高考英语——情态动词课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2018/6/29,#,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,二级,三级,四级,五级,2018/6/29,#,课件说明,知识,点说明：情态动词在高考各种题型中均有涉及，而且是掌握的重难点，学生需要对每一种情态动词的用法都熟记在心才能做好这方面的题目。,课件,设置,：本课件讲解了情态动词的定义、用法以及总结和练习。注意：老师在课前务必认真备课。,课件难度：中等,适合学员：高二,课件说明,1,情态动词,情态动词,2,学习目标,Course Objectives,掌握情态动词的用法,理解情态动词的含义,学习目标Course Objectives掌握情态动词的用法,3,目录,Catalog,1,情态动词的定义,2,情态动词的用法,3,总结与练习,目录Catalog1 情态动词的定义,4,PART 01,情态动词的定义,PART 01情态动词的定义,5,情态动词的定义,情态动词（,Modal verbs,）本身有一定的词义，表示语气的单词。但是不能独立作谓语，只能和动词原形一起构成谓语。,情态动词用在行为动词前，表示说话人对这一动作或状态的看法或主观设想。,情态动词的定义情态动词（Modal verbs）本身有一定的,6,PART 02,情态动词的用法,PART 02情态动词的用法,7,情态动词的用法,1.,介绍,情态动词虽然数量不多，但用途广泛，主要有下列：,can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would) must,情态动词的用法1. 介绍,8,情态动词的用法,2.,分类,只做情态动词,：,may, might, must.,.,可做情态动词又可做实义动词：,need, dare, can.,具有情态动词特征：,have(had,has) to, used to, ought to,可做情态动词又可作助动词：,shall(should), will(would),情态动词的用法2. 分类,9,情态动词的用法,3.,用法,1,）,can,与,could,表示“能力;许可;可能性”等,，,could,为,can,的过去式,。,a. Can I use your bike?,b. He can speak English very well.,情态动词的用法3. 用法,10,情态动词的用法,can,用在疑问句中，表示征求意见、请求许可，答语仍用,can,;,could,用在疑问句中，比,can,更委婉、客气，是一种礼貌的说法，并不表示过去时态，答语用,can,，而不能用,could,。,Could you tell me the way to the zoo?,Sorry. I cant. Im new here.,情态动词的用法can 用在疑问句中，表示征求意见、请求许可,11,情态动词的用法,can,用在否定句中可以表示否定推测,That,cant,be Mr Wang. He has gone to Beijing,.,情态动词的用法can用在否定句中可以表示否定推测,12,情态动词的用法,【,注意,】,can,和,could,只能用于现在时和过去时两种时态，将来时中用,be able to,。,Im able to learn how to play the piano in five months.,情态动词的用法【注意】can 和could 只能用于现在时和,13,情态动词的用法,2,）,may,与,might,may/might,意为“可以”，表示同意、许可或请求对方许可，也可表示祝愿。,may,的否定形式为,may not。,a. May,I use your pen?,b.,May you be happy!,情态动词的用法2）may与might,14,情态动词的用法,might,是,may,的过去式，有两种用法：,一种表示过去式;,一种表示虚拟语气，使语气更加委婉、客气，或表示可能性更小。,a. Might I borrow some money now?,b. He might be alive.,情态动词的用法might 是may 的过去式，有两种用法：,15,情态动词的用法,【,注意,】,以,may,开头的一般疑问句，其否定回答用,mustnt,而不用,may not。,情态动词的用法【注意】以may开头的一般疑问句，其否定回答用,16,情态动词的用法,3,）,must,must,意为“必须，一定，准是”，表示说话人认为有必要做某事，或命令、要求别人做某事以及对事物的推测。否定形式,mustnt, 表示“不得”，“一定不要”。,a.,I,must,finish my work today,.,b.,You mustnt drive after drinking,.,情态动词的用法3）must,17,情态动词的用法,【注意】,must,与,have to,的区别：,must,表示说话人的主观意愿;,have to,表示客观需要。,a.,I must do my homework first,.,b.,It is raining hard outside; I,have to,stay at home,.,情态动词的用法【注意】must 与 have to 的区别：,18,情态动词的用法,回答由,must,引导的疑问句的提问,肯定回答,：,Yes, must.,Must I go home now?,Yes, you must.,情态动词的用法回答由must 引导的疑问句的提问,19,情态动词的用法,否定回答：,No，neednt./No，dont/doesnt have to.,Must I go home now?,No, you _.,情态动词的用法否定回答：No，neednt./No，d,20,情态动词的用法,must,表示对事物的推测，意为“想必;一定”，只用于肯定句中;表“推测”时，情态动词与动词原形(常为,be,动词)连用,。,The man must be our teacher,.,情态动词的用法must 表示对事物的推测，意为“想必;一定,21,情态动词的用法,4,）,ought to,表示义务或责任，意为“应该”,。,a.,Teachers ought to be honored.,b.,Every citizen ought to obey law.,情态动词的用法4）ought to,22,情态动词的用法,表示建议或劝告，意为“应该”,。,a.,There ought to be more buses during the rush hour.,b.,You ought to see her new film.,情态动词的用法表示建议或劝告，意为“应该”。,23,情态动词的用法,表示推断，意为“应该”、“可能”,。,A.,ought to + 动词原形，表示对现在或将来情况的推测。,a.,Prices ought to come down soon.,b.,If he started at nine, he ought to be here by now.,情态动词的用法表示推断，意为“应该”、“可能”。,24,情态动词的用法,B.,ought to,+进行式，表示对正在发生的情况的,判断。,a.,You oughtnt to be talking so much.,b.,You ought not to be sitting here. Its for old man only.,c.,You ought to be wearing your shirt.,情态动词的用法B. ought to +进行式，表示对正在发,25,情态动词的用法,C.,ought to,+完成式，表示对过去情况的推测;也可表示过去本该发生而实际上未发生的情况,。,a.,There are many books which I ought to have read, and still ought to read.,b.,I ought to have helped her，but I never could.,c.,You ought to have come earlier.,情态动词的用法C. ought to +完成式，表示对过去情,26,情态动词的用法,【注意】,ought to,与,should,的用法区别,（,1,）,一般说来，二者可替换，只是ought to语气稍重些。,a.,He ought to / should have arrived long ago.,b.,You should / ought to have come yesterday.,情态动词的用法【注意】ought to与 should的用法,27,情态动词的用法,（,2,）,表示因责任、义务等或表示出于法令规则、行为准则、道德责任等客观情况该做的事时，常用,ought to; should,则含有个人意见，强调主观看法。,a.,You are his parents. You ought to take care of him.,b.,They oughtnt to let their dog run on the road.,c.,Such things ought not to be allowed.,情态动词的用法（2） 表示因责任、义务等或表示出于法令规则、,28,情态动词的用法,（,3,）,在公告、须知或条例中，出于礼貌，常用,should,。,You should not run alongside the swimming-pool.,情态动词的用法（3）在公告、须知或条例中，出于礼貌，常用sh,29,情态动词的用法,5,）,will,与,would,表示意愿,：,will,表示现在,或将来,的意愿，,would,表示过去的意愿。,a.,I will bring it tomorrow.,b.,We will not go there again.,c.,He asked if I would go to the cinema with him.,情态动词的用法5）will与would,30,情态动词的用法,表示征求意见或提出请求,will,和,would,均可用，主要用于第二人称的疑问句中，,would,此时并不表过去，而表示委婉语气。,a.,Will / would you please tell me the way to the post office?,b.,Will / Wont you have some tea?,情态动词的用法表示征求意见或提出请求,31,情态动词的用法, would,有时与,like, love, hate, prefer, be glad, be happy,等连用，用于提出建议或邀请。,a.,Would you like some cake or biscuit?,b.,I,d like / love a coffee.,c.,I would hate you to think I was criticizing you.,情态动词的用法 would有时与like, love, h,32,情态动词的用法,表示习惯和倾向性,a.,Fish will die out of water.,b.,This door wont open.,c.,He will sit for hours without saying a word.,d.,She would lose the key!,情态动词的用法表示习惯和倾向性,33,情态动词的用法,表示推测,：,will,用于推测现在，,would,用于推测过去，也可用于推测现在，语气较委婉。,a.,This bus will hold 40 people.,b.,The teacher will be over fifty.,c.,That would,happen,in 1978, I think.,d.,That would be her father.,情态动词的用法表示推测：will用于推测现在，would用,34,情态动词的用法, 有时,will / would,+完成式，表示对过去可能已经发生的情况的推测。,a.,He will have heard the news.,b.,I thought you would have finished it by now.,情态动词的用法 有时will / would+完成式，表示,35,情态动词的用法,表示执意或决心,a.,He will have his own way.,b.,I wont have you say such things.,c.,He would do it, though I told him not to.,情态动词的用法表示执意或决心,36,情态动词的用法,表示命令、许诺、指示、叮嘱等,。,a.,You will carry out these instructions and report back this afternoon.,b.,Will you be quiet!,情态动词的用法表示命令、许诺、指示、叮嘱等。,37,情态动词的用法,would用于评论某一特定的行为,。,a.,That,s just what he would say.,b.,It would rain on the day we choose for a picnic!,情态动词的用法would用于评论某一特定的行为。,38,情态动词的用法,would表示过去反复发生的动作,a.,Now and then he would come to see me.,b.,We would play catch here.,情态动词的用法would表示过去反复发生的动作,39,情态动词的用法,would,用于虚拟条件句,a.,If I had money, I would go abroad.,b.,If he had been there, he would have helped you.,情态动词的用法would用于虚拟条件句,40,情态动词的用法,6,）,dare,dare,作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中, 过去式形式为,dared。,a.,How dare you say Im unfair?,b.,He darent speak English before such a crowd, dare he?,c.,If we dared not go there that day， we couldnt get the beautiful flowers.,情态动词的用法6）dare,41,情态动词的用法,dare,作实义动词用时， 有人称、时态和数的变化。在肯定句中，,dare,后面常接带,to,的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中，,dare,后面可接带,to,或不带,to,的不定式。,a.,dare to swim across this river.,b.,He doesn,t dare (to) answer.,c.,He needs to finish his homework today.,情态动词的用法 dare作实义动词用时， 有人称、时态和数,42,PART 03,总结与练习,PART 03总结与练习,43,总结与练习,情态动词,用法,否定式,疑问式与简答,can,能力（体力，智力，技能）,允许或许可（口语中常用）,可能性（表猜测，用于否定句或疑问句中）,can not / cannot /can,t do,Cando?,Yes,can.,No,can,t.,could,couldn,t do,may,可以（问句中表示请求）,可能，或许（表推测）,祝愿（用于倒装句中）,may not do,Maydo? Yes,may.,No,mustn,t/can,t.,might,might not do,Mightdo? Yes,might,No,might not.,总结与练习情态动词用法否定式疑问式与简答can能力（体力，,44,总结与练习,情态动词,用法,否定式,疑问式与简答,must,必须，应该（表主观要求）,肯定，想必（肯定句中表推测）,must not/mustn,t do,Mustdo? Yes,must.,No,needn,t/don,t have to.,ought to,应当（表示义务责任，口语中多用should,ought not to/oughtn,t to do,Oughtto do?,Yes,ought. No,oughtn,t.,shall,用于一三人称征求对方意见,用于二三人称表示许诺、命令、警告、威胁等,shall not/shan,t do,Shalldo?,Yes,shall. No,shan,t,总结与练习情态动词用法否定式疑问式与简答must必须，应该,45,总结与练习,情态动词,用法,否定式,疑问式和简答,will,意愿，决心,请求，建议，用在问句中would比较委婉,will not/won,t do,Willdo?,Yes,will. No,won,t.,would not/wouldn,t do,would,should,应当，应该（表义务责任）,本该（含有责备意味）,should not/shouldn,t do,Shoulddo?,dare,敢（常用于否定句和疑问句中）,dare not/daren,t do,Daredo?,Yes,dare. No,daren,t.,need,需要,必须（常用于否定句和疑问句中）,need not/needn,t do,Needdo?,Yes,must. No,needn,t.,总结与练习情态动词用法否定式疑问式和简答will意愿，决心w,46,总结与练习,随堂练习,1.,There _ some flowers in the garden.,A. were used to be B. used to be,C. uses to be D. used to be having,2.,All the lights are on, the Smiths _ up.,A. must get B. is getting,C. must be getting D. would get,总结与练习随堂练习,47,总结与练习,3.,Mum, may I watch TV now?,Sure, but you _ help me with my English.,A. can B. may C. must D. could,4,. _ I download the article again?,No, you neednt.,A. Shall B. Will C. Must D. Can,5.,You must come back every month.,Yes, I _.,A. will B. must C. should D. can,总结与练习3. Mum, may I watch TV n,48,总结与练习,6.,Who is the boy over there? Is it John?,No, it _ be him. John is much taller.,A. mustnt B. may not C. cant D. neednt,7,. Can you play Frisbee, Jay?,Yes, I _. Its easy.,A. must B. can C. need D. may,8.,She _ know the answer, but Im not sure.,A. maybe B. may be C. may D. must,总结与练习6. Who is the boy over th,49,总结与练习,答案,1-5,：,BCCCA,6-8,：,CBC,总结与练习答案,50,