：,1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：,He,practices,running every morning.2、复合谓语：由情态动词+,动词原形,或其他助动词加动词,某种形式,构成。,如：He,can speak,English.,谓语(predicate)谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特,常见情态动词：,can/could,能，可以，可能,may/might,可以，可能,need,需要,must,必须，务必,will/would,表意愿,should,应该,have to,不得不,+,动词原形,作谓语,常见情态动词：can/could 能，可以，可能+,助动词：帮助构成,时态和语态,，不同时态有不同的助动词,后加动词的某种形式构成谓语。,一般现在时态：,does/do,一般过去时态：,did,一般将来时态：,will/shall,过去将来时态：,would/should,现在完成时态：,have/has,过去完成时态：,had,现在进行时态：,am/is/are,过去进行时态：,was/were,助动词：帮助构成时态和语态，不同时态有不同的助动词,后加动词,We always,get up,at seven.,They,are talking about,something.,He,went,to the park yesterday.,The boy,can play,guitar very well.,He,doesnt like,speaking Chinese.,I,have seen,the film before.,He,didnt finish,his homework last night.,We always get up at seven.,找出下列句子的谓语,1.,We saw them playing football.,2.Our teacher is telling us something.,3.A blind man was walking slowly.,4.Friends make my life full of excitement.,5.Recently,we have developed the good habit.,6.We must study English very hard.,7.Our country will become stronger.,8.The train had left by 10 last night.,找出下列句子的谓语1.We saw them playin,表语,(,predicative),表语用以说明主语,是什么,或,怎么样,，它一般位于,系动词,之后,，构成,主系表,结构，说明主语的状况，性质，特征等。,表语(predicative)表语用以说明主语是什么,常见的系动词：,1.,表状态：,be,2.,表感官：,look,sound,smell,taste,feel,3.,表变化：,become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,fall,4.,表持续,保持：,keep,remain,stay,5.,表似乎,像：,seem,，,appear,常见的系动词：1.表状态：be,1 I am,a teacher,.（名词）,2 I am,ten.,（,数,词）,3 He became,rich and successful,.（形容词）,4 Everyone is,here.,（,副,词）,5 They are,at home,now.,（介词短语）,6 My job is,to teach them English.,（,不定式,）,1 I am a teacher.（名词）,找出下列句子的表语,1.We are the master of our future.,2.The old man felt very sad.,3.Our country will become stronger,4.My father kept silent.,5.Your words seemed right.,6.The drink tastes quite wonderful.,7.In spring the trees turn green.,找出下列句子的表语1.We are the master,8.The boy is very clever.,9.No one remains young forever.,10.The girl has become skillful.,11.It doesnt seem quite true.,12.The idea sounds wonderful.,8.The boy is very clever.,宾语,(,object),宾语,：,表示动作,所涉及,的,对象,，,内容,或,承,受,者,。,宾语,动宾：动词,+,宾语,介宾：介词,+,宾语,例：,read,books,like,English,The book is good for,us.,宾语(object)宾语：表示动作所涉及的对象，内容,1 He is playing,the piano.,（名词）,2 He often helps,me.,（代词）,3 He likes,to watch TV.,(,动词不定式）,4 He likes,watching TV.,（动词,ing),5.I dont know,what he is talking.,(,句子）,1 He is playing the piano.（名词）,找出下列句子的宾语,My brother hasnt done his homework.,People all over the world speak English.,How many new words did you learn last class?,Some of the students in the school want,to go swimming.,The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.,找出下列句子的宾语 My brother hasnt d,宾语补足语,英语中,有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思，还必须在宾语的后面加上宾语补足语才能表达完整的意思,。,我们把,“,宾语,+,宾语补足语,”,称为复合宾语。复合宾语表达的意思相当于一个句子的意思。,宾语补足语 英语中有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思,1 We called him,Dongming,.（名词）2 We saw him,playing,soccer.,（现在分词）,3 We saw him,play,soccer.(,省,to,不定式,),4 We found math,difficult,.（,形容词,）,5 Mom makes me,study,all day.,（省,to,不定式）,1 We called him Dongming.（名词）,找出句子中的宾语补足语,She likes the children to read newspapers,and books in the reading-room.,He asked her to take the boy out of school.,She found it difficult to do the work.,They call me Lily sometimes.,I saw Mr.Wang get on the bus.,找出句子中的宾语补足语 She likes the,定语,修饰,名词,或,代词,的词、短语为定语。定语可由以下等成分表示：,1 She is a,beautiful,city.（形容词）2 My,beef,noodles is here.(,代词）（名词）,3 The boy,with glasses,is my brother.(,介词短语）,4 I have something,to say.,(,不定式）,定语 修饰名词或代词的词、短语为定语。定语可由以下等成,找出下列句子的定语,1.The black bike is mine.,2.Whats your name?,3.I have five books.,4.The
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