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,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,UNIT 2,Developing and Developed Countries,I.READING&VOCABULARY,Para 1,1.agree to do,：同意做某事,2.the Human Development Report,人类发展报告,Para 2,3.measure,：,【,词组,】make to ones measure,按某人的尺寸定做,take measures to do sth,采取措施做某事,eg,The government has promised to take measures to help the unemployed.,4.at the top of,在。顶端,5.at the bottom of,在。的底部,8.at the+n.+of,结构：,At the top of,At the bottom of,At the age of,At the end of,At the point of,：即将。的时候,At the foot of,At the edge of,At the head of,：在。的首位,6.surprise,1)to ones surprise,使某人吃惊的是,2,）,in/with surprise,吃惊地,3,）,take sb/sth by surprise,出其不意的袭击。,4,）,be surprised at/that,对。感到惊讶,7.position,1,）,in a position,处于。的地位,/,处境,2,）,in/out of position,在,/,不在适当的位置,Para 3,9.goal=aim=objective,10.be to do,结构,表示安排，命令，意向或目的,The president is to visit China.,（表义务）应该做。；必须做。,You are to report the police,.,（表可能）会做。,How am I to know what has become of him?,【,链接,】,：表将来的特殊结构还有,Be going to do,：表示打算去做某事或可能会发生某事,eg.Mr Green is going to buy a new car.,Be about to do,表示即将,/,正要做某事，其后不接时间状语,I was about to leave when the telephone rang.,11.make sure of/that,确认,12.up to,：多至，达到，胜任（工作）等,be up to sth,：打算做,/,正做（不好的事）；胜任某事,it is up to sb to do sth,应由某人做某事,eg.I can take up to 4 people in my car.,Up to now,hes been quiet.,13.encourage,encourage sb to do sth,encourage sb in sth,(discourage sb from doing sth,劝阻某人做某事,),Para 4,14.give an example of,举出一个。的例子,15.move out of,摆脱,Para 5,16.make progress,取得进步；,make efforts,作出努力,【,链接：关于,make,的词组,】,Make a face,Make a record,Make a living,Make an attempt,Make a decision,Make a move,开始行动,Make a note of,开始记下,【,链接：关于,effort,的词组,】,Put a lot of effort into,投入很多精力于。,Through ones effort,通过某人的努力,In an effort to do sth,致力于做成某事,Without/with effort,（毫不）费力地,Spare no effort to do sth,不遗余力的做某事,17.【figure】,1,）,a square figure,一个方形,2,）,a historian figure,一位历史人物,3,）,keep ones figure,保持身材,4,）,the latest figure,最新的数字,Figure out,想出；弄明白,II,其余语言点讲解,1.situation,:(P15),Situation,狭义地指由环境等综合因素决定的特定实践中的状态和情形。,We are in a complicated situation.,Condition,指由于一定原因，条件而形成的特定情况。,His condition will not permit him to travel alone.,State,指人或物所处的状态，不着重于这种状态的原因。,He is in a good state.,2.for oneself,：亲自地，为自己,He kept the smallest one for himself.,By oneself,：单独地；独自地,=on ones own,He used to sit by himself and read.,Of oneself,：自然而然地；常指没有外界干扰而自行完成,The door closed of itself,.,To oneself,：暗自，私下地,Tom thought to himself that he could win.,Be oneself,：表示人处于正常状态,Im not quite myself today,.,III.CULTURAL CORNER,1.close,Be(get)close to,：接近，靠近,Keep close to,：紧跟,Close down,：停业，关闭,Close to,：离。近，与。关系密切,2.exchange,：,Exchange for,：以。换取,Exchange with,：和。换,In exchange for,：交换,IV.GRAMMAR,：连词,连词：用来连接词，短语或句子的词叫连词。连词是虚词，不能独立充当句子成分。根据在句中所起的作用，连词可分为并列连词和从属连词。,并列连词,：连接具有并列关系的词，短语或句子的连词叫并列连词。,从属连词,：用来连接主句和从句的连词叫做从属连词。,并列连词,一,.,表示联合意义的并列连词：,and,both,and,neither,nor,as well as,not only,but also,等。,二,.,表示转折关系的并列名词,1.but,用作连词，意为,“,可是，但是,”,，表示语意的转折,2.while,意为,“,而，然而,”,，表示对比转折,3.whereas,意为,“,而，然而,”,，连接两个对等的句子。,She is ill,whereas I am a little bit tired.,4.however,使用时后面应有逗号。,三,.,表示选择关系的并列连词：,1.or,2.either,or,3.whether,or,，其后可以接介词短语或动词不定式,4.rather than,宁愿，后面常跟动词原形,四,.,表示因果关系的并列连词：,1.so,2.for,：附加的推断或理由，语气较弱,Then,Thus,Therefore,When,做并列连词，意为,“,这时,”,Be about to do sth when,Be to do sth when,Be doing sth when,Had just done sth when,Be on the point of doing sth when,在这几个句式中，,when,引导的并列句中的动作都是突然发生而将前一句的动作打断，或紧跟着前一句的动作发生,【,例,1】,We were about to go out when he came.,【,例,2】,We,had just arrived at home when it began to rain.,从属连词,一,.,引导名词性从句的从属连词,1.that,，,whether,，,if,在句中不充当任何成分；并且,that,引导宾语从句时可以省略；其余不可省略。,2.,连接代词主要有,who/whom/whose/which/what,等，他们在句中可充当主语，宾语，定语等,3.,连接副词主要有,when/where/how/why,等，他们在句中做状语。,二,.,引导状语从句的从属连词：,1.,（时间）,when/while/as/after/before/since/till/until/up to now/the moment/immediately/,hardly when=no sooner than,/as soon as,等,2.,（原因）,because/as/since/for,3.,（地点）,where/wherever,4.,（条件）,if/as long as/,on condition that,5.,（目的）,so that/in order that/,lest,/in case,6.,（结果）,so that/such that,7.,（让步）,though/although/however/whatever/whoever/even if/even though,8.,（方式）,as if/as though,9.,（比较）,as as/than/not so as,
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