英语句子成分分析

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,句子成分,定义,：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有,主要成分,和,次要成分,；,主要成分,：主语和谓语,次要成分,：宾语、定语、状语、补足语、表语、同位语,对句子的认识,1.,词类,名词,-,表示人或事物的名称,形容词,-,表示人或事物的特征,副词,-,修饰动词、形容词、或其他副词,动词,-,表示动作或状态,代词,-,代替名词、数词,数词,-,表示数量或顺序,冠词,-,限制名词的意义,介词,-,表示名词、代词和其他词的关系,连词,-,连接词与词或句与句,感叹词,-,表示说话时的感情或语气,对句子的认识,1.,词类,-,-,表示数量或顺序,-,代替名词、数词,-,限制名词的意义,-,表示名词、代词和其他词的关系,-,连接词与词或句与句,-,表示说话时的感情或语气,数词,代词,冠词,介词,-,连词,感叹词,对句子的认识,-,修饰动词、形容词、,或其他副词,-,表示人或事物的特征,-,表示动作或状态,-,表示人或事物的名称,副词,形容词,动词,名词,1.,I,met,my best,friend,Tom,at the station yesterday,.,主语,谓,语,定语,宾,语,同位语,状,语,主语（,subject,）,句子说明的人或事物,Jane,is good at playing the piano.,She,went out in a hurry.,Four,plus four is eight.,To see,is to believe.,Smoking,is bad for health.,The young,should respect the old.,What he has said,is true.,（名词 june）,（代词）,she,（数词）four,（不定式to see）,（动名词smoking）,（名词化的形容词）,（句子what he said）,找出,主语,找出句中主语,The sun rises in the east.,Twenty years is a short time in history.,The poor are now living in the shelter.,Seeing is believing.,To see is to believe.,He likes dancing.,What he needs is a book.,It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.,（名词）,（代词）,（数词）,（动名词）,（不定式）,（句子）,(,名词化的形容词）,（,It,形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）,谓语,说明主语的动作、状态和特征,简单谓语,:,由,动词,或,动词词组,组成,I,saw,the flag on the top of the hill?,He,looked after,two orphans.,复合谓语,由,情态动词或助动词,+,动词,;,He,can speak,English well.,She,doesnt seem,to like dancing,Show your passport,please.,She didnt say anything.,How many do you want?-I want two.,They sent the injured to hospital.,They asked to see my passport.,I enjoy working with you.,Did you write down what he said?,（名词）,(,代词）,(,数词,),(,名词化的形容词,),(,三,),宾语,动作的对象或承受者,及物动词或介词的宾语,（不定式）,（动名词）,（句子）,宾语分为,直接宾语,和,间接宾语,.,直接宾语指物或事,间接宾语指人或动物,.,He gave,me,some books,.,间接,宾语,直接,宾语,please pass,me,the book.,He bought,his girlfriend,some flowers,.,（四）表语,在,系动词,后的部分就是表语,The war was,over.,They seem,to know the truth,.,Time is,precious,.,Im not,quite myself,today.,That remains,a puzzle,.,I dont feel,at ease,.,系动词,1,）,状态系动词,（,be,动词）,例如：,He is a teacher.,（,is,与补足语一起说明主语的身份。）,2,）,持续系动词,keep,rest,remain,stay,lie,stand,例如：,He always kept silent at meeting.,他开会时总保持沉默。,3,）,表像系动词,seem,appear,look,例如：,He looks tired.,他看起来很累。,4,）,感官系动词,feel,smell,sound,taste,例如：,This kind of cloth feels very soft.,这种布手感很软。,注意：系动词不用于被动语态,.,5,）,变化系动词,become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run.,例如：,He became mad after that.,自那之后，他疯了。,6,）,终止系动词,prove,turn out,表达,“,证实,”,，,“,变成,”,之意,例如：,The rumor proved false.,这谣言证实有假。,（,五,）定语,修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或从句,He is a,clever,boy.,His father works in a,steel,work.,There are,54,students in our class.,Do you known,bettys,sister?,He bought some,sleeping,pills.,There is a,sleeping,baby in bed.,His,spoken,language is good.,(,形容词,),(,名词,),(,数词,),(,名词的所有格,),(,动名词,),(,现在分词,),(,过去分词,),（,六,）状语,状语的功用：状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等。,1,I will be back,in a while,.,2,They are playing,on the playground,.,3,He was late,because he got up late,.,4,He got up so late,that,he,missed the train,.,5,I waited,to see you,.,6,He often went to school,by bus,.,7,His parents died,leaving him an orphan,.,8,Please call me,if it is necessary,.,9,He went to school,in spite of his illness,.,时间,地点,原因,结果,目的,方式,结果,条件,让步,I found the book,interesting,.,Do you smell something,burning,?,He made himself,known to them,.,（六）宾语补足语,宾语补足语，说明宾语的身份和状态以补充其意义不足,make,consider,cause,see,find,call,get,have,let.,She asked me,to lend her a hand,.,同位语,位于名词或代词后面，说明它们的性质和情况,We young people should respect the old.,He himself will do the experiment.,He is the oldest among them four.,He told me the news that our team won the game.,名词,代词,数词,从句,young people,himself,four.,that our team won the,game.,英语五种基本句型列式如下：基本句型一：,（主谓）,基本句型二：（主系表）基本句型三：,（主谓宾）,基本句型四：,（主谓间宾直宾）基本句型五：,（主谓宾宾补）,1,Great changes have taken place,in my home town in the past ten years.,（定语）,(主),（谓语）,（状语）,2.,That,morning we talked,about our,childhood,.,状语 主语 谓语,宾,语,划出句子成分，并判断属于哪种基本句型,3,.At the age of 15 he became a,famous pianist.,状语 主语 系 表语,4 The terrible sound made the children,frightended.,主,谓 宾,宾补,5 He has his hair cut once a month.,主 谓 宾 宾补 状,7,This book is about the history of,the United States.,主语 系动词 表语,6,.The May Fourth Movement broke out,in Beijing in 1919.,（,主语）,(谓语),（状语）,8,They have finished the plan successfully.,主 谓 宾,9,.He pointed out the mistakes in my,composition.,主 谓 宾 状,10；,Grandma told me an interesting story,last night.,主 谓,间宾 直宾 状,11,Her job is to look after the children,in the nursery.,主语 系动词 表语,1,2,His parents named him John.,主 谓 宾 宾补,1,3,All of us considered him honest.,主 谓 宾 宾补,1,4,He asked us to join in the game.,主 谓 宾 宾补,