同位语从句讲解

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,同位语从句,Appositive Clause,What kind of noun clauses are they?,What it was to become,was a mystery.,2.I dont know,who will help Henry to win the bet.,3.His trouble is,that he doesnt know anybody in London.,4.The fact,that ships can go there,surprises many people.,名,词,性,从,句,Mr.Liu,our Chinese teacher,is a charming gentleman.,The thought,that they could cross the whole continent,was exciting.,同位语（appositive）,同位语从句,（appositive clause）,Lead,-,in,名词性从句,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,主语从句在句中做,-,宾语从句在句中做,-,表语从句在句中做,-,同位语从句在句中,-,主语,宾语,表语,同位语,1.,That he will come,is certain.,2.I know,that he will come,.,3.The truth is,that I have been there.,4.The fact,that she was late,surprised us.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,a.It+be+,形容词,+that-,从句,It is necessary that,有必要,It is important that,重要的是,It is obvious that,很明显,b.It+be+-,ed,分词,+that-,从句,It is believed that,人们相信,It is known to all that,从所周知,It has been decided that,已决定,c.It+be+,名词,+that-,从句,It is common knowledge that,是常识,It is a surprise that,令人惊奇的是,It is a fact that,事实是,d.It+,不及物动词,+that-,从句,It appears that,似乎,It happens that,碰巧,It occurred to me that,我突然想起,注意：,用,it,作形式主语的,that-,从句有以下几组：,1.,It is well known that,a big earthquake struck Japan on 11,March.,2.,The reason why it happened is that,the continents are moving.,3.,What surprised me most,was that a large number of cars were washed away by the water.,4.A large number of people were homeless,and,I have no idea whether,they can rebuild their home.,5.,The news that,our country has offered help makes me proud.,6.,I think it our duty to do,what we can(do)to help them.,同位语从句,1.,概念,:,在复合句中作,_,的同位语的名词性从句。,2.,功能,:,同位语从句对该抽象名词进一步解释，说明名词的,_,。,3.,用法,:,常跟同位语从句的抽象名词有,:,4.,连词,:,that/whether/who/which,what/when/where/why/how,fact,_,/idea,_,/reason,_,/thought,_,/doubt,_,/news,_,/hope,_,/belief,_,/message,_,/,decision,_,/warning,_,/,information,_,order,_,/promise,_,/possibility,_,/evidence,_,事实,想法,理由,想法,疑惑,消息,希望,信念,消息,决定,警告,信息,命令,诺言,可能性,证据,抽象名词,具体内容,事实，真相,I.,名词性从句的引导词：,连接词：,that,、,if,、,whether,不作成分,无意义,2.,连接代词,：,who,、,whom,、,whose,、,what,、,which,、,whoever,whatever,3.,连接副词：,when,、,where,、,why,、,how,“,是否”,作状语,作主,/,宾,/,表,主语从句,that whether who whom whose what which when where why how,从 句,引导词,:,1.,That,he knows Japanese,is known to all.,3.,When,he will come,is unknown.,4.,Whether,he is coming,doesnt matter much.,5.,It,remains a secret,how,they climbed up the mountain,.,主语太长了,!,放到句尾,That,无词义,不可省略,What“,什么”,“,所,.,的,”,2.,What,surprised me,was to see him here.,When“,什么时候”,主语从句不用,if,位于句首,主语从句的位置,1.,在句首,2.,主语较长时通常放在后面,句首主语用,It,连接词,that,引导的同位语从句,that,在从句中不充当成分,只起连接作用,.,He told me,the news,that he would,come home from abroad soon,.,There is,no doubt,that the prices,of cars will go down.,如果从句句子,意思完整且是确定的事情,应该用,_,来引导,.,that,只用,whether,引导,不用,if.,连接词,whether,引导的同位语从句,如果从句意思不完整且表示,不确定的事情,(,含“是否”之意,),，应该用,_,来引导,.,whether,He must answer,the question,_ he agrees to it or not.,whether,连接词代词,what/which/who,引导的同位语从句,1.,谁会出国这个问题还未决定,.,2.,我不知道该选哪个,.,1.The question _ should go,abroad hasnt been decided yet.,2.I have no idea _ one I,should choose.,which,who,(,定语,),(,主语,),在从句中充当成分,连接词副词,when/where/why/how,引导同位,语从句并分别充当,_,状语,.,1.,我了解他们为什么离开得那么早,.,2.,我们还没决定好去哪儿,.,1.,Ive got a good idea _ they,left early.,2.,The question _ we should,go has not been decided.,why,where,时间,/,地点,/,原因,/,方式,5.,注意事项：,同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所要说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开，这种从句叫,分隔式同位语从句。,Word came that their team had won.,The whole truth came out at last that it was a wolf in sheeps clothing.,(2),表示“建议、命令、要求”等的名词（如,suggestion,advice,order,request,等）后接同位语从句时，从句用,虚拟语气,，从句的谓语动词常用,“,should+,动词原形”结构，,should,可以省略。,Our teacher gave advice that we,(should)make use of,every chance to speak English.,He gave the order that the patient _,（,send)to hospital without delay.,(should)be sent,(3),当,doubt,作名词用于,肯定句,中,，其后的同位语从句引导词用,whether,;,如果是,否定句,/,疑问句,，则用,that,.,There is some doubt _their football team will win the match.,There is no/little doubt _they will agree with you on this matter.,Thats all.,whether,that,同位语从句与,that,引导的定语从句的区别是什么,?,该如何区分呢,?,三,.,如何区别由,that,引导的定语从句和同位语从句,1.,定语从句中,that,，,代词,，可在从句中作,主、宾、表,同位语从句中,that,连词,，,无成分无意义,The news,that our team has won the game,was true.,The news,that he told me yesterday,was true.,2.,定义：,定语从句,-,对先行词加以修饰限定，与先行词,是修饰与被修饰的关系。,同位语从句,-,对名词即先行词加以补充说明，是,名词全部内容的体现。,判断,:,定语从句,or,同位语从句,1.The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true.,2.The news that we got last week is true.,3.I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich.,4.The mother made a promise that pleased all her children.,(,定语从句,),(,同位语从句,),(,同位语从句,),(,定语从句,),1.,（,09,江西）,The fact has worried many scientists _ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.,A.what B.which C.that D.though,2.The suggestion _he raised at the meeting is very good.,A.which B.that C.what D./,3.The suggestion _ the students(should)have plenty of exercise is very good.,A.which B.that C.what D./,总结:1)同位语从句跟在名词后面，进一步说明该,名词的具体内容。同位语从句常跟在名词,idea,fact,news,hope,thought,suggestion等,抽象名词之,后,2)连接词,that,不能省略,无意义