XXXX0424风电场电能质量测试方法与实践-江苏电科院陈兵

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,风电场电能质量测试方法与实践,二一四年五月,陈 兵,1,风力发,电,电的电,能,能质量,问,问题,目 录,2,风电场,电,电能质,量,量测试,标,标准,3,风电场,电,电能质,量,量测试,方,方法,4,风电场,电,电能质,量,量测试,案,案例,一、风,力,力发电,的,的电能,质,质量问,题,题,1、风电,并,并网对,电,电能质,量,量的影,响,响,电压闪,变,变：风速波,动,动、风,剪,剪切、,塔,塔影效,应,应、无,功,功功率,变,变化、,控,控制参,数,数改变,、,、频繁,切,切换操,作,作均会,引,引起风,电,电并网,点,点电压,波,波动和,闪,闪变。,谐波：风电机,组,组变流,器,器的采,用,用不可,避,避免地,会,会产生,各,各种频,率,率的谐,波,波，对,电,电网电,能,能质量,产,产生明,显,显影响,。,。,电压偏,差,差：在系统,运,运行水,平,平和负,荷,荷水平,不,不变的,条,条件下,，,，并网,节,节点的,电,电压偏,差,差由风,电,电场输,出,出有功,功,功率和,无,无功功,率,率共同,决,决定。,一、风,力,力发电,的,的电能,质,质量问,题,题,2、电能,质,质量对,风,风力发,电,电的影,响,响,电网电,压,压跌落,：,：(1)机械、,电,电气功,率,率的不,平,平衡影,响,响机组,稳,稳定运,行,行；(2)暂态过,程,程导致,发,发电机,中,中出现,过,过流，,可,可能损,坏,坏器件,；,；(3)附加的,转,转矩、,应,应力可,能,能损坏,机,机械部,分,分。,系统三,相,相电压,不,不对称,：,：导致风,电,电机组,频,频繁出,现,现负序,电,电流，,风,风电机,组,组因”电流不,对,对称”故障而,停,停机。,1,2,风电场,电,电能质,量,量测试,标,标准,3,风电场,电,电能质,量,量测试,方,方法,风力发,电,电的电,能,能质量,问,问题,4,风电场,电,电能质,量,量测试,案,案例,IEC 61000-4-30,Electromagnetic compatibility(EMC)-Testing and measurement techniques-Power quality measurement methods,IEC 61400-21,Measurement and assessment of power quality characteristics of grid connected wind turbines,二、风,电,电场电,能,能质量,测,测试标,准,准,国际标,准,准,IEC 61000-4-15,Testing and measurement techniques Flickermeter Functional and design specifications,二、风,电,电场电,能,能质量,测,测试标,准,准,国家标,准,准,GB/T 19963-2011,风电场接入电力系统技术规定,内容：有功功率、功率预测、无功容量、电压控制、低电压穿越、运行适应性、电能质量、仿真模型、二次系统、接入测试。,GB/T 20320-2006,风力发电机组电能质量测量和评估方法,内容：机组电能质量特性参数、测量程序、功率质量评估。,二、风,电,电场电,能,能质量,测,测试标,准,准,国网企,业,业标准,Q/GDW 392-2009,风电场接入电网技术规定,内容：有功功率、功率预测、无功配置、电压控制、低电压穿越、运行频率、电能质量、模型参数、通信信号、接入测试。,Q/GDW,630-2011,风电场功率调节能力和电能质量测试规程,内容：测试条件、测试项目、测试设备、测试方法、测试结果评价。,二、风,电,电场电,能,能质量,测,测试标,准,准,标准联,系,系,Q/GDW,630-2011,风电场功率调节能力和电能质量测试规程,测试方法：,IEC 61000-4-30 IEC 61000-4-15,满足要求：,GB/T 19963-2011,指标评价：,GB/T14549-93 GB/T24337-2009 GB/T 12326-2008,1,3,风电场,电,电能质,量,量测试,方,方法,2,风电场,电,电能质,量,量测试,标,标准,风力发,电,电的电,能,能质量,问,问题,4,风电场,电,电能质,量,量测试,案,案例,三、风,电,电场电,能,能质量,测,测试方,法,法,测试条,件,件,（1）风电,场,场测试,之,之前，,风,风电场,应,应完成,全,全部机,组,组并网,调,调试，,测,测试期,间,间，,风电机,组,组应全,部,部投入,运,运行；,（2）测试,期,期间，,风,风电场,最,最大实,际,际运行,容,容量应,大,大于风,电,电场额,定,定容量,的,的,95，测,试,试过程,包,包含0-95%额定容,量,量以上,出,出力；,（3）风电,场,场应具,备,备独立,的,的测风,塔,塔，测,试,试时风,电,电场的,风,风速应,从,从该测,风,风,塔获得,；,；,（4）测试,期,期间，,风,风电场,实,实际并,网,网的状,况,况不能,变,变化，,包,包括硬,件,件部件,和,和,控制系,统,统；,（5）测试,应,应由具,备,备相应,资,资质的,机,机构进,行,行。,三、风,电,电场电,能,能质量,测,测试方,法,法,测试设,备,备,Q/GDW630,-,-2011,1、电压,互,互感器,精度至,少,少为1级,频率响,应,应2500Hz,2、电流,互,互感器,精度至,少,少为1级,频率响,应,应2500Hz,3、数据,采,采集系,统,统,采样频,率,率5kHz,分辨率,12位,设备型号,DEWE-5000,FLUKE1760,电压量程,(rms),1400V,1000V,基本精度,0.1%,0.1%,A/D(bits),12-24,可选,16,50Hz,系统采样频率,(kS/s),100,10.24,每周期采样点,2000,205,测量带宽,20kHz,4.6kHz,数据内存,160 GB,2GB,IEC61000-4-30 A,级,是,是,三、风,电,电场电,能,能质量,测,测试方,法,法,测量点,风电场,升,升,压变高,压,压侧,测试内,容,容,频率,谐波,间谐波,电压闪,变,变,电压偏,差,差,电压不,平,平衡度,测试周,期,期,连续测,试,试至少24h,覆盖0-100%Pn出力,三、风,电,电场电,能,能质量,测,测试方,法,法,分功率,区,区段,（1）输出,功,功率从0至额定,功,功率的100，,以,以10的额,定,定功率,为,为区间,；,；,（2）每个,功,功率区,间,间、,每,每相至,少,少应采,集,集风电,场,场并网,点,点5个10min时间序,列,列瞬,时电压,和,和瞬时,电,电流值,的,的测量,值,值；,（3）通过,计,计算得,到,到所有,功,功率区,间,间的风,电,电场有,功,功功率,的,的0.2s平均值,；,；,（4）以测,试,试开始,零,零时刻,，,， 计,算,算零时,刻,刻至60s时间段,内,内风电,场,场输出,功,功率最,大,大,值和最,小,小值，,两,两者,之,之差为1min有功功,率,率变化,；,；同样,计,计算0.2s至,60.2s时间段,内,内风电,场,场输出,功,功率最,大,大值和,最,最小值,，,，得出1min有功功,率,率,变化，,依,依此类,推,推，计,算,算出1min有功功,率,率变化,；,；,（5）10min有功功,率,率变化,的,的计算,方,方法与1min有功功,率,率变化,的,的计算,方,方法相,同,同。,三、风,电,电场电,能,能质量,测,测试方,法,法,谐波测,试,试,注入的,谐,谐波电,流,流、并,网,网点的,电,电压总,谐,谐波畸,变,变率、,各,各次,谐,谐波电,压,压、间,谐,谐波电,压,压,测试功率范围需包括,0-100%Pn,按,10%Pn,划分,10,个区间,每个区间至少采集,5,个,10min,时间序列,按,0.2s,平均值计算，得到,10,个区间的每相各次谐波最大值、最小值、平均值、,95%,值,分别按,10,个区间评价,三、风,电,电场电,能,能质量,测,测试方,法,法,谐波计,算,算,算法：谐波子,组,组、间,谐,谐波子,组,组。,谐波（子组,）,）：测,量,量至50次。,间谐波（子组,）,）：测,量,量至2kHz,时间窗,：,：10周期,测量间,隔,隔：10min,Ih：第h次谐波,电,电流（,均,均方根,值,值）,In：基波,电,电流（,均,均方根,值,值）,谐波群,谐间波,群,群,THC,三、风,电,电场电,能,能质量,测,测试方,法,法,闪变测,试,试,短时间,闪,闪变Pst、长时,间,间闪变Plt,测试功率范围需包括,0-100%Pn,按,10%Pn,划分,10,个区间,每个区间至少采集,12,个,10min,时间序列,计算,10,个区间的每相短时间闪变值,Pst,计算,10,个区间的每相长时间闪变值,Plt,分别按,10,个区间闪变最大值评价,三、风,电,电场电,能,能质量,测,测试方,法,法,闪变计,算,算,框1：用来实,现,现把不,同,同等,级的电,源,源电压,降,降到适,用,用于,仪器内,部,部电路,电,电压值。,框2、3、4：综合模,拟,拟了,灯-眼-脑环节,对,对电压,波,波,动的反,应,应。,框5：用积累,概,概率函,数,数CPF,的方法,进,进行分,析,析，计,算,算,Pst。,三、风,电,电场电,能,能质量,测,测试方,法,法,闪变计,算,算,（1）风电,场,场停运,时,时，电,网,网背景,长,长时间,闪,闪变值Plt0；,（2）风电,场,场投运,运,运行时,，,，并网,点,点长时,间,间闪变,值,值Plt1；,（3）计算,风,风电场,单,单独引,起,起的长,时,时间闪,变,变值Plt2；,（1）测量,时,时段内,包,包含的12个短时,间,间闪变,值,值Pst；,（2）计算2个小时,的,的长时,间,间闪变,值,值Plt；,三、风,电,电场电,能,能质量,测,测试方,法,法,其它指,标,标测试,电压偏,差,差、电,压,压不平,衡,衡度、,频,频率,测试功率范围需包括,0-100%Pn,测量时间窗口为,10,周波,不分功率区段,，时间计算长度,1min,、,10min,每相最大值、最小值、平均值、,95%,值,整体评价,三、风,电,电场电,能,能质量,测,测试方,法,法,评价依,据,据,（1）谐波,：,：GB/T14549,-,-93,电能质,量,量 公,用,用电网,谐,谐波,（2）间谐,波,波：GB/T24337,-,-2009电能质,量,量公用电,网,网间谐,波,波,（3）闪变,：,：GB/T 12326-2008,电能质,量,量,电,电压波,动,动和闪,变,变,（4）电压,偏,偏差：GB/T12325,-,-2008电能质,量,量 供,电,电电压,偏,偏差,（5）电压,不,不平衡,度,度：GB/T15543,-,-2008电能质,量,量,三,三相电,压,压不平,衡,衡,（6）频率：GB/T15945,-,-2008电能质,量,量,电,电力系,统,统频率,偏,偏差,1,4,风电场,电,电能质,量,量测试,案,案例,2,风电场,电,电能质,量,量测试,标,标准,3,风电场,电,电能质,量,量测试,方,方法,风力发,电,电的电,能,能质量,问,问题,四、风,电,电场电,能,能质量,测,测试案,例,例,江苏灌,云,云风电,场,场电能,质,质量测,试,试案例,风场概,况,况：,地点：,江,江苏连,云,云港灌,云,云县,装机容,量,量：100MW,并网风,机,机数量,：,：50台,机组厂,家,家：中,船,船重工,单机容,量,量：2MW,并网电,压,压等级,：,：110kV,并网线,路,路：867邓风线,测试时间：2012年11月10日-2012年11月22日,测试位置：风电,场,场高压,控,控制室,邓,邓风线,计,计量用PT、CT二次侧,测试设备：德维,创,创DEWE-5000、FLUKE1760,测试内容：基波,电,电压/电流、,谐,谐波电,压,压/电流、,间,间谐波,电,电压、,电压闪,变,变、电,压,压不平,衡,衡、电,压,压偏差,、,、频率,、,、,功率变,化,化,测试设置：采样,频,频率10kHZ；测量,间,间隔为1分钟，,短,短时间,闪,闪,变基本,记,记录周,期,期为10分钟，,长,长时间,闪,闪变基,本,本记,录周期,为,为2小时,测试工况：覆盖,测,测试所,需,需功率,区,区间0-100%Pn。,测试依据：Q/GDW630-2011风电场,功,功率调,节,节能力,和,和电能,质量测,试,试规程,四、风,电,电场电,能,能质量,测,测试案,例,例,测试作,业,业流程,四、风,电,电场电,能,能质量,测,测试案,例,例,数据分,析,析处理,（1）德维,创,创DEWE-5000、FLUKE1760仪器录,波,波数据导,出,出；,（2）MATLAB编程要,点,点：（a)划分10个功率,区,区段；,（,（b）按要,求,求选出,每,每个功,率,率区段5个和12个10min时间序,列,列数据,；,；（c）按10周波窗,计,计算1min和10min值，每,区,区间各,项,项电能,质,质量指,标,标值和,功,功率变,化,化值（,谐,谐波计,算,算到50次）；,（,（d）与国,标,标限值,自,自动比,较,较。,（3）输入,原,原始数,据,据，运行MATLAB程序；,（4）自动生成报,表,表58个：谐波,电,电压报,表,表10个、谐,波,波电流,报,报表10个、间,谐,谐波电,压,压报表10个、短,时,时间闪,变,变报表10个、长,时,时间闪,变,变报表10个、汇,总,总的谐,波,波电压/谐波电,流,流/间谐波,电,电压/短时间,电,电压闪,变,变/长时间,电,电压闪,变,变报表,各,各1个、三,相,相电压,不,不平衡/电压偏,差,差/频率报,表,表各1个。,（5）评价：10个功率,区,区间的,电,电能质,量,量指标都要满,足,足标准要,求,求。,四、风,电,电场电,能,能质量,测,测试案,例,例,测试结,果,果,功率区间,参数,A 相,B 相,C 相,最大值,平均值,最小值,95%值,最大值,平均值,最小值,95%值,最大值,平均值,最小值,95%值,基波电压（,KV）,66.995,66.003,64.821,66.637,67.094,66.064,64.863,66.719,67.067,66.104,64.952,66.724,2,0.042,0.023,0.012,0.033,0.051,0.021,0.011,0.031,0.035,0.019,0.011,0.029,3,0.248,0.164,0.093,0.216,0.405,0.288,0.184,0.356,0.299,0.224,0.159,0.265,010%Pn,2-50次,：,：,：,：,：,：,：,：,：,：,：,：,：,49,0.203,0.070,0.014,0.135,0.189,0.068,0.015,0.121,0.189,0.079,0.015,0.150,50,0.183,0.068,0.015,0.128,0.182,0.068,0.015,0.135,0.152,0.057,0.015,0.107,电压总畸变率,(),0.848,0.583,0.339,0.729,0.926,0.643,0.408,0.795,0.887,0.598,0.357,0.751,1、010%Pn功率区,间,间三相,各,各次谐,波,波电压,值,值,MATLAB程序,四、风,电,电场电,能,能质量,测,测试案,例,例,测试结,果,果,2、010%Pn功率区,间,间注入,的,的三相,各,各次谐,波,波电流,值,值,功率区间,参数,A 相,B 相,C 相,最大值,平均值,最小值,95%值,最大值,平均值,最小值,95%值,最大值,平均值,最小值,95%值,基波电流（,A）,42.110,12.250,0.170,35.710,41.130,11.921,0.990,35.050,39.570,11.572,0.550,33.600,2,0.490,0.237,0.026,0.454,0.553,0.268,0.027,0.510,0.445,0.210,0.029,0.395,010%Pn,3,1.083,0.552,0.195,0.949,1.279,0.520,0.099,1.043,0.926,0.492,0.153,0.835,2-50次,：,：,：,：,：,：,：,：,：,：,：,：,：,49,0.254,0.101,0.046,0.168,0.244,0.107,0.050,0.167,0.244,0.113,0.044,0.189,50,0.204,0.091,0.043,0.148,0.214,0.095,0.045,0.164,0.179,0.080,0.044,0.128,3、010%Pn功率区,间,间三相25800HZ间谐波,电,电压值,功率区间,参数,A 相,B 相,C 相,最大值,平均值,最小值,95%值,最大值,平均值,最小值,95%值,最大值,平均值,最小值,95%值,基波电压（,KV）,66.995,66.003,64.821,66.637,67.094,66.064,64.863,66.719,67.067,66.104,64.952,66.724,0.5,0.056,0.050,0.044,0.052,0.166,0.035,0.028,0.050,0.050,0.032,0.027,0.035,010%Pn,1.5,0.044,0.026,0.023,0.029,0.093,0.027,0.021,0.031,0.038,0.025,0.021,0.028,0.5-15.5次,：,：,：,：,：,：,：,：,：,：,：,：,：,14.5,0.095,0.040,0.017,0.052,0.078,0.038,0.017,0.050,0.075,0.039,0.017,0.051,15.5,0.166,0.049,0.017,0.071,0.162,0.047,0.017,0.065,0.120,0.046,0.018,0.062,四、风,电,电场电,能,能质量,测,测试案,例,例,测试结,果,果,功率区间,参数,最大值,平均值,最小值,95值,短时间闪变,A 相,0.41,0.17,0.10,0.34,B 相,0.68,0.18,0.10,0.34,010%Pn,C 相,0.43,0.18,0.10,0.37,4、010%Pn功率区,间,间三相,短,短时闪,变,变值,参数,010%Pn,1020%Pn,2030%Pn,3040%Pn,4050%Pn,5060%Pn,6070%Pn,7080%Pn,8090%Pn,90100%Pn,国标值,结论,长时间闪变,A 相,0.320,0.357,0.000,0.000,0.000,0.000,0.000,0.000,0.260,0.354,0.904,合格,B 相,0.327,0.342,0.000,0.000,0.000,0.000,0.000,0.000,0.328,0.434,0.904,合格,C 相,0.340,0.392,0.052,0.015,0.000,0.046,0.000,0.126,0.356,0.501,0.904,合格,四、风,电,电场电,能,能质量,测,测试案,例,例,测试结,果,果,参数,时间,实测值（,MW,）,国标限值（,MW,）,结论,1min,有功功,率变化最大值,2012.11.18,19,：,20,7.35,10.00,合格,10min,有功功率变化最大值,2012.11.18,19,：,20,29.53,33.33,合格,5、 有,功,功功率,变,变化,风电场,输,输出功,率,率实测,曲,曲线及,数,数据,国标限,值,值,风电场装机容量（,MW,）,10min,有功功率变化最大限值（,MW,）,1min,有功功率变化最大限值（,MW,）,30,10,3,30,150,装机容量,/3,装机容量,/10,150,50,15,四、风,电,电场电,能,能质量,测,测试案,例,例,风电场,测,测试结,论,论,通过对,灌,灌云风,电,电场并,网,网点电,能,能质量,长,长时间,连,连续测,试,试，在,风,风电场,正,正常运,行,行时，,得,得出以,下,下结论,，,，测试,期,期间：,风电场,注,注入电,网,网的A、B、C三相250次谐波电,流,流含量均,满,满足国,标,标,限值要,求,求。,风电场,并,并网点,电,电压总谐波,畸,畸变率、250次谐波电,压,压含有率,、,、25,800HZ间谐波,电,电压含有率,、,、三相长时间,闪,闪变、风场单,独,独引起,的,的长时,间闪变均满足,国,国标限,值,值要求,。,。,风电场1min和10min有功功,率,率变化最大值,均,均满足,国,国标限,值,值要求,。,。,谢 谢,！,！,