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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,英语构词法,3. Write out the original words.,unchangeable,adj,_,dislike,v,_,impossibility,n,_,unfriendly,adj,_,overwork,v,_,misunderstanding,n,_,athletic,adj,_,misread,v,_,translator,n,_,change,like,possible,friend,w,o,r,k,understand,athlete,read,translate,英语构词法主要有,三,种,：,合成,、,派生,与,转化,。,英语构词法种类,另外,缩写和简写,也是构词法的一种。,.,合成,:,有两个或更多的词合成一个词。,复合名词,class + room =,classroom,(名词+名词),black+ board=,blackboard,(形容词+名词),复合形容词,warm + heart + ed =,warmhearted,热心肠的,good + looking =,good,-lo,oking,相貌好看的,world +wide=,worldwide,世界性的,hard+ working=hard-working,努力工作的,复合动词,over + come =,overcome,克服,(副词+动词),复合数词,fifty+ four=,fifty-four,复合代词,everyone, somebody, anything, nobody,( 不定代词+名词),复合副词,down+ stairs =,downstairs,在楼下( 形容词+名词),whole+ heartedly =,wholeheartedly,全神贯注地(副词+副词),一、用,A,，,B,两栏中的单词组成新的合成词,(每个词只能用,一次,),，并填入下列句子里,1. The project received _ support throughout the,country.,widespread,2Ive checked the _ and there is a train leaving in,ten minutes.,timetable,3The teacher asked me to listen carefully and not to be,_ in class again.,absent-minded,4 Time is limited, but _ you must finish your,homework.,anyway,5I want to go to _ to buy a new wallet for my,mother.,downtown,6Please take a seat in the _.Ill call you when the,doctor is ready to see you.,waiting room,7We have taken steps to _ our city from terrorists,attacks.,8She fell ill because of _.,overwork,safeguard,2.,派生,:,是通过在词根上加,前缀,或者,后缀,构成一个新词。,happy -,un,happy,develop - develop,ment,前缀:,一般只引起,意思,上的变化而不造成,词类,的变化，只有少数能引起词类的变化。,mis,- 错误的 + understand,v.,理解,-,mis,understand,v.,误解,en + large,adj.,大的 - enlarge,v.,扩,大,后缀:,一般只引起,词性,上的变化而不造成,意思,的变化。,care v. 照料,- care,ful,adj. 细心的,work v. 工作,- work,er,n. 工人,常见的,前缀,(A)表示,否定,的前缀：,un,-un,fair,un,happy,non,-non,smoker,(常用在n. adj. adv. 前),in,-in,active,(常用在adj.,前,),dis,-dis,agree, dis,appear,dis,like,im,-im,polite, im,possible,(用在b,p,m 开头的词前),(B).表示,错误,或,失误,的前缀:,mis,-mis,understand, mis,direct,(误导),(C)表示,两个,双边,的前缀：,bi,- bi,color,( 双色的), bi,cycle,表示,相互,交互,在一起,的前缀,inter,inter,view,inter,national, inter,net,(E)表示,又,再,重新,的前缀,re,re,view, re,turn, re,write,(F)表示,远,的前缀,tele, tele,phone, tele,vision,二、给下列单词加上前缀,dis-,，,un-,，,in-,或,im-来构成反,义词,1complete _,3visible _,5practical _,7fit _,9happy _,2.proper _,fort _,6.seen _,8.like _,10.formal _,incomplete,improper,discomfort,invisible,impractical,unseen,unfit,dislike/unlike,unhappy,informal,常见的,后缀,1.动词变名词：,-tion,educate-educa,tion, invite,-,invita,tion,predict,-,predic,tion,-ment,develop,ment,move,ment,disappoint,ment,-er,teach,er, work,er, run,ner, sing,er,-or,visit,or, sail,or, tut,or, act,or,名词后缀,补充,:,-ist,( 人,名词后缀),science-scient,ist, terror-terror,ist,-ese,( 民族,语言,名词后缀),Chin,ese, Japan,ese,2.形容词变名词,-,ness,goodgood,ness, happy-,happi,ness,busy-busi,ness, carecareless-careless,ness,-,ity,able-,abil,ity, possible-possibil,ity,3.名词变形容词：,-,y:,wind,y, rain,y, health,y, cloudy, fun,ny, sun,ny,-,ish:,fool,ish, child,ish, girl,ish,-,some:,hand,some, trouble,some,-,ous:,danger,ous, humor,ous,-,ful:,help,ful, care,ful, peace,ful, color,ful,-,less:,home,less, help,less, care,less,use,less,-,ed,surpris,ed, bor,ed,excit,ed,relax,ed,interest,ed,-,ing,surpris,ing, bor,ing,excit,ing,relax,ing,interest,ing, outstand,ing,4.,名词,变形容词,-,al:,tradition,al, internation,al, nature-natur,al,5. 名词、形容词变动词：,-,ify:,beauty-,beaut,ify, simple-simpl,ify,-,ize:,real,ize,-,en:,quick,en, sharp,en ,wide,n,3.,转化,:,是指有一种词类转化为另一种词类。单词转化后的意义往往与之前的意义联系密切.,water,n.,水 - water,vt.,浇水,常见的转化形式：,动词 - 名词,名词 - 动词,形容词-动词,动词-名词,stop,v.,停止,-,n.,车站,watch,v.,观看,- -,n.,手表,look,v.,看,-have a look,n.,看,walk v.,散步,走,-take a walk n.,散步,love v.,爱,-your love,n.,爱,名词 -动词,hand,n.,手,-,vt.,上交,seat,n.,座位,-,vt.,坐,nurse,n.,护士,-,vt.,护理,oil,n.,油,-,vt.,上油,time,n.,时间,-,vt.,定时，测时,show,n.,展示,秀,-,vt.,表演,秀-,形容词-动词,open (,adj.,开着的)open(,v.,开),clean(,adj.,清洁的,)-clean(,v.,打扫,),slow(,adj.,慢的)-slow (,v.,放慢),.,缩写和简写,:,缩写和简写(也被称为截断法或缩短法)主要采取: “截头”,“去尾”或者 “既截头又去尾”的方法生成新词,.,telephone-phone,airplaneplane,laboratory-lab,mathematics-math,advertisementad,examination-exam,Identification-ID,另外还有许多缩写词是由各个单词的首字母组成.,CCTV,(,C,hina,C,entral,T,ele,v,ision),NBA,(,N,ational,B,asketball,A,ssociation),UFO,(,u,nidentified,f,lying,o,bject),UN,(,U,nited,N,ations),USA,(,U,nited,S,tates of,A,merica),CEO,CFO,CTO,COO,3D,4. Fill the table with the different forms of the words.,admission,admissible,admissibly,imagination,imaginative,imaginatively,settlement,settled,equipment,equipped,attraction,attractive,attractively,Task 2:,Grammar:,compounding:,Word formation,Find the compound nouns in the,reading passage,free-fall, old-fashioned, steam-engine,whichever, whatever, wherever, southeastern, indoor, outdoor, craftsmen, horseback,roller coaster,
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