iec 6204011.1

Click to edit master title style,Click to edit master slide style,Second level,Third level,E N E R G I Z E Y O U R E N T E R P R I S E,27/01/2015,page,#,w w w . t u v . c o m,EN 62040-1-1: 2003,安规要求,21/09/2024,page,1,不间断电源,认证,要求,EN,6,2040,-1,-1,电源,產品,安規要求,EN 6,2040,-1,-1,Sep 9,2011,21/09/2024,page,2,EN 62040-1-1: 2003 (,标准发布日: 2003-08-01 ),EN 50091-1-1: 1996 (,标准注销日,: 2005-11-01),相关标准,新标准,EN 62040-1-1: 2003,与,EN 60950-1: 2001,一起使用,P,EN,62040-1-2: 2003 (,适用于安装在受限区域的,UPS),s,EN 62040-2 (UPS EMC,标准),Equip & Materials Tch. Dept.,EN 62040-3 (UPS,性能标准),l products in PSQ,标准的时效,21/09/2024,page,3,Scope of EN 62040-1-1,This standard is applicable to UPS which are movable, stationary, fixed or for building-in, for use on distribution systems up to 1000V a.c.; and intended to be installed in any,operator accessible area,.,This standard is intended to ensure the safety of installed UPS, both as a single UPS unit or as a system of interconnected UPS units, subject to,installing, operating and maintaining,the UPS in the manner prescribed by the manufacturer.,21/09/2024,page,4,1.,解释安规标准的重要概念,UPS,的安规认证要求,元器件的认证要求,讲座,的目,标,:,21/09/2024,page,5,Part 1:,EN 62040-1-1: 2003,的,重要概念,一般安全原理,重要定义,21/09/2024,page,6,1.,一般安全原理,UPS,的设计须提供足够的保护, 防止人体受到以下危险的伤害:,(在标准中人体泛指,使用者,和,服务人员,),21/09/2024,page,7,2. Major Definitions of EN 62040-1-1 and EN 60950-1,backfeed,Condition in which a voltage or energy available within the,UPS is fed back to any of the input terminals, either directly or,by a leakage path while operating in the stored energy mode,and with primary power not available,3.1.5,backfeed protection,control scheme that reduces the risk of electric shock due to,backfeed,21/09/2024,page,8,3.3.1 normal load,mode of operation which approximates as close as,possible the most severe conditions of normal use,in accordance with the manufactuer,s operating,instructions. However, when the conditions of actual use can,obviously be more severe than the maximum load conditions,recommended by the manufacturer, a load is used that is,representative of the maximum that can be applied. For,example see annex M.,21/09/2024,page,9,1.2.3,Equipment mobility,1.2.3.1 movable equipment: Equipment which is either:,- 18kg or less in mass and not fixed, or,- equipment with wheels, castors or other means to,facilitate movement by the operator as required to,perform its intended use.,1.2.3.4 stationary equipment: Equipment that is not movable,equipment.,1.2.3.5 equipment for building-in: Equipment intended to be,installed in a prepared recess, such as in a wall, or,similar situation.,21/09/2024,page,10,1.2.4.1class I equipment: Equipment where protection against electric shock is achieved by:,a)using basic insulation, and also,b)providing a means of connecting to the protective,earthing conductor in the building wiring those,conductive parts that are otherwise capable of,assuming hazardous voltages if the basic insulation,fails.,1,.2.4,Classes of equipment - Protection against electric shock,21/09/2024,page,11,1.2.5,Connection to the supply,1.2.5.1pluggable equipment type A: Equipment which is intended for connection to the building installation wiring via a non-industrial plug and socket-outlet or a non-industrial appliance coupler, or both.,21/09/2024,page,12,1.2.5.2pluggable equipment type B: Equipment which is intended for connection to the building installation wiring via an industrial plug and socket-outlet or an appliance coupler, or both, complying with IEC 60309, or with a comparable national standard.,1.2.5.3permanently connected equipment: Equipment which is intended for connection to the building installation wiring by screw terminals or other reliable means.,21/09/2024,page,13,1.2.6,Enclosures,1.2.6.1enclosure: A part of the equipment providing one or more of the functions described in 1.2.6.2, 1.2.6.3 or 1.2.6.4.,1.2.6.2fire enclosure: A part of the equipment intended to minimize the spread of fire or flames from within.,1.2.6.3mechanical enclosure: A part of the equipment intended to prevent injury due to mechanical and other physical hazards.,21/09/2024,page,14,1.2.6.4electrical enclosure: A part of the equipment intended to prevent contact with parts at hazardous voltage or hazardous energy levels.,1.2.6.5decorative part: A part of the equipment, outside the enclosure, which has no safety function.,21/09/2024,page,15,1.2.7,Accessibility,1.2.7.1operator access area: An area to which, under normal operating conditions, one of the following applies:,-access can be gained without the use of a TOOL, or,-the means of access is deliberately provided to the operator, or,-the operator is instructed to enter regardless of whether or not,TOOLS are needed to gain access.,The terms access and accessible, unless qualified, relate to operator access area as defined above.,(Question: Operator can access to _ circuit?),21/09/2024,page,16,1.2.7.2service access area: An area, other than an operator access area, where it is necessary for service personnel to have access even with the equipment switched on.,21/09/2024,page,17,1.2.7.3restricted access location: A location for equipment where both of the following dashed paragraphs apply:,-access can only be gained by service personnel or by USERS,who have been instructed about the reasons for the restrictions,applied to the location and about any precautions that must be,taken ; and,-access is through the use of a TOOL or lock and key, or other,means of security, and is controlled by the authority,responsible for the location.,21/09/2024,page,18,1.2.8,Circuits and Circuit characteristics,1.2.8.3primary circuit: An internal circuit which is directly connected to the external supply mains. It includes the primary windings of transformers, motors, other loading devices and the means of connection to the supply mains.,21/09/2024,page,19,1.2.8.4secondary circuit: A circuit which has no direct connection to primary power and derives its power from a transformer, converter or equivalent isolation device, or from a battery.,1.2.8.5hazardous voltage: A voltage exceeding 42,4 V peak, or 60 V d.c., existing in a circuit which does not meet the requirements for either a limited current circuit or TNV.,21/09/2024,page,20,1.2.8.7SELV circuit: A secondary circuit which is so designed and protected that, under normal and single fault conditions, its voltages do not exceed a safe value.,1.2.8.8limited current circuit: A circuit which is so designed and protected that, under both normal conditions and a likely fault condition, the current which can be drawn is not hazardous.,21/09/2024,page,21,1.2.8.9hazardous energy level: A stored energy level of 20 J or more, or an available continuous power level of 240 VA or more, at a potential of 2 V or more.,21/09/2024,page,22,1.2.9,Insulation,1.2.9.1Functional insulation: Insulation needed for the correct operation of the equipment.,Note - Functional insulation by definition does not protect against electric shock. It may, however, reduce the likelihood of ignition and fire.,21/09/2024,page,23,1.2.9.2basic insulation: Insulation to provide basic protection against electric shock.,1.2.9.3supplementary insulation: Independent insulation applied in addition to basic insulation in order to ensure protection against electric shock in the event of a failure of the basic insulation.,21/09/2024,page,24,1.2.9.4double insulation: Insulation comprising both basic insulation and supplementary insulation.,1.2.9.5reinforced insulation: A single insulation system which provides a degree of protection against electric shock equivalent to double insulation under the conditions specified in this standard.,21/09/2024,page,25,1.2.10,Creepage distances and clearances,1.2.10.1clearance: The shortest distance between two conductive parts, or between a conductive part and the bounding surface of the equipment, measured through air.,1.2.10.2creepage distance: The shortest path between two conductive parts, or between a conductive part and the bounding surface of the equipment, measured along the surface of the insulation.,21/09/2024,page,26,Part 2,Specific requirments for UPS,2.1,Insulation type for UPS,2.2,Battery requirement,Backfeed protection,2.4 Marking,2.5 Protection for service person,2.6 F,ire enclosure requirement,2.7 Main tests,21/09/2024,page,27,2.1.1Examples of insulation systems,Figure A.),Basic insulation,Supplementary insulation,21/09/2024,page,28,Figure B.,Basic insulation,to PE connected shielding,21/09/2024,page,29,Figure C, PCB layout of a class I switching power supply,21/09/2024,page,30,Figure D, shielding of secondary circuit with GND trace,PCB,21/09/2024,page,31,Figure E, slot inside the PCB between primary and secondary,21/09/2024,page,32,2.1.2Definition of functional insulation,Functional insulation is an insulation, which is needed for the correct operation of,the equipment.,e.g. functional insulation is applied between:,Sec - Sec;,Sec - GND,Prim - Prim,Functional insulation can be verified by the following three alternatives ways:,Electric strength test,Creepage and clearance,Short tests,21/09/2024,page,33,Hazardous voltages in secondary circuits should be evaluated differently. Hazardous voltages in secondary circuits with no sufficient insulation distances to SELV can be accepted by short tests. However, from hazardous secondary voltages to a none conductive outer surface of an enclosure, the distances for reinforced insulation according to the measured voltages should be maintained.,21/09/2024,page,34,2.1.3 Application of insulation requirements to the construction of a UPS,For a UPS, online or standby, parts accessible are in general the earthed enclosure and the o/p of a d-connector for an interface connection. As the o/p circuits of a d-connector are generally not earthed, these circuits have to meet the requirements for SELV. The i/p, o/p and, if battery voltages do exceed DC 60V, the battery circuits are considered to be circuits bearing hazardous voltages.,With the afore mentioned, a UPS, to meet the insulation requirements, can be constructed as follows:,21/09/2024,page,35,a) UPS,“,Insulation type,”,21/09/2024,page,36,A UPS of this insulation type can be constructed with:,reinforced insulation,between i/p-o/p circuits and the control,battery DC circuits with all components between these circuits,dimensioned accordingly. e.g.:,1.,i/p voltage detector,2.,inverter voltage sensor,3.,charger transformer,4. inverter transformer,5. photocoupler,6.,Relay (coil to contact),basic insulation,between the i/p,o/p circuits and earthed enclosure,21/09/2024,page,37,b) UPS,“,primary type,”,21/09/2024,page,38,A UPS of this insulation type can be constructed with:,functional insulation,between i/p-o/p circuits and battery control circuits,reinforced insulation,between the o/p of the d-connector and the control,circuits,basic insulation,between the i/p o/p circuits and earthed enclosure,21/09/2024,page,39,2.2) Requirements for batteries,The main differences between the EN 60 950-1 and the EN 62040-1-1:2003 are the inclusion of the requirements for the,batteries,in this UPS standard.).,With the EN 62040-1-1:2003 requirements for the batteries are given with the following subclauses:,21/09/2024,page,40,2.2.1 Marking and instruction for batteries,This clause specifies the following marking for a battery cabinet or,compartment:,Battery type and number of battery,Nominal voltage of total battery,Nominal capacity of total battery (optional),warning label denoting an energy or electrical shock and chemical hazard and reference to the maintenance handling and disposal requirements detailed in the following instructions.,21/09/2024,page,41,All these marking are to be affixed, if not else specified, on the battery compartment. Instructions shall be further given, to enable the replacement of the batteries with the appropriate battery type and to allow safe access to the battery by service personnel.,If the UPS is supplied from an external battery cabinet, further instruction should be given to define the cable sizes for the interconnection cable. These instructions must be listed the installation-service manual.,21/09/2024,page,42,2.2.2Overcurrent and earth fault protection for batteries.,Table I of this subclause specifies the necessary protection with one protection against overcurrent and earthfault for earthed batteries and two protective devices for unearthed batteries (in plus and minus pole).,Note: Battery charge voltage shall not exceed the specified value. (e.g. Upper limit of battery charger for 12V Lead-acid battery is 15Vd.c.),21/09/2024,page,43,2.2.3 Battery location,Under the assumption, that regulated valve lead acid batteries are used, the following requirements do apply:,Battery poles shall be easily accessible,A minimum protection degree of IP 20shall be provided for cabinets and compartments, The battery electrolyte temperature shall not exceed the range of -5,C to +55,C,A proper ventilation shall be provided so that any potential mixture of hydrogen and oxygen is dispersed safely below non-hazardous levels.,21/09/2024,page,44,As the emission of oxygen and hydrogen of valve regulated lead acid batteries is on a low level, the necessary ventilation can be generally assured with the cooling ventilation openings. To give an idea of which sizes the dimension of these openings shall be, on the following page a calculation is of given as an example.,21/09/2024,page,45,Technical data:,Battery voltage : 48V,Battery capacity : 14Ah,The formula to calculate the necessary ventilation is given with:,Q = ( 0.054 m,/Ah ) * n * I * C,Where:,Q : air flow in m,/Ah,n : number of battery cells,I : constant factor,Q = ( 0.054 m,/Ah ) * 24 * 0.2A/100Ah * 14Ah,Q = 0.036 m,/Ah,21/09/2024,page,46,With natural airflow, the necessary dimension for air inlet and air outlet apertures is given with:,A K1 * Q,Where:,K1 : constant factor under natural airflow conditions with,K1 = 28Ah * cm,/m,A : aperture in cm,A 28Ah * cm,/m,* 0.036 m,/Ah,A 1.01 cm, the dimension for inlet and outlet openings shall not be below 1.01 cm,As mentioned before, this size can be generally assured with the cooling ventilation holes.,21/09/2024,page,47,2.3)Backfeed protection,21/09/2024,page,48,However, if an earth fault occurs inside the UPS or in the connected load (Figure 3b), the inverter o/p voltage may also be hazardous between the line or neutral pin and earthed parts of the system, even with a single pole isolation relay.,21/09/2024,page,49,To prevent from the afore listed risks of hazards, the EN 62040-1-1:2003 requires the following: (5.1.4),A UPS intended to be connected with flexible cord and plug shall be provided with a backfeed protection to prevent potential risk of electric shock from being present on the main supply terminals during interruption of the utility input power. This protection shall act for any,single fault,.,The protection mentioned in 5.1.4 shall employ in all pole switching device having,air-gap,contacts according to the minimum clearances in secondary circuits given in table 2K/RD to the minimum creepage distance given in table 2L/RD to prevent a hazardous voltage appearing on the input terminals; such a protection shall act within the maximum time of 1s.,21/09/2024,page,50,For an inverter o/p voltage of 230V, the insulation distances are to be dimensioned for:,Creepage according to table 2L/RD with:,-2.5mm for basic insulation and,-5.0mm for double or reinforced insulation,Clearance according to table 2K/RD with:,-1.4mm for basic insulation and,-2.8mm for double or reinforced insulation.,21/09/2024,page,51,21/09/2024,page,52,To prevent hazards like electrical shock resulting from an emergency situation (fire, water), according to clause 5.1.5, the UPS shall be provided with an integral single Emergency Switching Device (or terminals for the connection of the remote emergency switching device).,This requirement is not mandatory for pluggable UPS.,21/09/2024,page,53,2.4.Markings/directions,The standard EN 62040-1-1:2003 requires several markings and statements and safety instructions. These are listed below with the appropriate sub-clauses:,21/09/2024,page,54,2.4.1 Markings for power rating:,rated voltage (V) or rated voltage range,rated frequency (Hz) or rated frequency range,rated current (A),number of phases (1-3),output rated active power (W or KW),output rated apparent power (VA or KVA),stored energy time in min. or h.(optional),manufacturers name,model designation,Note:,标示不可置于可取下的物品上, 须清晰持久.,21/09/2024,page,55,2.4.2 The following safety instructions for the installation/users manual are required:,the manufacturer shall provide the user with guidance,on the level competence necessary for installation.,For any pluggable type A or B equipment and with already installed batteries this level must be defined with:,“,Operator installable,”,(German wording:,“,Installierbar durch den Betreiber,”,),21/09/2024,page,56,For any equipment with permanent connection to the mains or equipment with batteries not installed when delivered to the user. This level would be defined with:,“,Service personnel installable,”,(,German wording:,“,Installierbar durch Elektrofachkr,fte,”,),21/09/2024,page,57,The user shall be provided with the guidance on,the level of competence,necessary to operate the equipment as:,“,The equipment can be operated by any individuals with no,previous experience,”,(,German wording:,“,Bedienung durch jederman ohne,Vorkenntnisse,”,),Or,“,This equipment can only be operated by individuals with,previous training,”,(,German wording:,“,Bedienung nur durch unterwiesene,Personen,”,),21/09/2024,page,58,When the disconnect device is not incorporated in the equipment or when the plug on the power supply cord is intended to serve as the disconnect device, the installation shall further state:,For permanently connected equipment:,“,A easily accessible disconnect device shall be incorporated,in the fixed wiring,”,(,German wording:,“,Eine leicht zug,ngliche Trennvorrichtung mu,im Versorgungsstromkreis vorhanden sein,”,),For pluggable equipment:,“,the socket-outlet shall be installed near the equipment and easily,accessible,”,(,German wording:,“,Die steckdose mu,nahe dem Ger,t angebracht,und leicht zug,nglich sein,”,),21/09/2024,page,59,If the equipment is intended to be permanent connected to the mains,and without automatic backfeed-protection, a direction in the,installation manual shall be given to affix warning label during,installation on all primary power isolators remote from the UPS area.,The direction in the user manual should have the following contents:,On all primary power isolators remote from the UPS area the,following warning label is to affix:,“,Isolate Uninterruptible Power Supply before working on the,Circuit,”,(,German wording:,“,An allen au,erhalb der USV vorgelagerten,Trennschaltern ist ein Warnschild mit folgendem Wortlaut,anzubringen:,“,Vor Beginn der Arbeiten an dieser Anlage,USV-Einspeisung abschalten,”,21/09/2024,page,60,Due to the not known leakage current of the to the UPS connected equipment, the following applies:,for equipment connected to the mains with plug type A the following statement should be listed in the installation manual:,“With the installation of this equipment it should be prevented, that the sum,of the leakage current of the UPS an the connected consumer dose not,exceed 3.5mA”,(,German wording: “ bei der Installation dieses Gertes ist darauf zu,achten, da,die Summe der Ableitstme der USV und der,angeschlossene