时态和语态被动语态

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2018/7/30,#,时态和语态,By Vivian,CONTENTS,英语的基本句型,01,动词的时态,02,被动语态,03,一般时态,进行时态,完成时态,完成进行时态,被动语态,Passive Voice,主语是动作的,执行者,主动语态,Mary,is making,a doll.,She,takes care of,the child.,He,has received,the letter.,被动语态,A doll,is being made,by Mary.,The child,is taken care of,by her.,The letter,has been received,by him.,主语是动作的,承受者,动词 过去分词,不同时态下的被动语态,不同时态下的被动语态,1. The Simple Present Tense,一般现在时,3,1.,一般现在时,主动语态,被动语态,主语,+,动词原形,主语,+is/am/are+,动词过去分词,2.The Simple Past Tense,一般过去时,3,2.,一般过去时,主动语态,被动语态,主语,+,动词过去式,主语,+,was/were+,过去分词,She bought a new car last week.,I wasnt there last night.,You looked pretty upset just now.,He never smoked.,2.,一般过去时,Practice,22,例句：,She bought a new car last week.,2.,一般过去时,Practice,22,例句：,A new car was bought by her last week.,2. I wasnt there last night.,2.,一般过去时,Practice,22,例句：,系表结构 不能变被动,3. You looked pretty upset just now.,2.,一般过去时,Practice,22,例句：,系表结构 不能变被动,4. He never smoked.,2.,一般过去时,Practice,22,例句：,主谓结构 没有宾语 不能变被动,3. The Simple Future Tense,一般将来时,3,3.,一般将来时,主动语态,被动语态,主语,+will/shall +,动词原形,主语,+will/shall+,be+,过去分词,“,祈使句,+and/or +,句子”结构中,前面的祈使句表条件，,and/or,后面的句子用,一般将来时,Give me one more hour, and Ill get the work finished.,Close the window,，,or youll catch a cold.,3.,一般将来时,22,考点,例句：,4. The Present ProgressiveTense,现在进行时,3,4.,现在进行时,主动语态,被动语态,主语,+is/am/are +,动词,ing,主语,+is/am/are+,being+,过去分词,Someone,is,following,me.,I,am,being followed,by someone,.,Im watching TV now.,All the people in the world are seeking happiness.,He is meeting the manager tomorrow.,The boss is,always,crabbing about my work.,4.,现在进行时,22,例句：,5. The Past Continuous Tense,过去进行时,3,5.,过去进行时,主动语态,被动语态,主语,+was/were +,动词,ing,主语,+was/were+,being+,过去分词,When I came last time,workers,were building,the hospital,.,The hospital,was,being built,(,by workers),when I came last time.,When I saw her, she was working on the computer.,He was making a long distance phone call from ten to eleven last night.,5.,过去进行时,22,例句：,6. The Present Prefect Tense,现在完成时,3,6.,现在完成时,主动语态,被动语态,主语,+have/has+,过去分词,主语,+have/has been,+,过去分词,Workers,have complted,many new buildings,in the city.,Many new buildings have been completed,(by workers) in the city.,7. The Past Prefect Tense,过去完成时,3,7.,过去完成时,主动语态,被动语态,主语,+ had+,过去分词,主语,+ had been,+,过去分词,The station,had sold out,all the tickets,when they arrived.,All the tickets,had been sold out,(,by the station),when they arrived.,8. The Future Prefect Tense,将来完成时,3,8.,将来完成时,主动语态,被动语态,主语,+ will+have+,过去分词,主语,+ will +have been,过去分词,Workers,will have completed,the new factory,by the end of this month.,The new factory,will have been complted,(by workers),by the end of this month.,By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot.,By the time you reach the station, the train will have left.,I shall have finished it next Friday .,The birds will have moved to the south before winter sets in.,9.,将来完成时,22,例句：,9. The Past Future Perfect Tense,过去将来完成时,3,9.,过去将来完成时,主动语态,被动语态,主语,+ would/should+have+,过去分词,主语,+ would/should+,have been,+,过去分词,He said that,he,would have finished,Book One,by the end of this term.,He said that,Book One,would have been finished,(by him),by the end of this term.,10. The Past Future,过去将来时,3,10.,过去将来时,主动语态,被动语态,主语,+should/ would +,动词原形,主语,+should/ would +,be+,过去分词,He said,others,would love,him,if he loved others.,He said,he,would be loved,( by others ),if he loved others.,被动语态的特殊情况,情态动词的被动语态,结构：,主语,+,情态动词,+be+,过去分词,2,This,can,be done by hand.,This point,must,not be neglected.,Coal,could,be used in place of oil in this sense.,The enviroment,should,be improved.,被动语态的特殊情况,动词短语的被动语态,注意,：把短语,看做一个整体,，不能丢掉其中的,介词、副词,2,The doctor has been,sent for,.,The meeting will be,put off,till Friday.,被动语态的特殊情况,某些及物动词本身就有被动含义,与,well, easily, smoothly,badly,连用,用,主动,表被动,如 ：,read, write, wash, clean, cook, bake, burn, draw, open, cut, sell, kill,etc.,2,This cloth washed very well.,Your pen writes smoothly.,This book sells well.,被动语态的特殊情况,be worth doing,在句子中用,主动,表被动,2,This novel is worth reading.,This watch is worth buying.,考点,4,经典例题,It is an exciting experience to work as a volunteer. Its worth _ all my life.,remembering B. to remember,C. to be remembered D. being remembered,1) Both men speak loudly and clearly.,S + V,主,+,谓,+,状,经典例题,It is an exciting experience to work as a volunteer. Its worth _ all my life.,remembering B. to remember,C. to be remembered D. being remembered,1) Both men speak loudly and clearly.,S + V,主,+,谓,+,状,解析：,A,Worth,后接动名词的主动形式，表被动含义。,被动语态的特殊情况,当,need, want, require, deserve,表“,需要,”,主语为,物,其后用,动名词的主动形式,/,不定式被动形式,2,Your shirt needs washing/to be washed.,This house requires repairing/ to be repaired.,考点,5,经典例题,The washing machine needs _ before it can be used.,repairing B. to repair,C. being repaired D. to be reparing,1) Both men speak loudly and clearly.,S + V,主,+,谓,+,状,经典例题,The washing machine needs _ before it can be used.,repairing B. to repair,C. being repaired D. to be reparing,1) Both men speak loudly and clearly.,S + V,主,+,谓,+,状,解析：,A,need,意为“需要”，主语是物,用,ing,表被动,不能使用被动语态的情况,2,Your shirt needs washing/to be washed.,This house requires repairing/ to be repaired.,不能使用被动语态的情况,2,Practice,14,THANKS,谢谢聆听,