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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit 1 Living Well,Discovering useful structures,Revision of the,Infinitive,动词不定式的作用,Functions of Infinitive,主语 (subject),宾语 (object),表语 (predicative),定语 (attribute),状语 (adverbial),宾补 (object complement),1. It is good,to help,others.,2. It is my ambition,to make,sure that the disabled people in our neighborhood have access to all public buildings.,3. My ambition is,to work,in the computer industry when I grow up.,Identify its function.,(subject),(subject),(predicative),想一想,4. I dont have time,to sit,around feeling sorry for myself.,5. I am the only student in my class,to,have,a pet snake.,6. A big company has decided,to buy,it from me.,7. My fellow students have begun,to accept,me for who I am.,(attribute),(attribute),(object),(object),8. I have had to work hard,to live,a normal life.,9. Some days I am too tired,to get,out of bed.,10. We must call on local government,to,give,financial assistance to disabled people.,(adverbial),(adverbial),(object complement),1. 不定式作主语(常用it作形式主语),To finish this report,took him a week.,It took him a week,to finish this report.,2. 不定式作表语,To see,is,to believe.,What I would suggest is,to put off,the meeting.,3. My wish is to finish the job,quickly.,2. My job is to help the patients.,不定式常用在系动词,be, seem, appear, get,remain,等后作表语,常用不定式作表语的主语有：aim/ purpose/ idea/ intention/ plan/ wish/ decision/ choice等,作表语,.,作定语,(常常表示将来的动作),1. 不定式做定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后,She was very busy and had no time,to,visit,her friends.,Ladies and gentlemen ,I have something,important,to tell,you .,2. 当名词被the first ,the last, the only 等词以及,形容词最高级修饰时,eg:,She is always,the first,to come and,the,last,to leave.,4. 如果不定式是不及物动词,则后面需适当的介词,Please pass me some paper to write_.,She has a nice pen to write _.,He bought a flat for the family to live _.,on,with,in,3,.也可用在,have to do,和,there be,句型中。,There is no one,to take care of her.,I have no jewelry,to wear,.,eg: He spoke loudly (so as / in order) to be,heard.,. 作状语,1. 表示目的: to / in order to / so as to,2. 表示原因,不定式可以用在作表语的形容词后作状语,sorry, surprised, happy, glad, eager, angry, foolish, right, wrong, slow, quick, rude, cruel, disappointed等。,eg: Im glad/pleased,to see you.,We were surprised,to hear the news.,3.结果状语:, We hurried to the station,only to,find the,train had left.,only to do,only to be done,表示意外的结果,1. We hurried to the station,only to,find the,train had left.,2. We hurried to the station,only to be,told the train had left.,.,作宾补,I didnt ask you,to pay for the meal,.,They have warned us,to be careful of rats,.,接 to do作宾语补足语的动词及短语有：ask/ advise/ allow/ beg/ want/ warn/ wish/ tell/ teach/ require/ permit/ forbid/ get/ help/ invite/ force/ encourage/ call on/ persuade等,不定式在下列动词后作宾语补足语时，要省略to,“感觉”,feel,“听”,hear, listen to,“,使役动词”,have, make, let,“看”,see, look at, observe, watch, notice,但当以上的动词用于被动式，to要还原：,1. They saw the boy,fall,suddenly from the,tree.,The boy was seen,to fall,suddenly from,the tree.,2. Mother made John,wash,the car for a week.,John was made,to wash,the car for a week.,动词不定式的时态和语态,一般式,完成式,进行式,完成进行式,to do,to have done,to be doing,to have been,doing,形 式,主 动,被 动,to be done,to have been,done,1. I asked him,to attend,the meeting.,2. He seems,to be reading,English poems.,3. He is said,to have translated,the book,into English last year,.,（,to attend the meeting 动作发生在ask 后,),（,seem 和read 同时发生, 强调动作正在进行）,（,translate the book 发生在be said 之前）,II. 用所给词的适当形式填空。,1. More and more people do not like watching TV; the programs seem _ (get) worse all the time.,2. The poem is said _ (translate) into many languages in the past decade.,3. The flu is believed _ (cause) by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.,to be getting,to have been translated,to be caused,4. The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported _ (break) the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race.,5. You are said _ (write) a new novel these years. Have you finished it?,to have been writing,to have broken,1. _ is to lengthen life. (节约时间就是延长生命。),2. She is easy _. (她很好相处。),3. When I called him, he happened _. (我给他打电话时, 他正在洗澡。),III. 根据汉语提示, 用不定式完成下列句子。,To save time,to get along with,to be taking a bath,4. The book is said _ _. (据说这本书已经被翻译成好几种语言。),5. The experience makes us realize that much of the world remains _. (这次经历使我们意识到世界上有很多东西仍有待探索。),6. The teacher asked us _. (老师叫我们不要如此吵闹。),to have been translated into several languages,to be explored,not to be so noisy,The question is very difficult to answer.,The problem is difficult to deal with.,1.主语be +adj. +to do,能用于此句型的形容词有：,difficult ,easy, comfortable ,fit, hard, pleasant, tiresome(使人疲劳的) ,interesting, nice , heavy, dangerous, light, important, etc.,主动形式表被动意义的不定式,The box is light enough to carry.,The river water is warm enough to swim in.,2.主语,+be +adj. + enough +to do,The books seemed,too,heavy,to,carry.,The ice is,too,thin,to,skate on.,3.主语+be +too +adj. +to do,动词后面跟,V-ing,还是,不定式,含义不相同,总的来说,表示习惯的, 一般性的动作多跟,V-ing,一次性的具体的被动动作多跟,不定式,。,1) I like,to go,with you. 我想和你一块儿去。,重点!,I like,reading,. 我喜欢阅读。,He promised,to help,her. 他答应过要帮助她。,We love,watching,VCD. 我们喜欢看VCD。,2),remember, forget, regret,后面跟V-ing时, 表示过去的动作,后面跟不定式时, 不定式表示将来的动作。,I,remember meeting,him in the street. 我记得在街上见过他。,I,remember to,write a letter to my parents. 我想起来要给我父母亲写信。,4) mean to do 打算做某事,mean doing 意味着,I,meant to,catch up with the early bus.,This,means wasting,a lot of money.,5) try to do 设法尽力做某事,try doing 试着做某事,You should,try to,overcome your shortcomings.,Try,working,out the physics problem in another way.,
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