时态语态

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,谓语动词,时态、语态、主谓一致,问题：,所填动词究竟是作谓语还是非谓语？,1. My mother always _(tell) me to be kind.,2. She and her family _(reach) home.,3. The man nodded his head,，,_(look) happy.,4. The man who _(look) happy nodded his head.,谓语,谓语,非谓语,谓语,思路：,当句子缺少谓语动词时，所给动词就作谓语。,若句中已有谓语动词,又无连词无从句时,就考虑作非谓语,时态语态,课堂目标,1.,时态,1),掌握,10,种基本时态的形式,(,含动词第三人称单数，过去式，过去分词的构成,),及意义,2),掌握常见固定句型对时态的要求,3),常见时态判断方法,2.,被动语态,1),掌握被动语态的基本形式及意义,2),主动形式表被动的用法,3),理解并能避免被动语态使用中的常见错误,3.,时态语态与,高考,课时一：时态,常用时态,名师,P,205-206,表格,I am Lin Fan, chairman of student union. I,am writing,1,to draw your attention to some improper,behaviour,in our campus: littering and scribbling. It,has been making,2,our school dirty and unpleasant. I always,feel ashamed,3,whenever I,see,this. It is clearly not appropriate for a student to litter and scribble about. Last week, the student union,held,4,a meeting to seek some solutions to these problems. We,were having,5,a heated discussion when our headmaster came and joined us. After the meeting, the headmaster said that the school,had made,6,efforts to improve this situation and more dustbins,would be placed,7,around. Recently, the student union,has set up,8,specific rules against such,behaviour,. At the same time, all of us should develop good habits and better behave ourselves. We believe that, with the joint efforts of both teachers and students, our school,will become,9,a more enjoyable place in the near future.,熟读深思,My dear classmates,I am Lin Fan, chairman of student union. I,am writing,1,to draw your attention to some improper,behaviour,in our campus: littering and scribbling. It,has been making,2,our school dirty and unpleasant. I always,feel ashamed,3,whenever I,see,this. It is clearly not appropriate for a student to litter and scribble about. Last week, the student union,held,4,a meeting to seek some solutions to these problems.,现在进行时,现在正在发生的动作,现在完成进行时,一般现在时,经常性或习惯性动作,always/ whenever,一般过去时, last week,We,were having,5,a heated discussion when our headmaster came and joined us. After the meeting, the headmaster said that the school,had made,6,efforts to improve this situation and more dustbins,would be placed,7,around. Recently, the student union,has set up,8,specific rules against such,behaviour,. At the same time, all of us should develop good habits and better behave ourselves. We believe that, with the joint efforts of both teachers and students, our school,will become,9,a more enjoyable place in the near future.,过去进行时,过去某一时间正在进行的动作。,过去完成时,过去的过去,过去将来时,从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作,现在完成时, recently,一般将来时,方式,时间,一般,进行,完成,完成,进行,现在,work,works,过去,worked,将来,shall/ will,be working,过去,将来,is/am/are,working,has/ have,been,working,was/were,working,shall,/will,work,shall/will,have,worked,should/,would work,has/have,worked,had worked,have,2.,以,-s, -x, -,ch, -,sh,结尾的词加,-,es,3.,以辅音字母加,y,结尾的单词改,y,为,i,再加,-,es,4.,以辅音字母加,o,结尾的词加,-,es,1.,一般情况在词尾加,-s,语法小结：第三人称单数动词变化规则,look,look,s,teach,teach,es,study,studies,do, go,do,es, go,es,has,5.,特例,语法小结：过去式，过去分词变化,1,、,一般情况下,在词尾直接加,ed,。,如：,play played work worked,2,、,以,e,结尾,的动词,只加,d,.,如：,like - liked love - loved,3,、以,“,辅音字母,+y”,结尾,的动词，变,y,为,i,，再加,ed,.,如：,study studied carry carried,4,、以,重读闭音节结尾,的动词，如果,末尾只有一个辅音字母,，要,双写,最后这个辅音字母，再,加,ed,.,如：,stop stopped,5,、不规则动词的变化,确定时态有三看：,(1),看时间状语（标志词）。,(2),看固定句式。,(3),看上下文时态,(,一致,),。,1.,看句子中的时间状语或时间状语从句。,1),一般现在时,sometimes, usually, never, always,often; every week; on Sunday (s) / Monday (s),2),一般过去时,yesterday, last year, just now, the,other day, a few days ago, in 1990,等,3),将来时,next+,时间词,(,如,: week, day, year,等,) tomorrow, the day after tomorrow,The bus,starts,in three minutes.,Ill write to you as soon as I,arrive,there.,时态确定的基本方式：,So far the scientist,has worked,out a lot of difficult problems.,It bothers me a lot that in the past few months I,have dreamt,many strange dreams.,We,have been,friends ever,since,we,were,10-year-old.,up to now / so far,recent years,these days/years,lately,/recently,in the past/last few years,in/during the last five months/decades,since,for+,时间段,/never/already,现在,完成时,标志词：,从句用一般过去时,主句现在完成时,观察、总结,到目前为止,近年来,这些天,/,年,近来,在过去的几年,/,月,观察，总结：,I,had finished,reading the novel by nine oclock,last night.,2. We,had learned,over two thousand English,words by the end of last term.,3. They,had planted,six hundred trees before last,Wednesday.,过去,完成时,标志词：,before +,过去的时间点,by +,过去的时间,4. By the time of,next year, we,will have learnt,3500words.,by +,表现在,/,表将来的时间状语,主句谓语用将来完成时,If it _ (rain) tomorrow, we _ (cancel) the meeting.,2.The train _ (leave) at six oclock tomorrow morning.,补充练习,3,：,rains,leaves,1.,主将从现,(,标志词有：,if /unless /until/ when / as soon as),2.,时刻表（标志词：*点）,安排的事情，用一般现在时表将来,will cancel,补充练习,4,：观察、总结,1. I,was doing,my homework,when,she suddenly,walked in,.,I,was about to do,my homework,when,she suddenly,walked,in.,2. It,is,the first time that I,have spoken,to a foreigner.,It,was,the first time that I,had spoken,to a foreigner.,3.,Hardly,had I got,on the bus,when,it,started,to move.,No sooner,had I got,on the bus,than,it,started,to move.,特殊句型：,1.,be doing when/be about to,do,when,：,正在做,突然, /,正想做,突然,2. It/This is (was) the first (second) time that,+,现在,(,过去,),完成时,3.,hardly had,sb,done when +,一般过去时,/,no sooner had,sb,done than +,一般过去时,一,就,3.,看上下文的谓语动词形式。,1)At the same time, they get warm again for the night. This cycle _ (go) day after day.,2)While making great efforts to run away, she _ (fall) over the hill and died.,goes,fell,原题复现（报纸第,1-5,期 语法填空,+,短文改错）：,We_ (have) many unforgettable reading evenings so far .,It was the first time that I have communicated with foreigners that day.,Several days ago,，,I helped my teacher ,We visit the sculpture park before the trip.,4. If you were to ask any of my children whether I can shut up,，,they _ (say) quite the opposite.,5. It_ (appear) in the Baltimore Sun in 1985.,6. One day,，,Calvin _ (be) sad because he realized he would never see his mothers face.,7. I go on a group walking holiday in the capital of my province last year.,8. The activity,，,which lasted for two days in July 2015,，,is great.,have had,had,visited,was,went,would say,appeared,was,过去将来,确定时态有三看：,(1),看时间状语（标志词）。,(2),看固定句式。,(3),看上下文时态,(,一致,),。,巩固练习：,On Monday mornings it usually_ (take) me an hours to drive to work .,The boy picked up his bag, _ (open) the door and then went out.,I was about to explain when she _ (break) in.,Up to now,，,we _ (raise) more than 1000yuan and over 200books for the poor kids.,This was the second time that we _ (meet) by chance.,When Tom _ (arrive),，,I _ (ask) him to wait for you.,7. Hurry up, kids! The school bus _ (wait) for us!,8. Jenny never imagined that she _ (become) a doctor.,9. By the time we reached home,，,he _ (leave) without saying a word.,takes,opened,broke,is waiting,had left,would become,have raised,had met,arrives,will ask,动词被动语态填空,结构,时态,write,的各种被动语态形式,助动词,be,的变化形式,+,动词过分,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,现在完成时,含情态动词,am/is/are written,was/ were written,will/shall be written,have/has beenwritten,can/may/must be written,确定语态有两看：,(1),看时态,+,被动（看标志词,by,）,(2),看时态,+,被动（看句义）,1. The classroom is so dirty, so,we are required,to clean it.,2.,The hero was killed,when he tried to save the girl.,The classroom,was cleaned,by students yesterday.,2. The car,has been cleaned,by him,already.,3.,Our school,is being decorated,by workers,now.,An accident _ (happen) on this road last week.,The house _ (belong) to my grandfather.,happened,belongs,无被动：,happen, take place, break out, occur, belong to, consist of,语态特殊用法,1,：,3. The driver,is to blame for,the accident.,理解,4. The room needs/wants/requires _(clean) 5. The city is well worth _(visit).,语态特殊用法,2,：,1. The flower _ (smell) good.,2. The pen _ (write) well.,smells,writes,cleaning,= to be cleaned,visiting,write, sell, wash, cook,(,与副词,well/badly/ easily,连用，表主语的内在品质或性能时,),主动表被动：,feel, look, taste, sound, smell,(,感官,v.),be to blame,应受到责备,sth,need/want/require + doing/to be done,sth,需要被,be worth doing,值得做,原题复现,1. It was then that I turned back to see what had been happened.,报纸第,5,期,2. Some days ago,，,I was giving a little cat as my birthday gift and I named her Abby.,报纸,11,期,3. When the cheater,_(ask),from where he had found my son, the cheater rang off.,升大月考,1,4. It _ (consider) rude to ask about someones salary.,高三月考,1,5. Fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking. 2016,高考题,6. I have told many times by my parents about not staying up late at night.,衡水卷,7.,草莓采摘节,(Strawberry Picking Festival),下个礼拜将会在我的家乡举行。 翻译,given,was asked,is considered,used,been,The Strawberry Picking Festival,will be held,in my hometown next week.,=When asked,v.,谓语,非谓语,时态,语态,主谓一致,时态、语态解题思路,(1),看时间状语（标志词）。,(2),看固定句式。,(3),看上下文时态,(,一致,),。,(1),时态,+,语态,(by)/,时态,+,语态,(,句义,),(2),无被动的词,/,短语,(3),主,动表被动,时态语态与高考,P208,语法填空,必考时态,:,可能考语态,:,一般现在时或一般过去时的被动语态,一般过去时,主语是第三人称单数的一般现在时态,现在进行时、过去进行时和一般将来时。,方法,:,先判断,谓语,/,非谓语,谓语,时态、语态、,语气,(,陈述语气还是虚拟语气,),、主谓一致,再考虑,:,短文改错,最可能考上下文时态不一致,也可能考被动语态漏掉,be,或过去分词拼写错误,写作,在写作中适当运用被动语态，可使句子多样化，甚至更加自然生动。,