八年级下册英语知识点复习

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2014-6-12,#,八年级英语,短语、知识点复习,keep,keep sth+adj(,形容词,),使某物保持,状态,keep sb doing sth,让某人做某事,keep on doing sth,继续做某事,keep sth for +,时间段：借,/,保存某物（多长时间）,be/keep in good health=keep fit/healthy,保持健康,keep (sb./sth.) out,不让,进入,keep off,不要踩踏,keep up with,赶上、不落后,keep a diary,坚持写日记,keep watch,守望,keep sth down,阻止,/,控制,/,降低,fall,fall behind,落后,fall down,落下、跌倒,fall off,从,落下,fall asleep,入睡,fall in love with,爱上,穿,put on,穿，强调穿的动作,wear,穿，强调穿的状态,be in,穿，后接颜色词,dress,穿，后常接反身代词,hundred,num.+hundred,几百。前有具体数字时，用单数。,hundreds of,许多，大量。与,of,连用时，用复数,发生,take place,发生（经过事先安排好的）,happen,发生（偶然发生）,sth happen to sb(,某人发生什么事,),happen to do sth (,人作主语,),花费,pay,pay for:,支付,/,为,付款（人作主语）,(pay some money for sb,给某人付钱,),pay off,赔偿,spend,spend on sth,在某件事上花费钱（人作主语）,spend (in) doing sth,花费时间或金钱做某事（人作主语）,spend with sb,花费时间和某人在一起（人作主语）,cost,花费（物作主语）,take,花费（,It,作为形式主语）,借,borrow sth from sb,从某人那里借某物,lend sth to sb,把某物借给某人,keep sth for+,一段时间 借某物一段时间,ask,ask sb for,征询某人的意见向某人要某物,ask sb to do sth,叫某人干某事,ask sb not to do sth,叫某人不要干某事,ask for trouble,自找麻烦,ask for leave,请假,ask after,探询、询问,太多,/,太,too many,太多 后接可数名词复数,too much,太多 后接不可数名词,much too,太,后接形容词或副词,take,take off,起飞,take away,拿走,take out,取出,take sb/sth to,把某人带到某处,take it easy,别担心,take place,发生,take sb. to sp.,把某人带到某处,take sth to sp.,把某物带到某处去,take care of=look after,照顾,take good care of=look afterwell,好好照顾,take care,小心,take an interest in=be interested in,对,感兴趣,take a ride=go for a drive,兜风,take a holiday=go on vacation,度假,take part in,参加,take turns to do sth,按顺序做某事,take a photo=take photos,照相,stop,stop to do sth,停下来做另外的事,stop doing sth,停止（正在）做某事,stop sb (from)doing sth,阻止某人做某事,hear,hear about/of,听说,hear sb out,听完某人的话,hear from sb,收到某人的来信,=get/receive a letter from sb,get,get over,克服,get up,起床,get off,下车,get on,上车,get home/there/here,到家,/,那里,/,这里,get nervous,感到紧张,get an education,接受教育,get injured,受到伤害,get to=arrive at/in=reach,到达,get out of the bathroom,从浴室里出来,get mad,生气,get bored,厌烦,get warm,变暖,get on well with,与,相处的好,get along,相处,turn,turn on,打开,turn off,关闭,turn up,开大,turn down,关小,so/such:,如此,用法如下：,such+,形容词,+,不可数名词；,such a/an+,形容词,+,可数名词单数；,such+,形容词,+,可数名词复数。,so+,形容词,+a/an+,单数名词；,so+,形容词,+,不可数名词或可数名词复数；,so many/much/few/little+,名词,一点儿,a little,一点儿（修饰不可数名词和形容词）,a bit,一点儿（后接形容词）,a bit of,一点儿（后接不可数名词）,put,put out,熄灭,put on,穿上,put off,下车,put up,挂起、张贴,put down,放下,end,end up=be over,结束,in the end=at last,最后,at the end of,在,结束时,look,look after=take care of,照顾,look through,浏览,look forward to doing sth,期待做某事,look out=be careful=watch out,小心,look over,仔细检查,look like,看起来像,look the same,看起来同样的,look up (in the dictionary),查字典,some/time,sometimes=at times,有时,sometime,将来的某个时候,some time,一段时间,some times,几次,记得,/,忘记,remember to do sth,记住做某事,remember doing sth,记住做过某事,forget to do sth,忘记做某事,forget doing sth,忘记做过某事,leave sth +,某地 把某物忘在某处,give,give away,赠送、分发,give back,归还,give in,屈服,give up,放弃,help,with the help of sb.=with ones help,在,.,的帮助下,help sb with sth,在某方面帮助某人,help sb (to)do sth,帮助某人做某事,help oneself to sth,随便吃,kind,a kind of,一种,all kinds of,各种各样的,several kinds of,几种,many different kinds of,许多不同种类的,除了,besides,除,以外（包括在内）,except,除,以外（不包括在内）,give,give some suggestions,给一些建议,give sb sth=give sth to sb,把某物给某人,give away,赠送；分发,例如,such as,例如，后接单词或词组,for example,例如，后接句子,分数的表达方法,分子用基数词，分母用序数词,分子为,1,时，分母用单数；分子大于,1,时，分母用复数,特殊的：,a half,一半,a quarter,四分之一,three quarters,四分之三,Its time,Its time for sth,该是做某事的时间,Its time to do sth,该是做某事的时间,Its time for sb to do sth.,该是某人做某事的时间,return,return=give back,归还,(,某物,),return=come back,返回来,return sth to sb,把某物归还给某人,send,send sb to do sth,派遣某人做某事,send for sb,派人去请某人,send up,发射,send sb to,把某人送到某处,send sb sth=send sth to sb,把某物寄给某人,call,call the police,报警,call sb up,给某人打电话,pass,pass sth to sb=pass sb sth,把某物递给某人,pass on,传递,pass sth. onto sb.,把某物递给某人,compare,comparewith,把,和,比较,compareto,把,比作,seem,seem like,好像，似乎,seem to do sth,好像做某事,seem to be,好像是,It seems +that,从句 看来好像,It seems as if,看起来好像,make,make sb do sth,使某人做某事,be made from,由,组成（化学变化）,be made of,由,组成（物理变化）,make friends with sb,与某人交朋友,make sb feel sick,使某人感到恶心,make a living (by doing sth.),谋生,make new friends,交新朋友,make room for sb,给某人腾出地方,make a list,列举清单,make dinner,做晚餐,make sb sth=make sth for sb,给某人制作某物,make (great) progress,取得,(,巨大的,),进步,make fun of sb= play a joke on sb,同某人开玩笑,make a lot of money,赚钱,go,go back to,返回到,go shopping,购物,go to college,上大学,go into,进入,go skating,去滑冰,think,think about,思考，认为,think over,仔细考虑,leave,leave for+,某地 离开去某地,leave sth+,某地 把某物忘在某地,leave school,毕业,enjoy/practice/mind/finish/keep,后接动词,ing,形式,love doing sth,喜欢做某事,动名词,(+ing,）作主语时，谓语动词用单数,as,asas possible,尽可能,的,asas one can,尽可能,的,as well as,与,一样好,不但,而且,相当于,not onlybut also,as well,也，用于肯定句句末，不用逗号隔开。,stand,stand (doing) sth,忍受,(,做,),某事,cant stand (doing) sth.,不能忍受,(,做,),某事,stand for,代表,allow,allow doing sth,允许做某事,allow sb to do sth,允许某人做某事,shout,shout at sb,对某人大声吼叫（带有责备的语气）,shout to sb.,想某人喊叫,run,run away,逃跑,run out of,用完,agree,agree with sb,同意某人的意见,agree to do sth,同意做某事,agree on sth,与,达成一致意见,disagree,不同意,disagree with,不同意（某人意见）,比较级,/,最高级,one of the+,最高级,+,名词复数,之一,（作主语时，谓语动词用单数）,less little,的比较级，后接不可数名词,fewer few,的比较级，后接可数名词的复数,least litte,的最高级,at least,至少,more,many/much,的比较级 后既可跟可数名词，也可跟不可数名词。,more,用在数词之后，表示又、再,more than=over,超过,no more=notany more,不再,no longer=notany longer,不再,the most unusual hobby,最不寻常的爱好,the more,the more,越,越,more and more+,形容词 越来越,er,other,others=other +,名词 其它的,onethe other,一个,另一个, (,指两个,),the others,剩下的,someothers,一些,另一些,other,别的、其它的。用在名词之前,else,别的、其它的。用在疑问词和不定代词之后,another,another,另外一个（三个或三个以上中的另外一个）。后接单数名词,another+,基数词,+,名词复数： 另外几个,either,也，用于否定句的句末,指两者中的任何一个,eitheror,或者,或者,neither,后接单数名词，两者都不。,neither of+,作主语时，谓语动词用单数。,neither/either,Me neither=,Neither have I,我也是 （否定句）,me too=,so have I,我也是（肯定句）,neithernor,既不,也不,连接两个主语时，谓语动词在数的方面与,nor,后面的主语保持一致。,eitheror,或者,或者,连接两个主语时，谓语动词在数的方面与,or,后面的主语保持一致。,so,前后两个肯定句，意思相同，只是主语不同，第二个句子常常采用：,so+be,动词,/,助动词,/,情态动词,+,主语。,neither,前后两个否定句，意思相同，只是主语不同，第二个句子常常采用：,neither+be,动词,/,助动词,/,情态动词,+,主语。,alone/lonely,alone=by oneself,单独、独自,lonely,孤独、寂寞,in,in peoples homes,在人们的家里,in the future,在将来,fill in,填写,in front of,在,前面,in more recent times,在较近的年代,in more recent history,在较近的历史中,in history,在历史上,in modern American history,在现代美国历史上,live in,居住在,in+,一段时间：用于将来时,after+,一段时间：用于过去时,in the barbers chair,在理发师的椅子上,in silence,默默地,in space,在太空中,in fact,实际上,in class,在课堂上,wait in line,排队等候,cut in line,插队,in public,在公共场合,be in danger,处于危险中,let sb in/out,让某人进,/,出,be in,在家,be out,不在家,/,出门了,in different ways,用不同的方法,in style,时尚,out of style,过时,in the day =during the daytime,在白天,at,at this time,在 这时,by noon,直到中午时,at noon,在中午,stay at home,呆在家,at the party,在聚会上,be at a meeting,在开会,at home,在家,at the train station,在火车站,laugh at,嘲笑,at night,在晚上,on,on computers,通过电脑,on paper,on weekdays=during the week,在周内,on weekends,在周末,on the phone,在电话上,on vacation,度假,on the one handon the other hand,一方面,另一方面,on this day,在这一天,on the moon,在月球上,on the earth,在地球上,on ones seventh birthday,在某人七岁生日时,on ones way (to) sp.,在去某地的路上,on stage,在舞台上,on board,在国外,/,在船上,复合词,a six-year-old child,一个六岁的孩子,an eight-year-old child,一个八岁的孩子,an English-speaking country,一个说英语的国家,all,not all,并不是所有的,all over the world=in the world=around the world,全世界,Thats all,就这些,first of all=at first,首先,all the time=always,一直，总是,all the five hours =the whole five hours,整整五个小时,all day=the whole day,整整一天,not at all,一点儿也不,all age groups,所有年龄段的人,all year round,全年,相同,/,不同,be different from=be not the same as,与,不同,be the same as,与,一样,do the same things as,与,做同样的事情,the same age as,与,一样的年龄,找,find out,找出；调查出（有调查的意思）,find,找到（强调找的结果）,look for,寻找（强调找的过程）,看,see sb doing sth,看见某人正在做某事,see sb to do sth,看见某人做某事（全过程）,see,看见。感官动词，类似的有,:watch/find/feel/hear,look:,看，作为系动词，后接形容词,look like,看起来像,look at sth.,看着,be like,像,一样,look terrible,看起来可怕,也,also,也，用于句中,too,也，用于肯定句句末。,太，后接形容词,/,副词,（不）擅长,be good at,擅长于,be good for,对,有益,do well in,在某方面好,have,have a good time=have a great time=have a wonderful time=enjoy oneself=have fun,玩得开心,have fun doing sth,愉快的做某事,have a party,举行聚会,have a surprise party,举行一个惊喜的聚会,have a fight with sb,与某人打架,have a difficult/hard time doing sth,=have some problems doing sth,做某事有困难,have a cold,感冒,famous,be famous as,作为,（什么身份）而出名,be famous for,以,而著名,become famous,出名,当然,of course,=certainly,=sure,立刻,/,马上,right away,=at once,=in a minute,想要,want sb to do sth,想某人做某事,feel like doing sth=want to do sth=would like to do sth,想要做某事,be,be free,免费的,/,空闲的,/,自由的,be crowded,拥挤,be supposed to do sth,被期望做某事,be hard-working,努力学习,be mad at=be angry with,对,生气,be over,结束,be able to do sth,能做某事,be sorry,对不起,/,遗憾,be covered with,被,覆盖,be far from,距离,远,be close to,离,近的,be hard to understand,很难理解,be in Russian style,俄罗斯风格,be friendly to sb,对某人友好,be late for,迟到,be mentioned,被提到,be used by,被,使用,was killed,被杀,was/were born in/on,出生于,其他介词,from now on,从现在起,时间段,+from now=in+,时间段,next to,在,旁边,across from,在,的对面,betweenand,在,和,两者之间,fromto ,从,到,during the party,在舞会期间,over and over again,一次又一次,enough,：足够的,修饰名词时，放在名词之前。,enough time,修饰形容词和副词时，要后置,new enough,work,work hard,努力工作,work with sb,和某人一起工作,work hard=study hard,努力学习,而不是,rather than,而不是；胜过,instead of,而不是；代替,talk,talk about (sth.),谈论,talk on the phone,通电话,talk to/with sb,和某人谈话,talk loudly,大声谈话,quite/very,quite,和,very,都可用来修饰形容词或副词,但在和名词连接时用法不同：,a+very+adj+n.,quite+a/an+adj+n.,half,half the class,班上一半的人,half way,半路,three and a half years=three years and a half,三年半,half an hour,半小时,其他名词词组,space station,太空站,a pair of skates,一双溜冰鞋,the Hilltop School,山顶学校,the first skating marathon,首次马拉松滑冰比赛,the old peoples home,敬老院,a terrible haircut,可怕的头型,a flight attendant,空中服务员,TV station,电视台,a part-time job,一份兼职工作,a very unusual experience,一个不寻常的经历,a national hero,一位民族英雄,soap opera,肥皂剧,a hamburger with French fries,有薯条的汉堡包,a souvenir shop,礼品店,the Museum of Flight,航天博物馆,a city with a very colorful history,一个历史悠久的城市,the wrong size,错误的尺寸,the capital of ,的首都,其他动词词组,live to beyears old,活到,岁时,come true,实现,wake up,醒来,argue with sb,和某人吵架,come along,出现,complain about sth,抱怨,sleep late,睡懒觉,cut hair,剪发,land on,在,着陆,walk down the street,沿着街道往下走,come in,进来,jump down,向下跳,open up,打开,care for,关照,study for the test,为考试而学习,raise money for charity,为慈善机构捐钱,win the first prize,获得一等奖,do the dishes,洗餐具,follow sb around,围绕某人转,welcome to our neighborhood,欢迎成为我们的邻居,wait for sb,等候某人,break the rules,破坏规则,drop litter,扔垃圾,pick up,拾起,suggest doing sth,提议做某事,travel to,到,去旅游,choosefrom,从,中挑选,wake up,醒来,start a bad habit,开始于一个坏习惯,sound like fun,听起来好像有趣的事,fitinto,找出时间做某事,addto,把,加在,上。,其他词组,or not,是否,fail,失败 常与介词,in,连用,notuntil,直到,才,so far,到目前为止,no problems,没问题,even if,即使,tooto,太,而不能,whetheror,无论,还是,both,两个都,相等替换,lots of=a lot of,许多，修饰可数名词时，相当于,many;,修饰不可数名词时，相当于,much,start doing sth=begin to do sth,开始做某事,bring sth to,把某物带来,buy sb sth=buy sth for sb,给某人买某物,fall asleep=be asleep,入睡,however=no matter how,无论怎样,play sports=do sports,做运动,whenever=no matter when,无论什么时候,What to do=How to do it,怎么办？,How about=What about,怎么样,What do you think of,=How do you like ,你觉得,怎么样,Whats wrong(with),=Whats the matter (with),怎么啦？,one day=some day,将来的某一天,several=a few/some,几个,Why dont you+,动原,=Why not+,动原 为什么不？,不定式,learn to do sth,学会做某事,encourage sb to do sth,鼓励某人做某事,tell sb to do sth,告诉某人要做某事,tell sb not to do sth,告诉某人不要做某事,invite sb to do sth,邀请某人做某事,invite sb not to do sth,邀请某人不做某事,decide to do sth,决定做某事,decide not to do sth,决定不做某事,have to,必须,dont have to,不必,try to do sth,尽力做某事,try not to do sth,尽力不做某事,please do sth,请做某事,please not do sth,请不要做某事,Would you mind (not)doing sth?,你介意不做某事吗？,mind doing sth,介意做某事,Would you like to do sth ?Yes,Id like to .,Would you like sth?Yes,please/No,thanks,need to do sth,（人做主语）需要做某事,need doing sth,（物作主语）需要做某事,hope to do sth,希望做某事,hope+that,从句,