情态动词过去式

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,“情态动词,+have done”,的用法,might,may,could,should,Ought to,would,will,must,need,can,情态动词后的不同形式,情态动词后跟动词原形、进行式、完成式可以表示不同的意义。,1,、情态动词的进行式,may/might/can/could/should/ought to/will/would/must + be doing,构成了情态动词的进行式。情态动词的进行式表示对现在和将来正在进行的行为进行推测，意为“或许正在、应当正在、想必正在、准是正在”。,2,、情态动词的完成式,情态动词的完成式是由情态动词,+ have done,构成的。,1,、表示对过去发生的事情的推测（想必已经、按道理已经、可能做过）,常用来表达这种意义的情态动词有：,could, may, might, ought to, should, must,等。,Can,主要用于否定和疑问句。,2,、表示对完成时的推测,常用来表达这种意义的情态动词主要有,could, may, might, ought to, should, must,等。,Can,主要用于否定和疑问句。,3,、表示对某事的责备和批评,常用于这种用法的情态动词有,might, could, ought to, should, need,等。,Might,语气最弱，,should,语气最强。,1,、 “,must+have+done,”,表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“想必,/,准是,/,一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句。,(,否定式为,cant/couldnt have done),1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.,昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。,2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant.,你和仆人说话，一定是发疯了。,2,、 “,can+have+done,”,表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过,吗？”。,1. There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out?,屋里没有灯，他们可能出去了吗？,2. There is nowhere to find them. Where can they have gone?,到处找不到他们，他们可能到什么地方去呢？,3,、 “,cant+have+done,”,表示对过去事情的否定推测，译成“不可能做过某事”。,1. Mr. Smith cant have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now.,史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。,2. Mary cant have stolen your money. She has gone home.,玛丽不可能偷你的钱，她回家去了。,4,、 “,could+have+done,”,是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。,He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless.,本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。,5,、 “,couldnt+have+done,”,表推测，相当于,cant have done,，意为：“过去不可能做了某事。”,I think that he couldnt have gone abroad. I saw him just now.,我认为他不可能出国了。我刚才还看见他了。,6,、 “,may+have+done,”,表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。,What has happened to George?,I dont know. He may have got lost.,乔治发生了什么事？,我不知道，他可能迷路了。,7,、 “,might+have+done,”,表示对过去事情的推测，,might,与,may,意思相同，但可能性更小。多用于虚拟语气结构中。,1. He might have given you more help, even though he was busy.,他或许会多给你一些帮助，即使他很忙。,2. She might have achieved greater progress, if you had given her more chances.,如果你多给她点机会，她可能已经取得更大的成绩。,8,、 “,would+have+done,”,虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”。,1. I would have told you all about the boys story, but you didnt ask me.,我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事，但是你没有问我。,2. Without your help, I wouldnt have achieved so much.,没有你的帮助，我是不会取得如此大的成绩。,9,、 “,should+have+done,”,意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做。” “,shouldnt+have+done,”,表示本来不应该做某事，而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意。,1. Tom, you are too lazy. The work should have been finished yesterday.,汤姆，你太懒惰了，这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。,2. Look, Tom is crying. I shouldnt have been so harsh on him.,看，汤姆哭了，我本来不应该对他如此严厉。,10,、 “,ought,to+have+done,”,表示过去应该做而实际并没有做，译成“理应做,”,，往往表示遗憾。与“,should+have+done,”,用法基本一样。,I ought to have gone home last Sunday.,我理应上星期日回家。,You ought not to have given him more help.,你不应该帮助他那么多。,11,、 “,need+have+done,”,表示本来需要做某事而没有做。“,neednt+have+done,”,则表示“本来不需要做某事而做了”。,I neednt have bought so much wineonly five people came.,我本来没有必要买这么多酒，只来了五个人。,He need have hurried to the station. In that case, be wouldnt have missed the train.,他本来需要快点去车站，那样的话，他就不会误了火车。,Thank you!,