定语从句和阅读写作课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,A,*,定语从句在阅读和写作中的运用,1,A,1A,对定语从句的掌握要落实到三个层面：,一、认得出,二、看得懂,三、用得上,2,A,对定语从句的掌握要落实到三个层面：2A,认得出：,关键,:,找到主句，分离从句。但不管定语从句以哪一种形式出现，他们都有一个共同特点：,那就是在一个核心名词的前面或后面。,3,A,认得出：3A,一、定语从句的位置,（一）从句在主句的前面例如,:As is well-known, man couldt live without water.,（二）从句在主句的后面 例如,:This is the house where his father was born.,4,A,一、定语从句的位置4A,（三）放置在主句中 例,1:The day when they got married was just on February 14.,5,A,（三）放置在主句中 例1:T,二、,理解定语从句要注意,:,A.,准确判断定语从句所修饰的对象。,由于定语从句与其所修饰的对象之间常有分割成分，而该分割成分中与定语从句紧挨着的名词常常会被误认为是定语从句的先行词。在理解上会造成障碍。 因此遇到这种结构一定要根据上下文和常识进行判断。,6,A,二、 理解定语从句要注意:6A,1.The days,are gone,when we suffered so much,2.There are many people,on the platform,who are waiting for the train,3.Do you remember one afternoon,ten years ago, when I came to your house and borrowed a necklace of yours?,4.At all times you may find things,happening,which are hard to explain,7,A,1.The daysare gonewhen we su,B.,要注意区分从句的层次。,定语从句是最可能出现嵌套结构的。一句话中往往包括好几个定语从句，这些从句有时是相互并列的关系，有时是嵌套关系。理解句子的时候应注意区分。,8,A,B.要注意区分从句的层次。8A,1,、,The boss at last got a chance to visit the village where he used to work,，,which he had been dreaming of for 20 years.,老板终于得到机会去访问他工作过的村庄，他一直梦想了,20,年。,9,A,1、The boss at last got a chanc,2,、,America has more than fifty states,，,one of which,，,Kentucky,，,is the place where Abraham Lincoln was born.,美国有,50,多个州。其中之一的肯塔基州是林肯出生的地方。,10,A,2、America has more than fifty,三、找出阅读篇章中的定语从句,并理解这些句子。,Lesson 3 Marco Polo,11,A,三、找出阅读篇章中的定语从句,并理解这些句子。11A,1.Whenhewas17yearsold,he,traveledacrossEuropeandAsia withhisfather,whowantedtodo,tradewiththe Chinese.,（,L2),12,A,1.Whenhewas17yearsold,2. He was very impressed by Beijing and the Emperors Palace, especially the Summer Palace,which,he described as The greatest palace that ever was. ”,(L13),13,A,2. He was very impressed by Be,3.There were inventions and developments in China which were not available in Europe at that time.,(L16),14,A,3.There were inventions and d,4.However, Marco was lucky enough to meet another prisoner who enjoyed listening to his stories about China.,(L27),15,A,4.However, Marco was lucky eno,5.The prisoner then wrote the stories in a book called,The Description of the World, which became one of the best-selling books in Europe.,(L30),16,A,5.The prisoner then wrote the,6.Just before he died, aged 70, Marco was asked the question, “Was it all true?”, to which he replied,“I have only told half of what I saw!”,（,L35),17,A,6.Just before he died, aged 7,读得懂：,在,认得出,的基础上，理解含定语从句的句子。,18,A,读得懂：18A,关键：,弄清楚逻辑关系，把各个 从句剔出来单独理解，再灵活处理把大意拼凑起来，构成整个 长句的意思，就可降低长句的理解难度，准确理解文意。,19,A,19A,在,理解含定语从句的句子,时，一定要考虑到中英文的表达习惯。常见,的理解方式,有以下几种：,20,A,在理解含定语从句的句子时，一定要考虑到中英文的表达习惯。常见,一、前置法,:,把,定语从句翻译,到所修饰的先行词前面，可以用“的”来连接。,21,A,一、前置法:把定语从句翻译到所修饰的先行词前面，可以用“的”,Space and oceans are the new world which scientists are trying to explore.,太空和海洋是科学家们努力探索的新领域。,22,A,Space and oceans are the new w,二、后置法,:,把,定语从句翻译,在所修饰的先行词后面，,翻译,为并列分句。,23,A,二、后置法:把定语从句翻译在所修饰的先行词后面，翻译为并列分,单独把,定语从句翻译,出来的话，并重复先行词，还可以用代词代替先行词来重复。,I told the story to John, who told it to his brother.,他把这件事告诉了约翰，约翰又告诉了他的弟弟。,24,A,24A,They worked out a new method by which production has now been rapidly increased.,他们制定出一种新方案，采用之后生产已迅速得到提高。,25,A,They worked out a new method b,三、融合法,:,把,定语从句,和它所修饰的先行词结合在一起,翻译,。,There is a man downstairs who wants to see you.,楼下有人要见你。,26,A,26A,A driver who is driving the bus mustnt talk with others or be absent-minded.,司机在开车时，不许和人谈话，也不能走神。,He insisted on buying another house, which he had no use for,尽管他并没有这样的需要，他坚持要再买一幢房子。,27,A,A driver who is driving the bu,He wishes to write an article that will attract the public attention to the matter.,为了引起公众对这一事件的注意，他想写一篇文章。,She was very patient towards the children, which her husband seldom was.,她对孩子们很有耐心，而她丈夫却很少这样。,28,A,He wishes to write an article,In our factory, there are many people who are much interested in the new invention.,在我们工厂里，许多人对这项新发明很感兴趣。,29,A,In our factory, there are many,实战演练,30,A,实战演练30A,1.They had no connection with the outside world for more than a thousand years, giving them plenty of time to build more than 1000 huge stone figures, called moat, for which the island is most famous.,31,A,1.They had no connection with,2,、,My wife and I took the train from Paris to Strasbourg, where we were met by our driver and guide, and the minibus which goes along with the boat.We stopped off in Barn for an hour on the way. Then were taken to Nancy where the boat was kept.,(,优化设计,P37),Where did the author get off the train?,A.Paris B. Strasbourg C.,Nancy C. Barn,32,A,2、My wife and I took the train,3,、,Steve Magellan, world-famous adventurer, has been missing for two days. The man who flew around the world by himself in a balloon took off in a single-engine airplane from a private airport in Nevada,.(,优化设计,P43),判断句子正误：,Steve,Magellan,often traveled around the,world,with someones company.,33,A,3、Steve Magellan, world-famous,3,、,He didnt file a flight plan, so exactly where he went is unknown. Searchers are looking for him in a high desert, a 200 by 200 mile area with lots of ravines(,沟壑）,by air. “It would be very easy for a small plane like that to disappear for months,” said an officer from the Civil Air Patrol. The plane, like most small planes, did not have a “black box,” which sends out radio signals in event of a crash. A friend of Magellans said that he usually wears a watch that can send radio signals. But no signals were coming from that watch, if he was in fact wearing it.,(.(,优化设计,P43-44),34,A,3、He didnt file a flight,Which of the following is Not a difficulty for the searchers?,A,.Its unknown where he was going exactly.,B,.The shape of the place where Steve Magellan was missing was complicated(,复杂的,).,C,. Steve Magellan lost his watch which can send out radio signals.,D,.The plane had no machine sending out radio signals.,35,A,Which of the following is,用得上：,识别是理解的前提，理解是运用的根本。在语言学习中，运用才是王道。,36,A,用得上：36A,定语从句在写作中的运用,37,A,定语从句在写作中的运用37A,常用句型一：由,as,引导的非限制性定语从句,As we have known,Marco Polo was a great explorer,.,常用句型二：由,who,或,which,引导的非限制性定语从句,Marco Polo,who was an Italian, travelled all around China.,38,A,常用句型一：由as引导的非限制性定语从句As we have,常用句型三：由,who,，,whom,，,whose,，,where,，,when,，,why,等引导的定语从句,(,包括限制性和非限制性定语从句,Marco Polo,traveled across Europe and Asia with his father, who wanted to do trade with the Chinese.,39,A,常用句型三：由who， whom， whose， where,用定语从句翻译短语,:,1.,一个出生在,Italy,的旅行家,a traveller,who,was born in Italy,2.,作燃料的黑色的石头,the black stones,（,which/that,）,people used to burn for fuel,.,3.,欧洲所没有的发明,the inventions,which,were not available in Europe,40,A,用定语从句翻译短语:40A,4.,大厅可轻易容纳,6000,人同时进餐的宫殿,the palace,hall can easily seat 6000 people for dinner,5.,他向另一个囚徒讲述他的故事的地方,the place,he told his stories to another prisoner,6.,人们不相信他的故事的原因,the reason,people didnt believe his stories,41,A,4. 大厅可轻易容纳6000人同时进餐的宫殿41A,恰当地使用定语从句可以提升作文的档次,42,A,恰当地使用定语从句可以提升作文的档次42A,例句示范：,杰克来自加拿大， 他在我们学校已经学习了,3,年,他不仅经常帮助我们学英语， 而且中文也讲的很不错。,Jack is from Canada.He has studied in our school for three years .He often helps us learn English .He speaks Chinese very well.,43,A,例句示范：杰克来自加拿大， 他在我们学校已经学习了3年,他不,杰克来自加拿大， 他在我们学校已经学习了,3,年,他不仅经常帮助我们学英语， 而且中文也讲的很不错。,Jack comes from Canada. He is a student of our school,where,he has studied for 3 years .,Not only,does he often help us learn English,but,he speaks Chinese fluently as well.,44,A,杰克来自加拿大， 他在我们学校已经学习了3年,他不仅经常帮助,杰克来自加拿大， 他在我们学校已经学习了,3,年,他不仅经常帮助我们学英语， 而且中文也讲的很不错。,Jack is a student of our school ,who,comes from Canada.,He has studied in our school for three years .He often helps us learn English ,and he speaks Chinese very well.,45,A,杰克来自加拿大， 他在我们学校已经学习了3年,他不仅经常,Our class is a big family. It is made up of 36 girls and 15 boys. All of them are very diligent and warm-hearted.,46,A,Our class is a big family.,Our class is a big family,which,is made up of 36 girls and15 boys,all of whom,are very diligent and warm-hearted.,47,A,Our class is a big family, whi,句式提升,48,A,句式提升48A,Without water, man cant live, so it is of great importance.,Water,without which man cant live,is of great importance.,句子,“,瘦身,”,。使用定语从句后句子更简练,49,A,Without water, man cant liv,He made brilliant remarks on the famous film.,The remarks,that he made on the famous film,was,brilliant.,He thought of an important way to deal with it.,The way,he thought of to deal with it,was of great,importance.,(“,高级,”,变中来；使用定语从句突出了,brilliant,和,importance),50,A,He made brilliant remarks on,练一练,把下列每组题中的两个简单句合并为一个含有定语从句的复合句,1.Marco Polo was a great explorer. He lived in China forsome time.,_,_,2.He traveled across Europe and Asia with his father.His father wanted to do trade with the Chinese.,_,51,A,练一练把下列每组题中的两个简单句合并为一个含有定语从句,3.,He traveled across Europe and Asia with his father.His father wanted to do trade with the Chinese.,_,_,4.,The arrived in Beijing. They were warmly welcomed by the Yuan Dynasty.,_,52,A,3. He traveled across Europe a,5.,The emperor was impressed by Marco Polo,.,Marco,was clever and could speak four languages.,_,_,6.,Marco was impressed by the the Summer Palace. The palaces hall can easily seat 6000 people for dinner.,_,53,A,5. The emperor was impressed b,7.,Marco was also surprised by the inventions and developments in China. They were not available in Europe at that time.,_,_,8.,Marco was confused by the black stones,. People used them to burn for fuel.,_,54,A,7. Marco was also surprised by,9.,Marco ruturned to his town. A local war broke out there.,_,_,10.,A local war broke out .During the war,Marco was the captainof a warship.,_,55,A,9. Marco ruturned to his town.,11.,Marco was caught by the enemy and put in prison.In the prison, he told his stories to another prisoner.The stories later became a best-selling book.,_,_,12.,People enjoyed reading his,stories about China,. Most of the stories were too fantastic to be true.,_,56,A,11. Marco was caught by the en,13.,Just before he died, aged 70, Marco was asked the question, “Was it all true?”.He replied to it, “I have only told half of what I saw!”,_,_,14.,Marco Polo was a very brave, determined, and courageous explorer.He set a good example to us.,_,57,A,13. Just before he died, aged,作业：,选用以上句子,写一篇有关,Marco Polo,的,文章。,58,A,作业：选用以上句子,写一篇有关Marco Polo的文,