高考时态总结详细讲解全课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,#,时态,指动作发生的,时间,和所处,状态,（状况）。,Mira,时态指动作发生的时间和所处状态（状况）。Mira,1,时态表示的,4,种,时间,现在,-,眼下这一时刻，或一段时间,。这一时间伸缩性,较大，可长可短。英语用动词原形或现在式表现在。,现在,work speak,时态表示的4种时间现在-眼下这一时刻，或一段时间。这一,2,时态表示的,4,种,时间,过去,-,指现在这时刻,以前的某一时刻、某一 段时间或者所有过去时间,。用动词的过去式表示过去。,worked spoke,现在,过去某一时刻,过去一段时间,时态表示的4种时间过去-指现在这时刻以前的某一时刻、某一,3,时态表示的,4,种,时间,将来,-,指,现在以后的任何时刻、时段或全部时间,。用,will,或,shall,表示将来。,will work will speak,现在,未来 某一时刻,未来 某一段时间,时态表示的4种时间将来 -指现在以后的任何时刻、时段或全,4,时态表示的,4,种,时间,过去将来,-,在,过去某时刻之后的时间,。一般我们说将来是以现在为起点往未来看，而过去将来是将起点往过去移一步，即过去某时间的未来 ，比如前天是过去的，前天以后的任何时间都是前天的将来，昨天、今天、明天，以后任何时间都是前天的将来。英语用动词,would,表过去将来。,现在,过去,过去将来,时态表示的4种时间过去将来 -在过去某时刻之后的时间。一,5,时态表示的,4,种,状态,一般,-,经常性的动作、状态；一次性的动作。,经常性的动作：,I,sing,English songs every day.,经常性的状态：,We,love,China.,一次性的动作：,They,climbed,up the mountain.,时态表示的4种状态一般-经常性的动作、状态；一次性的,6,时态表示的,4,种,状态,进行,-,表示在某一时刻或一段时间正在发生的动作。,某一时刻正在发生：,Jane,is writing,a letter.,某一段时间正在发生：,Now I,am working,in IBM.,时态表示的4种状态进行-表示在某一时刻或一段时间正在发,7,时态表示的,4,种,状态,完成,-,在某一时刻前已经做完的动作或一直持续的状态。,某时刻前完成的动作：,He,has graduated,from middle school.,某一时刻前已一直持续的状态：,She,has been a nurse,for two years.,时态表示的4种状态完成-在某一时刻前已经做完的动作或一,8,时态表示的,4,种,状态,完成进行,-,表示两个内容：在某一时刻前一直不断地进行的动作；这动作已结束了（有时也可能继续做下去）。,某时刻前一直不断地进行的动作：,你刚才一直在做什么？,What,have,you,been doing,?,I,have been playing,basketball.,时态表示的4种状态完成进行-表示两个内容：在某一时刻前,9,归纳总结,一般时态,-,强调动作本身。,进行时态,-,强调动作的过程。,完成时态,-,强调动作的结果。,完成进行时态,-,强调动作的连贯不断和结果。,具有原因和过程的描述性。,归纳总结一般时态-强调动作本身。,10,状态,基本结构,时间,一,般,进行,完成,完成进行,现在,过去,将来,过去将来,一般现在时,现在进行时,现在完成 时,现在完成进行时,一般过去时,一般将来时,过去将来时,过去进行时,过去完成时,过去完成进行时,将来进行时,将来完成时,将来完成 进行时,过去将来进行时,过去将来完成 时,过去将来完成进行时,状态基本结构 时间 一进行完成完成进行现在过,11,状态,基本结构,V,时间,一,般,进行,完成,完成进行,be+ V-ing,现在,过去,将来,过去将来,have+ P.P,have been,+V-ing,V/ V3,V-ed,+will,+would,work,work,s,am,working,is,working,are,working,have,worked,has,worked,have,been working,has,been working,work,ed,was,working,were,working,had,worked,had,been,working,will,work,shall,work,wil,l,be working,shall,be,working,will,have worked,shall,have worked,will,have been working,shall,have been working,would,work,should,work,would,be working,should,beworking,would,have been working,should,have been working,would,have worked,should,have worked,状态基本结构 V时间 一进行完成完成进行be,12,常用英语,7,种时态,常用英语7种时态,13,状态,基本结构,时间,一,般,进行,完成,完成进行,现在,过去,将来,过去将来,一般现在时,现在进行时,现在完成时,一般过去时,一般将来时,过去进行时,过去完成时,状态基本结构 时间 一进行完成完成进行现在过,14,返回目录,最常用的几种时态与时间状语的搭配,一般现在,every , sometimes,at , on Sunday,现在进行,now,现在完成,for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past years, always, recently,一般过去,yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now,过去进行,this morning, the whole morning, all day, yesterday, from nine to ten last evening when, while,过去完成,before, by, until, when, after, once, as soon as,一般将来,next, tomorrow, in,返回目录最常用的几种时态与时间状语的搭配一般现在every,15,一般现在时,1.,表示客观事实或普遍真理,如：,Practice makes perfect.,The world is round.,Oct.1st is our National Day.,一般现在时1.表示客观事实或普遍真理,16,2.,表示,目前的情况及反复发生的动作,，或,习惯性,的动作以及永久性的状态,如：,She seldom gets up before 6 in the morning.,I watch television every day.,We have a very good relationship with our parents.,常与,频率副词,连用,7,大频率副词：,always,usually,often,sometimes,once,seldom,rarely,hardly ever,never,2.表示目前的情况及反复发生的动作，或习惯性的动作以及永久性,17,4.,在,时间和条件状语从句,中可用一般现在时代替一般将来时。,Ill let you know,as soon as,I hear from him.,我一接到他的信就告诉你。,Hell go,if,it is fine tomorrow.,如果明天天气好，他就去。,I shall be away,when,he arrives.,等他到了我就不在了。,4.在时间和条件状语从句中可用一般现在时代替一般将来时。,18,一般过去时,结构,:,谓动用动词过去式,1.,在过去某个特定时间发生，也可以表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作。一般过去时不强调动作对现在的影响，只,说明过去的事情,。,如：,I had a word with Julia this morning.,今天早晨，我跟朱丽亚说了几句话。,一般过去时结构: 谓动用动词过去式,19,2.,带有确定的过去时间状语时，要用过去时。如：yesterday、two days ago,、last year,、the other day、just now、in the old days、 When I was 8 years old、at+一个时间点,Did you have a party the other day？ 前几天，你们开了晚会了吗？,Lei Feng was a good soldier. 雷锋是个好战士。,注意,:,在谈到已死去的人的情况时，多用过去时。,注：句子中谓语动词是用一般过去时还是用现在完成时，取决于动作是否对现在有影响。,2.带有确定的过去时间状语时，要用过去时。如：yesterd,20,1.,与,ago,连用：,a moment,two minutes,three hours,five days,one week,six months,four years,ago,4.,用于一般过去时的时间状语,1.与ago 连用：ago4.用于一般过去时的时间状语,21,last,time,night,week,month,term,Monday,yesterday,morning,afternoon,evening,the day before yesterday,2.,与,last,连用,3.,与,yesterday,连用：,lasttimeyesterdaymorningthe da,22,4.,与,one,连用：,one,morning,evening,day,Monday afternoon,5.,与,that,连用：,that,morning,winter,day,year,4.与one 连用：onemorning5.与that 连用,23,just now,in the old days,in those days,in 1980,the other day,at that time,once upon a time,6.,其他时间状语：,just now6.其他时间状语：,24,5,.,表示,过去一段时间内经常或反复,的动作。常与always，never等连用。,Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.,只是说明她过去的动作，不表明她现在是否常带着伞。（过去时）,Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella.,说明这是她的习惯，表明她现在仍然还习惯总带着一把伞（现在时）,Mrs. Peter is always carrying an umbrella. （进行时）,表示说话者对这一动作或行为厌烦,5.表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作。常与always，n,25,1.结构：,肯定句：主语+ will +do+其他,People will have robots in their homes.,否定句：主语+ will not /wont+do+其他,People will not/wont have robots in their homes.,will/shall+ V原（shall仅第一人称）,一般将来时,1.结构：will/shall+ V原（shall仅第一人称,26,2.时间状语：,tomorrow 明天,next week 下周,the day after tomorrow 后天,soon 不久,in the future 在将来,in+一段时间 多久之后才.,2.时间状语：tomorrow 明天,27,3.,一般将来时的几种构成形式,1.will+,动词原形,(I /we shall),2.be going to+,动词原形,3.be+to do,表示计划,责任,约定或命令,4. be about to do sth,表示正要做,马上要做,.,5.be+v-ing,6.,一般现在时表将来,3.一般将来时的几种构成形式1.will+动词原形 (I,28,1.will与shallv,1),表示一个将来的动作或状态，“要,会,”,S,he will go to the park tomorrow.,2,）表示不以人的意志为转移的自然发展的事。,Tom will be 18 next year.,Spring will come again.,Tomorrow will be Sunday.,高考时态总结详细讲解全课件,29,2,、,be going to,表示计划，安排要做的事,表示现在的迹象推断未来可能发生某事。,-,What _do this evening?,- I,am going to,do my lessons.,看那些乌云要下雨了,.,Loot at the dark clouds. It _rain.,is going to,are you going to,2、be going tois going toare yo,30,4.be about to do,表示正要做,马上要做.,(不能与表示将来的时间的状语连用),w,as /were about to do ,when,正要,突然发生,英语晚会即将开始,。,The English Evening Party is about to begin.,我正要出去,这时下起了雨.,I was about to go out when it began to rain.,高考时态总结详细讲解全课件,31,5.be +v-ing,go, come, leave, start, arrive, stay, fly,land, take off,等,动词,可用,现在进行时,表示,安排和计划或即将发生,的动作,。,我们明天动身去青岛,.,Were leaving for Qingdao.,5.be +v-ing,32,3. Write to me when you get home., _.,A. I must B. I should,C. I will D. I can,3. Write to me when you get h,33,4. Lets keep to the point or we _,any decisions.,A. will never reach,B. have never reached,C. never reach,D. never reached,4. Lets keep to the point or,34,5. If he _ to college, he _ a,lot more.,A. will go; learns,B. will go; is going to learn,C. goes; will learn,D. goes; is going to learn,5. If he _ to college, he,35,现在进行时,1.,表示,正在进行,的动作或者,一定时间段内经常进行,的动作,Who are you waiting for now?,Mr.Green is writing another novel.,结构,: be (am, are, is)+ doing,现在进行时结构: be (am, are, is)+ doi,36,2.,有些动词，如come, go, leave, return, arrive, begin, start等，它们的现在进行时可表示已经确定或者安排好的将来活动。,Mary is coming back from her visit to Shanghai next week.(,已经安排好了）,Were flying to Paris tomorrow.(,票已经买好了）,2.有些动词，如come, go, leave, retur,37,3.,现在进行时常与always, continually, constantly 等副词连用，表示反复出现的或习惯性的动作。这种用法常表示说话人的,主观色彩，如赞扬、遗憾、讨厌或不满,等。,例如：,He is always asking questions.,She is always complaining.,常用时间状语,now,at the moment,at present,3.现在进行时常与always, continually,38,过去进行时,常与,at ten yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while,连用,1.,过去进行时的基本用法主要表示过去,某一时间正在进行,的动作。,如：,He fell asleep when he was reading.,他看书时睡着了。,结构：,was/ were + doing,过去进行时结构：was/ were + doing,39,I first met Lisa three years ago . She _ at a radio shop at the time.,has worked B. was working,C. had been working D. had worked,40,2,、表示故事发生的背景。,It was snowing as the medical team made its way to the front.,那支医疗小组往前线行进时，天正下着雪。,2、表示故事发生的背景。,41,4.,表示位置移动的动词如,come, go, leave, fly, set off,等用过去进行时表示,按计划，安排过去某时刻将要发生的动作,。例：,He said they,were leaving for Beijing,the next day.,他说他们第二天要去北京。,4.表示位置移动的动词如come, go, leave, f,42,现在完成时,结构,:,have (has) + done,概念：,表示发生在过去，持续到现在，可能刚刚结束也有可能继续进行下去的动作或状态，甚至延续到将来，并对现在造成一定的影响或结果。常与,since+,过去时（间）, for+,一段时间连用。表示与现在有联系的过去的动作。,.,时间状语：,yet, already, just, never, ever, so far, by now, since+,时间点，,for+,时间段，,recently, lately, in the past few years, etc.,现在完成时结构: have (has) + done,43,1.,表示一个过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果和影响。,应该明确现在完成时态属于现在时态的范畴。它所,强调的,不是过去发生的动作，而是,对现在产生的结果和影响,。否则用一般过去时态就够了。,1.表示一个过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果和影响。,44,A-We will send some one to Africa.,B-I have been there.,= I was there before. Youd better send another one there.,Mother-What are you doing?,Son -Im watching TV. Ive done my homework.,= I finished my homework. I can watch TV now.,A-We will send some one to Af,45,注：因现在完成时态所关心的是对现在产生的结果和影响，并不在乎过去的动作是过去什么时间发生的，所以,不能和表示过去的时间状语连用,。因此当问及某一动作曾发生的具体时间和地点时，也不用完成时。例：,When did you get there?, When have you got there?,Where did you get that book?, Where have you got that book?,注：因现在完成时态所关心的是对现在产生的结果和影响，并不在乎,46,2.,表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在。,通常用于持续性较强的动词，例如：,live, study, wait for, be,等等，并且常常与,since, for,连用,since+,过去的一个时间点，如,since 1958,for+,一个时间段，如,for three years,。,2.表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在。通常用于持续性较强的动,47,完成时态在主从句中的用法,完成时态除上面讲到的几种基本用法之外，在主从句中通常可以用来表示,主句与从句动作发生的先后次序,。,Do you know he has finished his homework?,现在完成时态“has finished”表示发生在一般现在时态“know”之前。,完成时态在主从句中的用法,48,过去完成时,结构,:,had + done,概念：表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作,”,过去的过去,”,-|-|-|-,过去的过去,过去现在将来,You graduated (,毕业,) from Junior Middle School in July 2009. You,had stayed,there for 3 years,when you graduated,.,过去完成时结构: had + doneYou gradu,49,By the end of last te,r,m,we,had learnt,20 units.,现在,过去,过去的过去,the end of,last te,r,m,had learnt,时间线,用法,(1),表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或状态。句中常用,by,，,before,，,until,，,when,等词引导的时间状语。如：,现在过去过去的过去the end ofhad learnt时,50,2,.,表示过去未曾实现的愿望或打算,(“,本想”,; “,本来打算”,),。,I,had hoped,to see more of ShangHai.,I,had meant,to help you, but I was too busy at the moment.,I,had thought,you would come tomorrow.,2.表示过去未曾实现的愿望或打算(“本想”; “本来打算”),51,3,、常用于下列句型中：,1),Hardly /No sooner,(,过去完成时,)when /than,（一般过去时）。,2),It /This /That was the .time that,(,从句用过去完成时,),。,That was the second time that she had seen her grandfather.,3),It was +,一段时间,+since(,从句用过去完成时,),。,It was 3 years since we had parted。,3、常用于下列句型中：,52,1).When the police arrived, the thieves _(run away).,2).When I came into the classroom, my dear students _ (begin) reading,.,He walked in as if he,_,_ (buy) the school,.(12,广东）,had run away,had run away,had run away,had begun,had bought,1).When the police arrived, th,53,动词hope,expect,think,intend,mean,want,suppose,plan用过去完成时，表示未实现的愿望、打算和意图。,IhadhopedthatIcoulddothejob.,IhadintendedtoseeyoubutIwastoobusy,动词hope,expect,think,intend,54,易混淆点：,1.,一般过去时和现在完成时的用法区别,(1),一般过去时所表示的一个或一段过去时间是可以,具体确定,的，与其他时间没有牵连。它所表示的事情纯属过去，,与现在情况没有联系,。,现在完成时表示的事情发生在,不能具体指出,的,与现在有联系,的,易混淆点：,55,过去某个或某段时间。它所表示的事情与现在情况有关系，是,过去事情对现在产生的结果或对现在的影响。,(2),比较下面几组句子，体会两种时态的不同：,He served in the army from 1952 to 1954.,(,这是过去的一件事,),He has served in the army for 5 years.,(,现在他仍在军中服役，他仍是军人,),He wrote many plays when he was at college.,(,写剧本是他过去做的事情,),He has written many plays.,(,这意味着他是剧作家,),过去某个或某段时间。它所表示的事情与现在情况有关系，是过去事,56,I saw Hero last year.,(,看,英雄,的时间是去年，与现在无关,),I have seen Hero before.,(,强调现在知道这部电影的内容,。以前看过，但,“以前”是表示一个与现在有联系的过去时间，而不是一个确定的与现在无关的过去时间,),2.,一般过去时和过去完成时的用法区别,(1),一般过去时是,对现在说话时刻而言,的，过去完成时则是,对过去某一时刻而言。,两种时态建立的时间参照点不同，对过去完成时来说，这个时间参照点十分重要，它是过去完成概念赖以建立的基础，也是和一般过去时相区别的重要标准。,I saw Hero last year.,57,(2),过去完成时的时间状语常用,by和before引导的短语,表示，如,by that time,by the end of,before 2000,by the time,等。,3.,过去完成时与现在完成时的用法区别,(1),两种时态都常与表示一段时间的状语连用，但现在完成时表示的是,延续到现在或同现在有关的动作,(,句中不可以有表示过去特定时间的状语,),；而过去完成时表示的是在,过去某时之前已经完成或延续到过去某时的动作,(,句中有表示过去,特定时间,的状语,),。,(2)过去完成时的时间状语常用by和before引导的短语表,58,(2),比较下面的说法,She had been ill for a week before she came,back.,(,回来发生在过去某一时间，生病发生在过去的,过去,),She has been ill for a week.,(,现在仍然病着,),(2)比较下面的说法,59,Exercises,I usually _ up at 6:00, but yesterday I _ up at 7:00 and tomorrow I _ up at 6:30. (get),Listen! Someone _ (knock) at the door.,I _ (be) in Beijing for two years.,How often _ Andy _ (surf) the internet?,He fell asleep while he _ (read) a book.,get,will get,got,is knocking,have been,does,surf,was reading,Exercisesgetwill getgotis kno,60,6. I _ never _ (hear) of that man before.,7. My brother often _ (go) for walks last summer.,8. Lily said she _ (put) on the new dress the next day.,9. _ the story _ (happen) in London in 1949?,10. What _ his mother _ (do) when he opened the door?,have,heard,went,would put,Did,happen,was,doing,6. I _ never _ (h,61,12. _ your mother _ the piano every Sunday?,13. They _ (not) call you the day after tomorrow.,14. Tom _ (work) there since two years ago.,15. By the time I _ (walk) into the classroom, the teacher _ (start) teaching.,Does,has worked,wont,walked,had started,play,Does has workedwont walkedha,62,高考时态总结详细讲解全课件,63,高考时态总结详细讲解全课件,64,现在完成进行时,现在完成进行时,65,1.,表示动作,从过去开始一直延续到现在,，还可能持续到将来。,I,have been living,in Foshan for eight years.,我在佛山生活八年了。,2.,表示动作从过去开始一直延续到刚才。动作虽已结束，但,强调动作所产生的结果和影响,。如：,They are very tired. They,have been working,hard.,他们很劳累。他们一直在努力工作。,(,强调结果,),1. 表示动作从过去开始一直延续到现在，还可能持续到将来。,66,3.,表示某一动作在直到说话时为止的,一段时间里重复发生,。如：,(1) We,have been seeing,each other quite often recently.,最近我们经常见面。,(2) I,have been going,to the hospital this month.,我这个月总是往医院跑。,3. 表示某一动作在直到说话时为止的一段时间里重复发生。如：,67,4.,表示一定的,感情色彩,，这也是现在完成进行时所包含的一个进行时态的特点。如：,(1) She,has been calling,me several times this week.,她这个星期打了好几次电话给我。,(,含有“,厌烦,”的意味,),(2) You,have been making,too much trouble today.,你今天惹了太多麻烦了。,(,含有“,指责,”的意味,),4. 表示一定的感情色彩，这也是现在完成进行时所包含的一个进,68,在许多情况下既可以用 be going to结构又可以用 will动词原形，但是它们之间是有差别的，因此有些场合只能用其中之一。,其主要差别是：,A,.,be going to结构总是表示经过预先思考的意图，常常是等于,意图计划,。will动词原形只表示,意图,，这意图通常是未经过预先思考的，虽然并不尽然。,因此，如果已经,为这一行动做了准备,，就必须用 be going to：Some workmen arrived today with a rollerI think they are going to repair our road如果意图明显地未经过预先思考，就必须用will：,There is somebody at the hall door,Ill go and open it,在许多情况下既可以用 be going to结构又可以用 w,69,如果没有明显迹象表明意图是否经过思考，则 be going to或will都可以使用：,I will/am going to climb that mountain one day,B.,在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用 be going to, 而多用will, 如：,If any beasts comes at you, Ill stay with you and help you.,C.,有迹象表明，用,be going to,无则用,will,Look at the clouds, its going to be another storm,如果没有明显迹象表明意图是否经过思考，则 be going,70,