人教版高中英语必修四第四单元Bodylanguage知识点讲解

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,人教版高中英语必修四 第四单元 Body language 知识点讲解,一、单词识记,1. _,n.,磁带,2. _,n.,食堂,3. _,n.,飞机；航班,4. _,n.,面颊,5. _,n.,等级；军衔,rank,cassette,canteen,flight,cheek,6. _,n.,宿舍,7. _,vi.,猛冲；突进,8. _,v.,迎接；问候,9. _,vt.,代表；象征,10. _,v.,拥抱,hug,dormitory,dash,greet,represent,11. _,vi.,打呵欠,12. _,adj.,错误的；假的,13. _,n.,成人,adj.,成熟的,14. _,n.,作用,vi.,起作用,15. _,v.& n.,接近；走近,approach,yawn,false,adult,function,二、单词拓展 (A)单词派生,1. _,vt.,联想, 联合,n.,伙伴, 同事,_,n.,社团；联系；联想,2. _,adj.,好奇的,_,adv.,好奇地,_,n.,好奇心,curiosity,associate,association,curious,curiously,3. _,v.,谈话，讲话,_,n.,发言,_,adj.,口语的,speak,speech,spoken,4. _,n.,防御，保卫,_,v.,防御，保卫,_,adj.,防御的，保卫的,defensive,defence,defend,5. _,n.,脸; 表面,_,adj.,面部的,6. _,n.,安逸; 舒适,vt.,减轻,_,adj.,舒适的；容易的,easy,face,facial,ease,5._,v.,主修,_,n.,大多数, 大部分,majority,major,6. _,v.,代表，象征,_,n.,代表,adj.,典型的, 有代表性的,representative,represent,(B) 灵活运用 用所给词的适当形式填空。,1. Children show_ (curious) about everything.,1. 名词作宾语。,2. He was the queens _ (represent) at the ceremony.,2. 在所有格后用名词。,representative,curiosity,3. Its said that our headmaster will give us a _(speak) at the meeting.,3. 名词作宾语。,4. They had a large_ (major) over the other party at the last election.,4. 名词作宾语。,majority,speech,5. All our officers are trained _ (defensive) ourselves against knife attack.,5. 不定式表示目的。,to defend,三、短语翻译,1. _ 背对,2. _ 很可能,; 有希望,3. _ 总的来说; 通常,4. _ 舒适; 快活; 自由自在,5. _ 丢脸,lose face,turn ones back to,be likely to,in general,at ease,6. _,保卫以免受,7. _,靠近,8. _ 相反,9. _ 向某人介绍,10. _ 面部表情,facial expression,defend against,move close to,on the contrary,introduce sb. to sb.,四、课文回顾,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。,Your director has sent you to meet business people at Pudong Airport. 1_ are visitors coming from several countries, who are interested in the development of business in China. They are from Europe, North America，South America and Asia.,They,They will be meeting at a major hotel 2 _ local business people and people 3_ represent the Chinese government. Four people enter looking around 4 _ a curious way. You do not want to disappoint your boss，and this is an 5_ (excite) experience for you，So you stand watching and 6_ (listen).,with,who,in,exciting,listening,The first person who arrives is Mr. Garcia from Columbia, closely 7_ (follow) by Julia Smith from Britain. You introduced them to each other，and are surprised by 8_ you see. Mr. Garcia approaches Ms Smith, 9_ (touch) her shoulder and kisses her on 10 _ cheek.,followed,what,touches,the,五、课文概要,以约30个词概括课文内容要点。,Yesterday the author went to Capital Airport to welcome the international students and discovered that not all of them greeted similarly. Therefore， studying international customs can help avoid communicating problems in cross-cultures.,【归纳总结】,represent,1)vt. 代表；描绘；表现，体现，象征；声称，宣称；说明,2) represent sth 代表某物,3)represent sb as/to be宣称某人为 4)represent sth to sb 向某人说明某事；向某人传达某事,5)represent sth/sb as sth/sb 把描绘成,1. represent,vt.,代表，象征,运用,根据汉语意思完成句子。, 她代表同学们出席了这次学校会议。,She _ at the school meeting., 我代表学校给您打电话。,_to call you.,represented her classmates,I represent our school,同步答案,.,represented our class,represents railways,represent Chinese traditional,culture,(3),2 curious,adj.,好奇的，求知的，古怪的,(1) be curious about.对,感到好奇,be curious to do sth. 极想做某事,Its curious that.,很反常，,真奇怪,(2)curiosity,n,. 好奇心，求知欲；奇物,from/out of curiosity 出于好奇,meet/satisfy ones curiosity满足某人的好奇心,with curiositycuriously好奇地,He,was very curious about,the people who lived upstairs.,他对住在楼上的人感到好奇。,The reporter,whether the official is involved in the case.,这个记者很想知道那位官员是否涉及此案。,he didnt tell you.,他没有告诉你， 实在反常。,Just to satisfy my,， how much did you pay for your car？,我只是出于好奇， 请问你买这辆车花了多少钱？,is curious to know,Its curious that,curiosity,同步答案,4）Curiously enough.,5),C,A,6),3.The first person to arrive,was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.（Page 26）,第一个到达的是从哥伦比亚来的托尼加西亚，紧随其后的是英国的朱莉娅史密斯。,the first+名词+to do第一个做,动词不定式作定语,(1)动词不定式作定语要放在所修饰的名词或者代词的后面。,(2)当名词被first，second, last.以及形容词的最高级,或者only等修饰时，其后可用不定式作定语。,He was the best man,to do the job,.,他是做这项工作的最好人选。,Id like to buy an expensive camera.,Well, we have several models_.,A. to choose from B. to chooseC. to be chosen,She is looking for a room,to live in,.,她在寻找一间房子住。,(2)如果不定式是一个不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等时，不定式后面要有必要的介词。,Give me a piece of paper,to write on,.,给我一张纸写字。,3 同步答案,7）B,8) B,A.，followed by B,B., following A,A在前 B 在后,原句,Tony,approached,Julia, touched her shoulder and kissed her on the cheek. 他们走近朱莉叶, 摸摸她的肩, 亲亲她的脸。(B4P26),例句,Silently we,approached,the mountain village.我们静悄悄地朝那个小山村走去。,4. approach,v.,接近, 靠近,n.,接近，,方法,(,后接,to),1 ）The best,approach to,learning a foreign language is the study of the spoken language.,学习外语最好的,途径,是学口语。,2）With the,approach,of spring，the weather is getting warmer and warmer,随着春天的,临近,，天气变得越来越暖和。,3）All the,approaches to,the airport were blocked by the police.,所有的,通往机场的路,都被警察封锁了。,4）The time for graduation is approaching.,毕业的日子即将来临。,运用, She thought of a new,approach,to solve the problem.,（词性_；词义_）, As I,approached,the house, I noticed a light on upstairs.,（词性_；词义_）,走近；靠近,n.,v.,方法；途径,(3) 我喜欢她解决问题的方法。,I like her _ the problem.,approach to,同步答案,9） A,10) B,11) A考查名词的区别。该题的意思是：这个体系被设计目的是为了给学生们快速的容易的使用图书馆电子资源的机会。,Access to的意思是：接近或使用某物的机会或权利。,由以上分析可知正确答案为A。approach的意思是方法，不符合语境。,5 同步答案,12）to leave,(as if he was going to leave),13) to welcome her,6.,major _ n. 大多数，大部分，大多数人,【观察思考】,adj,.,1) This is a major road.,2) Water,plays a major role in,our life.,n.,Her,major,is History.,vi.,She,majored in,English at Shandong University.,【归纳总结】,1）adj. 主要的，重要的，大的,play a major role in sth,在某事中起重要作用,2）n. 主修课程，专业课,3）v. 主修,major in sth,主修（=specialize in sth ） major on sth 专门研究（课题、文体等）,majority,【巩固运用】,1）这是一家大跨国公司。,This is a major international company.,2）Never mind its not major.,别担心这不严重。,3）他在大学主修法语。,He majored in French when he was at university.,4）The majority _ in favor of banning smoking.,A. are B. is C. should being D. A or B,6 同步答案,14）major in,15) Majoring in,16) major,7 同步答案,17）ran crying,18) A,dash at random 横冲直撞,Because he was caught in the fire ,he dashed at random,dash into + 地点 冲进某地,dash for 向.冲去,dash to do sth 急奔去做某事,8,Not,_,all,_,cultures,greet each other the same way,nor,_,are,_,they,comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people. 各种文化背景下人们互致问候的方式不尽相同，身体接触和相互间距离的程度也并不一样。,(1)not all.是部分否定,，,与 not构成部分否定的词还有：both, every, everyone, everywhere, everybody, everything, always, entirely, wholly, altogether,。,Not every student passed the exam.并非所有的学生都通过了考试,。,Not all of us can speak English.并非我们都会说英语,。,提示：,表示全部否定的词有：,none, nobody, neither, never, nothing, nowhere, no one, not at all,。,(2)本句后半句是 nor 引起的倒装句,，,nor 位于句首时,，,句子需要部分倒装,。,She doesnt like dance, nor does her sister.她不喜欢跳舞,，,她姐姐也不喜欢,。,归纳拓展：,含有否定意义的词置于句首往往引起部分倒装：,含有否定意义的副词放在句首,，如：,not, never, seldom, hardly, rarely, little,等。,Never before has our country been as united as it is today.,我们国家从没像现在这样团结。,含有否定意义的连词置于句首，如：,neither.nor, no sooner.than., scarcely.when., hardly.when.,等。,No sooner had he left home than it began to rain.,他一出家门天就开始下雨。,含有否定意义的介词短语置于句首,，如：,by no means, in no case, on no account,等。,On no account must you accept any money against your conscience.,kn()ns,你无论如何不能违背自己的,良心,而得到钱财。,即境活用,(2008辽宁卷),Bill wasnt happy about the delay of the report by John, and _.A,I was neither Bneither was IC,I was either Deither was I,答案：B,解析：考查,neither,用于句首，倒装。,9 . likely/probable/possible(1)likely 强调表面上看来有可能,，与 probable 意思接近，,有时可以互换,，,但 likely 常暗示从表面迹象来判断,。,常用句型：Sth./Sb. be likely to do.It is likely that.(2)probable 表示有几分根据的推测,，,比 possible 表示的可能性大,。,换句话说,，,probable的“有可能”,，,是指有实际的依据或逻辑上合乎情理,。,常用句型：It is probable that.,(3)possible 表示客观上潜在的可能性,，,也许实际发生的可能性并不大,。,常用句型：It is possible (for sb.) to do sth.It is possible that.sth. is possibleas quickly/much/soon.as possible,应用,(1)It is _ that it will rain, but with such a blue sky it doesnt seem _.(2)The weather is _ to be fine.(3)It is _ for us to get from Beijing to Tianjin in less than an hour.,possible,probable,likely,possible,10. in general=generally 总的来说; 通常,原句,In general,though, studying international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in todays world of cultural crossroads!总的说来, 在当今文化交融的世界, 学习不同国家的习俗肯定能帮助我们避免交往中的困难。(B4 P26),例句,In general, I agree with you.总的来说, 我同意你的看法。,in general 总的来说；通常as a general rule 一般而言；通常，总之generally speaking 一般而言Its generally believed that. 普遍认为,运用,指出下列句中in general的意思。, Women live longer than men,in general,., The class are,in general, very bright.,通常,总的说来,avoid vt.避免；消除,联想拓展,You should avoid being late for your class.,你不要误了上课。,I tried to avoid answering him.,我设法避免回答他的问题。,补充,1 . in defence (of)防卫；保卫,原句,She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if in defence. 她后退几步, 看上去有些吃惊,并举起了手, 好像是在自卫。(B4P26),例句,They decided to fight,in defence of,their country.他们决心为保卫祖国而战。,拓展: defendfrom/against 保卫以免受,即学即练1,。,(2)We need some lawyers to _.我们需要几个律师为我们辩护,。,(3)We should _ the child _ harm.我们要保护这孩子不受伤害,。,(4)Their duty is to _ the country _ its enemies.他们的职责就是保卫国家抵御敌人(入侵),。,prevent,defending,defend us,defend,from,defend,against,运用,填入一个恰当的词或完成句子。, She had to defend herself _ the guard dog., The duty of a soldier is to_ _ (保卫国家).,against,defend,his country,2,ease n. 安逸；舒适vt. 减轻(痛苦、忧虑),at ease 舒适，,快活,，,自由自在with ease 轻易地,，,毫不费力地feel/look at ease 感到/看上去心情放松put/set sb. at ones ease 使某人放松,、,松弛take ones ease 休息,，,轻松一下,即学即练6,(1)The medicine _.这种药镇痛,。,(3)He passed the examination _.他轻松地通过了考试,。,(4)I never feel completely _ with him.我跟他在一起总感到不是很自在,。,eased the pain,of ease,with ease,at ease,原句,In the same way that people communicate with spoken language, they also,express,their feelings,using unspoken “language” through physical distance, actions or posture.用口头语言交流的同时, 人们还使用不出声的语言身体间的距离、动作和姿态等, 来表达感情。(B4 P26),5. express,vt.,表达; 表示,n.,快车; 快递,例句,Words can not,express my feelings,.,语言无法表达我的情感。,express oneself 表达自己的思想(观点或感情等),give expression to 表达,运用,根据汉语意思完成句子。,请用特快寄这封信。,Please send this letter_.,那首歌表达了人民对祖国深厚的爱。,The song gives _ the deep love of the people for their motherland.,by express,expression to,6. be similar to 与相似,原句: Did any students have,similar,greeting customs? 有学生有类似的问候习惯吗?(B4P27),例句: My experience,is,quite,similar to,yours. 我的经历与你的十分相似。,运用,根据汉语意思完成句子。, 所有的大城市都大同小异。,All big cities,_., 他的帽子和我的差不多。,His hat,_.,are quite similar,is similar to mine,原句,Not all cultures greet each other the same way,nor are,they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.各种文化背景下的人互致问候的方式不尽相同, 身体接触和相互间距的程度也并不一样。(B4P26),1. nor/neither+助动词/情态动词/be+主语 表示前面所述的否定情况也适合于后者,例句,He doesnt like English,nor do,I. 他不喜欢英语, 我也不喜欢。,仿写 根据汉语意思完成英文句子。, 如果你不想去, 我也不想去。,If you dont want to go, _ _.,will I,neither/nor, 我不喜欢住在闹市区, 她也不喜欢。,I do not like living downtown _ _., 他不能做, 我也不能, 你也不能, 任何人都不能。,He cant do it, _, nor can you，_ .,nor can anybody,and nor/,neither does she,nor can I,原句,This actions are,not,good or bed,but,are simply ways in which cultures have developed.这些行为没有什么优劣之分, 只是文化发展的方式不同而已。(SB p26),2. notbut,不是 而是,仿写,根据汉语意思完成英文句子。,他不是美国人, 而是英国人。,He is not American, but British.,例句,She is,not,beautiful,but,honest. 她不美丽, 但很诚实。,原句,American countries approach others closely and,are more likely to,touch them.美洲国家的人会站在离别人很近的地方, 而且可能会接触对方。,例句,Dont worry. He,is likely to,get in touch with you.别担心, 他很有可能会和你联系。,3.,be likely to do,很可能, 有希望,运用,根据汉语意思完成英文句子。,(1) 他们可能会同意你的想法。,(1) They are likely to agree with your idea.,(2) 天气很有可能会下雨。,(2) It is likely to rain.,难句结构分析,原句,They shook hands and then kissed each other twice on each cheek, since that is the French custom when adults meet people they know. 两个人握了握手，然后在对方的面颊上吻了两下。因为在通常情况下，法国成年人见到熟人就是这么做的。(P26 B4),分析,句中since引导一个原因状语从句，that是从句的主语，指代上文即主句的内容；在该从句中when引导一个_从句，在这个从句中they know是一个_ 从句，修饰people。,定语,时间状语,1. 昨天在大街上行走时, 凯特,没有,和我讲话,我也没有,和她讲话。,Yesterday while walking on the street, Kate didnt speak to me,nor did I.,2. 她的性格和我,很相似,。,2. Her personality,is similar to,mine.,3.,不是,我做错了事,而是,她心情不好。,3. It was,not,that I did something wrong,but,that she was in a bad mood.,4. 后来我试图,靠近,凯特, 她却背对着我。,4. I tried to,move close to,Kate later, but she,turned her back to,me.,5.,很可能,她生我的气了,。,It was likely that,she was angry with me.,6.,这让我,感到,很不,自在,。,This made me feel not,at ease,.,7.,我不在乎, 还决定随时,保护她,。,I didnt care and decided to,defend,her at any time.,1. 昨天在大街上行走时, 凯特,没有,和我讲话,我也没有,和她讲话。2. 她的性格和我,很相似,。,3.,不是,我做错了事,而是,她心情不好。,4. 后来我试图,靠近,凯特, 她却背对着我,5.,很可能,她生我的气了。,6. 这让我,感到,很不,自在,。,7. 我不在乎, 还决定随时,保护她,。,合并:,Yesterday while walking on the street, Kate didnt speak to me ,nor did I,.,This was because her personality,was similar to,mine and it was,not,that I did something wrong,but,that she was in a bad mood.,I tried to,move close to,Kate later, but she,turned her back to,me.,It was likely that,she was angry with me which made me,feel not at ease,. Still I didnt care and decided to,defend,her at any time.,一、语法填空,Language learning begins with listening. Some linguists say children are greatly different in the amount of listening 1 _ they do before they start speaking, and later starters are often long listeners.,1. 引导定语从句修饰前面的listening。,that,Most children 2 _ (obey) spoken instructions some time before they can speak, though the word “obey” is hardly accurate 3 _ a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by children.,2. 根据句意用将来时态。,3. 此处意为“作为”。,will obey,as,Before 4 _ can speak, many children will also ask questions by gestures and by making questioning noises.,Any attempt to study the development from 5 _ noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties.,4. 指后面的many children。,5. 根据其所接的定语从句可知是特指。,they,the,It is agreed that they enjoy 6 _ (make) noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves as particularly expressive as delight, pain, friendliness, and so on. But since these cant be said to show the babys 7 _ (intend) to communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language.,6. 根据前面的enjoy的用法可知。,7. 名词作宾语。,making,intention,It is agreed, too, 8 _ from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new words 9 _ their store.,8. 引导主语从句。,9. 根据前面的add的用法可知。,that,to,This self-imitation (模仿) contributes to deliberate imitation of sounds or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can 10 _ (consider) as speech.,10. 由主语可知用被动语态。,be considered,二、阅读理解,技巧点拨,推断短语和句子的意思，跟推断单词的意思一样, 可以根据前后的因果关系、对比关系、转折关系、递进关系等逻辑关系来判断，但更重要的是要善于根据上下文的内容，结合语境理解某个短语的具体含义或某个句子的深层含义。,注意：字面意义往往不是要选的答案, 考查的往往是隐含意义。,推断短语或句子的意思,即时练习,Societies all over the world name places in similar ways. Quite often there is no official naming ceremony but places tend to be called names as points of reference by people. Then an organized body steps in and gives the place a name. Frequently it happens that a place has two names: One is named by the people and the other by the government. As in many areas, old habits,die hard, and the place continues to be called by its unofficial name long after the meaning is lost.,(),1. What does the underlined phrase “die hard” probably mean?,A. Change suddenly.,B. Change significantly.,C. Disappear mysteriously.,D. Disappear very slowly.,D 由本句句意可知, 特别是in many areas和long after the meaning is lost等关键字眼,以及die这个词本身的意思, 可以推断是“慢慢消失”的意思。,When monkey-pox, a disease usually found in the African rain forest, suddenly turns up in children in the American Midwest, its hard not to wonder if the disease that comes from foreign animals is homing in on human beings.,“Laws allowing these animals to be brought in from deep forest areas without stricter control need changing,” says Peter Schantz. Monkey-pox may be,the wake-up c,all,.,(),2. What does the phrase “the wake-up call” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?,Researchers believe infected animals may infect their owners. We know very little about these new diseases. ,A. a new disease B. a clear warning,C. a dangerous animal D. a morning call,B。由上文可知“猴痘是通常在非洲热带雨林里的动物身上才有的疾病, 现在突然出现在人类身上”，有人建议要修改相关法律, 为什么？因为猴痘给人类来带了“一种明确的警示”：有病的宠物可能会传染主人, 而人类对这样的疾病知之甚少。本小题也可直接根据构词法来猜测。,Not all of Moms advice passed the test of medical studies. For example, generations of children have been told not to go swimming within an hour after eating. But research suggests that there is no danger in doing so.,Even though science can tell us that some of our traditional beliefs dont,hold water,there is still a lot of truth in the old wives tales. After all, much of this knowledge has been accumulated (积累) from thousands of years of experience in family health care.,(),3. The phrase “hold water” in the last paragraph most probably means “_”.,A. to be believable B. to be valuable,C. to be admirable D. to be suitable,A 由there is still a lot of truth(依然有很大的可信度)可知, 前面是讲“尽管有的传统信念是不可信的(dont hold water)”。,I am a writer. I spend a great deal of my time thinking about the power of languagethe way it can evoke (唤起) an emotion, a visual image, a complex idea, or a simple truth.,Language is the tool of my trade,.,And I use them allall the Englishes I grew up with.,(),A. she uses English in foreign trade,B. she is fascinated by languages,C. she works as a translator,D. she is a writer by profession,4. By saying “Language is the tool of my trade”, the author means that _.,D 联想首句可知“语言是我谋生的工具”的含义是“我是一位专业作家”。,So far scientists have focused mainly on public buildings. “We have a very limited number of studies, so,were almost looking at the problem through a straw (吸管),”,architect David Allison says. “How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad, generalized use of them? Thats what were all struggling with.”,(),A. the problem is not approached step by step,B. the researches so far have faults in themselves,C. the problem is too difficult for researchers to detect,D. research in this area is not enough to make generalized patterns,5. The underlined sentence in the last paragraph probably means that _.,D 由因果关系可知, 因为我们研究有限, 所以还不足以广泛应用。,Thank You !,【词语辨析】approach, way, means, method, manner,approach指从事某事的特别方法、途径。,way指做事的方法、方式，也可以泛指思想方法、生活方式等。,means 指为达到某种目的或目标而采取的方法、手段或途径等,method指一个详细的、逻辑有序的计划，或系统的,具有一定理论性的方法，强调有条理和高效率。,manner指的是行动或步骤具有个性和独特性的方法，主要表示个人喜欢采用的方式。,同类辨析 approach，way，metho