教育专题：被动语态

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,被动语态,扎鲁特旗职业教育中心,呼吉雅,1.English,is spoken,by many people.,许多人讲英语。,2.The windows were broken by the boy.,窗户被那个男孩打碎了。,3.Rice,is planted,in South China.,水稻 是在中国南方地区种植的。,语态：表示,主语,和,谓语动词,之间的关系。,英语有,两种语态,，即,主动语态,和,被动语态,。,主动语态：表示主语是动作的,执行者,。被动语态：表示主语是动作的,承受者,。,如：,Many students,study,English,.(,主动语态,),English,is studied,by many students,.,(,被动语态,),语态,助动词,be,有人称、数的变化,其变化规则与,be,作为连系动词时一样。,如：,The desk,is made,of wood.,The desks,are made,of wood.,被动语态的结构,助动词,be+,动词的过去分词,不同的时态有不同的被动语态结构,1.,一般现在时的被动语态结构：,by many students.,主动语态变被动语态的方法,1.Many students,study,English,.,English,is studied,2.They,make,shoes,in that factory.,Shoes,are made,by them,in that factory.,主动语态变被动语态的方法,1.,把主动语态的,宾语,变为被动语态的,主语,。,2.,把主动语态的,谓语,变为被动语态的,谓语,。,3.,把主动语态的主语变为被动语态的,by,短语。（,by,短语可以省。,by,短语,后跟代词的宾格。）,by the teacher.,3.The teacher often,asks,him,questions.,He,is asked,questions,1.,They,bought,ten computers,last term,by them,last term.,2.,一般过去时的被动语态结构：,was/were+,过去分词,last year.,2.,We,planted,many trees,last year.,Many trees,were planted,Ten computers,were bought,3.,一般将来时的被动语态结构：,will be+,过去分词,1.They,will finish,the work,in ten days.,by them in ten days.,The work,will be finished,2.Tom,will clean,the room,tomorrow,.,The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,4.,含有情态动词的被动语态结构：,can/may/must/should+be+,过去分词,1.Amy,can take good care of,Gina,by Amy.,Gina,can be taken good care of,2.You,should drink,more water.,More water,should be drunk,by you.,5.,现在进行时的被动语态的结构,is/am/are+being,过去分词,1.Some workers,are painting,the rooms,now,by some workers now.,The rooms,are being painted,2.He,is watching,TV.,TV,is being watched,by him.,6.,现在完成时的被动语态的结构,have/has,been,过去分词,1.We,have made,twenty more keys,by us.,Twenty more keys,have been made,2.We,have finished,our compositions,.,Our compositions,have been finished,by us.,表格：被动态基本结构,时态,被动语态结构,一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在完成时,过去完成时,am/is/are,done,was/were,done,am/is/are,being,done,was/were,being,done,shall/will/be going to,be,done,would,be,done,have/has,been,done,had,been,done,Such books are written for children.,这些书是为儿童写的。,I havent been told about it.,没有人告诉我这件事,被动语态的用法,（,1,）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁,.,The walls were built to protect their countries.,（,2,）强调动作的承受者，这时应用,by,短语。,The cup was broken by David.,（,3,）作客观说明时，常采用一种被动语态句型,.,填空（完成被动语态填空）,1.They often clean their classroom after school.,（改为被动语态）,Their classroom _ often _ by them after school.,2.Li Lei gave Tom a new pen last week.,（同上）,A new pen _ _ _ Tom last week.,is,cleaned,was given by,Practice,3.A lot of people in China can speak English now.,（同上）,English _ _ _ by a lot of people in China now.,4.I have learned English for about two years.,（同上）,English _ _ _ for about two years.,5.They will publish these story-books next month.,（同上）,These story-books _ _ _ next month.,can be spoken,has been learned,will be published,