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首页,尾页,目录,中考题型解题方法与技巧,阅读理解,考查方式以细节理解题、推理判断题、词义(句意)猜测题为主，标题归纳题、数字计算题、主旨大意题为辅。,阅读理解是考查学生能力的一种重要方式，主要考查考生对阅读材料的理解能力、对材料中有效信息的捕捉能力等。考生只有较快地读懂材料，抓住短文大意，获取关键的信息，才能对问题答案做出正确的判断。要高效准确地做好阅读理解题，必须分清类型、对症下药，还要运用一定的解题技巧，才能将各类阅读问题轻松搞定。,解题方法与技巧,问题先行，找出关键词。,拿到一篇阅读，首先扫读题干，划出题干中的关键词，以便有针对性去阅读文章。一般需要划出的关键词有：时间、年份，大写的单词，表示逻辑关系的词，否定含义的词。,细读首段，了解大意。,读完题干后，应迅速将眼球定位于首段，细读、了解文章大意。若首段很短，只有一句话，就要继续阅读第二段；若首段很长，就要重读第一句和最后一句，以了解文章大意。,逐题找答案。,首段读完，结合扫读过的题目，逐题从文章中查找答案，一般题目的设置是按文章的段落进行的，但主旨大意题除外。,选择型阅读理解,细节理解题,先读问题，后找答案。,关注,wh-,词，避免误读。,大写字母有玄机（时间、地点、人物）。,大胆预测，仔细求证。,快速且有重点地浏览全文；把注意力集中于主题句的关键词语上，必要时选择在重要词句下面画线标注；从整体上把握文章的结构、逻辑关系、问题的指向等。选择标题时，避繁就简，避泛求实。,主旨大意题,标题归纳题,词义猜测题,巧抓关键词语。,重视转折连词。,注意因果连词。,理解概念术语。,推理判断题,(,见下页,),留意作者的语气和态度。,留心特定细节：包括事实根据、名字（人物或地点）、数字（日期或统计数字）、关键词语的其他表达方式（同义词、近义词、反义词等）。注意文章的体裁和出处。,推理判断题,典例剖析,Sometimes I really doubt whether there is love between my parents.Every day they are very busy trying to make money for my schooling.,One day,my mother was sewing a quilt(,缝被子,).I silently sat beside her.,“Mum,is there love between you and Dad?”I asked in a very low voice.,With surprise in her eyes,she stopped her work for a while.Then she said,“Susan,look at this,thread,.,It can hardly be seen,but its really there.It makes the quilt strong.If life is a quilt,love should be a thread.Love is inside.”,I couldnt understand her until the next spring.At that time,my father suddenly got sick seriously.My mother had to stay with him in the hospital for a month.,After they were back,my mother helped my father walk slowly on the country road every day.They were so kind to each other and it seemed they were the happiest couple.,After two months my father still couldnt walk by himself.,“Dad,how are you feeling now?”I asked him one day.,“Susan,dont worry about me.”he said.“I just like walking with your mum.I like this kind of life.”Reading his eyes,I knew he loves my mother deeply.,Now I understand that love is just a thread in the quilt of our life.Love is inside,making life strong and warm.,【主旨大意】,本文是一篇记叙文。懵懂的“我”总以为父母只知道为了让我上学而拼命挣钱,对父母之间是否有真爱产生怀疑。然而，父亲生病时母亲无微不至的关怀使“我”茅塞顿开,对爱有了新的理解。文章告诉我们：爱不在于甜言蜜语,而存在于日常生活中。,()1.Why are Susans parents busy trying to make money?,A.To send Susan to school.,B.To go to see the doctor.,C.To buy a strong quilt.,D.To show their love.,A,【解析】细节理解题,。,题干意为：为什么苏姗的父母忙于赚钱？根据第一段第二句“,Every day they are very busy trying to make money for my schooling.”,可知,父母每天忙于赚钱是为了让苏珊上学。故选,A,。,考查方式,细节理解类,方法点拨：,细节题要小心同义不同句。利用题目的关键词,寻找文中对应词,在对应词周围找答案或直接在文中搜索答案,对号入座。这类试题是针对文章中的细节而设计的，如文章中某一个特定的细节，也可能涉及若干个细节，或者针对文章的主要事实，或利用图表、图形来表示信息等。要求学生根据对短文的理解，直接选择正确答案，一般在通读短文后可直接找出答题依据，难度较小，属浅层理解题。,()2.Susans father stayed in hospital for,_,.,A.one day B.one month,C.two months D.three months,B,【解析】,数字计算题,。题干意为：苏珊的爸爸已经病了,。根据第五段最后一句“,My mother had to stay with him in the hospital for a month.”,可知,苏珊的爸爸在医院待了一个月。故选,B,。,考查方式,数字计算类,方法点拨：,对于数字计算题要求考生就文章提供的数据，以及数据与文中其他信息的关系做简单计算和推断。在做此类题时：,(1),要抓住并正确理解与数据有关的信息含义,;,（,2),弄清众多信息中哪些属于有用信息，哪些属于干扰信息；,(3),不要孤立看待数字信息，抓住一些关键用语的意义。,()3.Susan came to understand her mother,_,.,A.while her mother was sewing a quilt,B.before her father was in hospital,C.when she was sitting beside her mother,D.after her father was seriously sick,D,【解析】细节理解题,。题干意为：苏珊开始理解她的母亲,_,。根据第五段第一、二句“,I couldnt understand her until the next spring.At that time,my father suddenly got sick seriously.,我不能理解她直到来年的春天。那时,我父亲突然患重病。”可知,在她父亲患重病后,她开始理解母亲。故选,D,。,()4.What can we know from the passage?,A.Susans father is very lazy.,B.Susans mother is a nurse.,C.Susans parents love each other.,D.Susan doesnt like her father.,C,【解析】,推理判断题,。题干意为：从这篇文章中我们可以知道什么？根据短文可知,作者在父亲生病时,理解了父母亲之间的爱。由此可知,苏珊的父母彼此相爱。故选,C,。,考查方式,推理判断类,方法点拨：,根据文中某些词、句子或段落进行推理或根据句子的语气、文章论调和倾向进行推断：,(1),要以文章提供的事实和线索为依据，忠实于原文，由已知推及未知，遵循“词不离句，句不离段，段不离篇”的原则。（,2),考生在吃透文章字面意思的基础上，再从字里行间捕捉有用的提示和线索。,(3),了解文章的体裁、题材和文章的基调，揣摩作者的态度，摸准逻辑发展方向，悟出作者的言外之意，要把握句、段之间的逻辑关系，了解语篇的结构等。,()5.Which of the following could be the best title for the passage?,A.How to Make a Quilt Strong,B.Love is Just a Thread,C.Walking on the Country Road,D.A Seriously Sick Father,B,【解析】,标题归纳题,。题干意为：下面哪一项是这篇文章最好的标题？根据短文,作者在父亲生病时,理解了父母亲之间的爱。爱就像被子里面的一条线,爱就在里面,爱会使生活更强大更温暖。由此可知选,B,。,考查方式,标题归纳类,方法点拨：,对于标题归纳题，此类题型用以考查考生对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力：,(1),以原文为依据，不掺杂个人意见；（,2),不选对的，只选最适合本篇文章的；,(3),注意绝对化的词；,(4),答案要避免以点带面，以偏概全；,(5)“,傻瓜”原则，文章中没有提到的就当作不知道，不要妄自猜测，一切以文章内容为准。,【命题角度拓展】,()6.The underlined word“thread”probably means“,”.,A.,思路,B.,细线,C.,衣服,D.,路线,B,【解析】,词义猜测题,。题干意为：划线单词“,thread”,可能意为,。根据第二段“,One day,my mother was sewing a quilt.,（缝被子）”及第四段“,It makes the quilt strong.”,可知应是缝被子的线。故选,B,。,考查方式,词义猜测类,方法点拨：,根据前后的比较对照关系,对它的定义,(,描述,),、重述以及举例等进行猜测或者利用同位语、同义词及构词法等进行猜测。解答这类题目时需要一些猜词技巧：,(1),根据上下文来猜测词义；（,2),通过同义词或反义词来猜测词义；,(3),通过构词法来猜测词义；,(4),通过定义或释义来猜测词义；,(5),通过句法功能来猜测词义；,(6),根据转折、因果关系等来猜测词义；,(7),根据生活常识来猜测词义等。对于这类题目采取“代入法”也十分有效，即将备选答案逐一代入文中，哪一个选项能使句子的意思通顺、连贯，且与上下文的内容一致，那个选项就是该题的正确答案。,()7.The passage mainly talks about,_,.,A.the love between Susans father and mother,B.Susans mother taught her a lot,C.Susans father doesnt love her mother,D.theres no love between Susans father and mother,A
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