初中英语动词讲解-完整版ppt课件

,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,动词的分类,动词的分类,什么是动词？,动词是用来,表示主语做什么,（即行为动词），或,表示主语是什么或怎么样,（即状态动词）的词,什么是动词？动词是用来表示主语做什么（即行为动,动词可以按照含义及它们在句中的作用分成四类,（一）行为动词,行为动词（实义动词）是表示行为、动作或状态的词。它的词义完整，可以单独作谓语。例如：,I,live,in Beijing with my mother.,（我和我妈妈住在北京。）,It,has,a round face.,（它有一张圆脸。）,（二）连系动词,连系动词是表示主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的词，它虽有词义，但不完整，所以不能单独作谓语，必须跟表语一起构成合成谓语，例如：,We,are,in Grade Two this year.,（今年我们在两年级。）,She,looked,tired.,（她看一去很疲劳。）,动词可以按照含义及它们在句中的作用分成四类（一）行为动词,动词可以按照含义及它们在句中的作用分成四类,（三）助动词,这类词本身无词义，不能单独作谓语，只能与主要动词一起构成谓语，表示不同的时态、语态、表示句子的否定和疑问，例如：,He,does,not speak English well.,（他英语讲得不好。）,A dog,is,running after a cat.,（一条狗正在追逐一只猫。）,（四）情态动词,这类词本身虽有意义，但不完整。它们表示说话人的能力、说话人的语气或情态，如“可能”、“应当”等。这类动词有,can,may,must,need,dare,could,might,等。它们不能单独作谓语，必须与行为动词（原形）一起作谓语，表示完整的意思，例如：,I,can,dance.,（我会跳舞。）,动词可以按照含义及它们在句中的作用分成四类（三）助动词,及物动词和不及物动词,行为动词按是否能够接宾语被划分成及物动词和不及物动词。,1,、许多动词可用作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词，他阅读中必须仔细体会和区别，例如：,Who is going to,speak,at the meeting?,（谁打算在会上发言？）,Few people outside China,speak,Chinese.,（在中国外很少人讲汉语。）,2,、要特别注意有些动词英汉之间的差异。某些词在英语中是不及物的，而在汉语中却是及物的。有时则相反。例如：,He is,waiting,for you.,（他在等你。）,Serve,the people.,（为人民服务。）,及物动词和不及物动词行为动词按是否能够接宾语被划分成及物动词,3.,动词,+,间接宾语,+,直接宾语,bring,hand,lend,mail,offer,owe,pass,post,read,return,send,sell,show,take,teach,tell,throw,write,+sb+sth/,sth,to,sb,3.动词+间接宾语+直接宾语+sb+sth/,book,buy,choose,cook,draw,fetch,find,fix,get,make,order,pick,prepare save sing,spare steal,+sb sth/,sth,for,sb,book,buy,choose+sb sth/,不及物动词,1.,没有被动形式的词,happen,occur,rise,lie,die,2.,主动表示被动的词。动词,+,(well,poorly,easily),sell,wash,burn,cook,cut,drive,dress,play,last,open,write,start,run,read,operate,break,measure,weigh,1.Dry wood,burns,easily.,2.The cloth,washes,well.,不及物动词1.没有被动形式的词2.主动表示被动的词。动词,既作及物又有不及物动词的词,他跑的快。,He runs fast.,他经营一家工厂。,He runs a factory.,study,，,fly,，,run,change,既作及物又有不及物动词的词他跑的快。,1.,她昨天回家很晚。,2.,会议将持续两个小时。,3.,在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。,（一）主谓结构,1.She went home very late yesterday evening.2.The meeting will last two hours.3.Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past ten years.,1.她昨天回家很晚。,4.,秋天有些鸟飞到南方去。,5.,我的爷爷早晨起得很早。,6.,每天下午有许多学生到图书馆来借书。,4.In autumn,some birds fly to the south.5.My grandfather gets up early in the morning.6.Every afternoon a lot of students come to the library to borrow books.,4.秋天有些鸟,（二）系表结构,1.,冬季白天短，夜晚长。,2.,布朗夫人看起来很健康。,3.,十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。,1.In winter,the days are short and the nights are long.2.Mrs Brown looks very healthy.3.At the age of fifteen he became a famous pianist.,（二）系表结构 1.冬季白天短，夜晚长。,（三）主谓宾结构,1.,昨晚我写了一封信。,2.,他们成功地完成了计划。,3.,你们必须在两周内看完这些书。,1.I wrote a letter last night.2.They have carried out the plan successfully.3.You must finish reading these books in two weeks.,（三）主谓宾结构1.昨晚我写了一封信。,（四）,复合宾语结构,1.,他的父母给他取名为,John.2.,我们大家都认为他是诚实的。,3.,他们把门推开了。,4.,我们要使学校变得更美丽。,1.His parents named him John.2.All of us considered him honest.3.They pushed the door open.4.We will make our school more beautiful.,（四）复合宾语结构 1.他的父母给他取名为John.,1.,这本书让孩子们读太难了,.,2.,董事们选举约翰为银行经理,.,3.,他发现他们坐在桌旁下棋,.,4.,老人凝望着照片,陷入了沉思,.,1.This book is,rather too difficult,for children.,2.The directors,elected John manager,of the bank.,3.He found them,seated at the table,playing chess.,4.The old man was deep in thought,with his eyes fixed on the photo,.,简单句基本句型,1.这本书让孩子们读太难了.1.This,二、动词考察点分项说明：,（,一）、掌握动词的现在时第三人称单数、过去式、,过去分词和现在分词四种形式的构成规则；,1,、动词现在时的第三人称单数的构成：,二、动词考察点分项说明：（一）、掌握动词的现在时第三人称单数,2,、动词的过去式及过去分词的构成 规则动词的变化,：,规则动词的过去式和过去分词的构成方法是相同的。,不规则动词的变化。（见九年级英语下册不规则动词表）,2、动词的过去式及过去分词的构成 规则动词的变化：,3,、动词的现在分词的构成：,3、动词的现在分词的构成：,三、掌握系动词,be,look,feel,smell,get,become,turn,keep,等的基本用法；,常见的连系动词有：,become,turn,get,grow,keep,feel,look,seem,smell,fall,等。,它,们后面常接形容词，构成系表结构。,Please keep the classroom clean.,请保持教室的干净。,The bread looks very fresh.,这些面包看上去很新鲜。,三、掌握系动词be,look,feel,smell,状态变化系动词,go,come,turn,grow,fall,get,become,状态变化系动词gocometurngrowfallget,四、掌握助动词,be,do,have,shall,will,的基本用法；,助动词是“辅助性”动词，一般没有词义，不能单独,作谓语，但可用来帮助构成谓语，表示不同的时态，,语态，和数的变化。,常见的助动词有：,（,1,）,be(am,is,are,was,were,being,been),与现在分词结合，,构成各种进行时态；或与过去分词结合构成被动语态。,Im looking for my pen.,我正在找我的笔。（现在进行时）,These cups are made in China.,这些杯子是中国制造的。（被动语态）,四、掌握助动词be,do,have,shall,wi,（,五）掌握情态动词,can,must,need,may,等基本句型结构及主要用法,情态动词在英文中是,“,辅助性,”,动词，用来表示说话人的语气或情态，包括请求、命令、允诺、可能、需要、敢于、愿望、义务、能力等。情态动词本身有词义，但词义不完全，不能单独用作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，且后面只跟动词原形。,情态动词的种类：,（五）掌握情态动词can,must,need,may等,一、连系动词(,be,look,get),二、使役、感观动词(,let,make,feel,三、主动表被动(,sell,write,）,四、只接动名词做宾语(,mind,enjoy),五、只接不定式作宾语(,ask,decide),六、宾语不同、意义不同 (,stop),七、,接动名词、不定式意义区别不大(,like),八、宾语不同、但意义相 同(,need,require),九、接宾语和宾补、形式不同(,allow),十、接虚拟语气(,suggest),十一、瞬间非延续性动词(,come),十二、表计划未能实现的动词(,plan),十三、情感动词类(,excite),十四、否定前移类(,think),十五、不带不定式作复合宾语(,wish,hope),十六、,省略替代类(,guess),一、连系动词(be,look,get),四、只接动名词做宾语的词/词组,mind,risk,avoid,enjoy,miss,keep,suggest,appreciate,practice,delay,finish,dislike,excuse,imagine,consider,forbid,escape admit,advise,allow,put off,give up,be worth,be busy,devoteto,look forward to,be used to,lead to,succeed in,spend/waste time(in)have a good/hard time(in)have difficulty/trouble(in)there is no use(in),四、只接动名词做宾语的词/词组mind,risk,avo,1.She looked forward every spring to_ the flower-lined garden.,A.visit B.paying a visit,C.walk in D.walking in,2.I would appreciate_back this afternoon.,A.you to call B.you call,C.your calling D.youre calling,3.The day he has looked forward to_,at last.,A.coming B.came C.come D.comes,D,C,B,1.She looked forward every spr,口诀：,喜欢、考虑不可免（,enjoy,consider,escape,avoid）,停止，放弃太冒险（,stop,give up,risk）,反对想象莫推延（,mind,imagine,delay,put off）,要求完成是期望（,require,finish,look forward to.）,建议继续勤操练（,suggest,go on,practice）,不禁原谅要坚持（,cant help,excuse,insist on）,继续注意使成功（,keep on,mind,succeed in）,口诀：,五、只接不定式作宾语的词/词组,decide,expect,hope,wish,order,refuse,promise,pretend,agree,seem,attempt,fail,offer,happen,warn,afford,make up ones mind to,be determined to used to,be about to,be able to,have to would like/love to=should like/love to,1.I would love_to the party last night.,A.to go B.to have gone C.going D.having gone,A,五、只接不定式作宾语的词/词组decide,expect,2.Mr Smith warned her son_after drinking.A.never to drive B.to never drive C.never driving D.never drive,3.She pretended_me when I passed by.A.not to see B.not seeing C.to not see D.having not seen,A,A,2.Mr Smith warned her son_,口诀1：,三个希望两答应：,hope，wish，want，agree，promise,两个要求莫拒绝：,demand，ask，refuse,设法学会做决定：,manage，learn，decide,不要假装在选择：,pretend，choose,口诀2：,“,要想干，同意办，愿意不愿意，决定尽量干。,”,a,要求，想要，希望,(,want,wish,hope,expect,intend,mean)b,同意,(,agree,promise)c,意愿,(,care,hate,refuse)d,决定，企图,(,determine,decide,offer,attempt,try,manage,),口诀1：,六、宾语不同、意义不同,1),go on to do/go on doing,2)stop to do/stop doing,3)remember to do/remember doing,4)forget to do/forget doing,5)mean to do/mean doing,6)regret to do/regret doing,7)try to do/try doing,8)cant help(to)do/cant help doing,六、宾语不同、意义不同1)go on to do/go,口诀：,能接不定式，又能接动名词，但意思不同的动词或词组：,forget,go on,mean,remember,stop,try,，,regret,巧记，,即,四,记,力争不后悔,。四记指,(,记得,/,记住；忘记；计划,/,打算；继续,),；力争指,try,；,不后悔指,stop regretting-stop,与,regret,。,初中英语动词讲解-完整版ppt课件,七、接动名词、不定式意义区别不大,begin,start,continue,like,love,hate prefer,It,began,raining.,It,is beginning,to rain.,I,prefer,staying home,to,going out.,I,prefer,to stay,home rather than,go out,.,七、接动名词、不定式意义区别不大begin,start,Tired as he was,he,continued,to work.=Though he was very tired,he,continued,working,.,He,likes,playing football,but he doesnt,like,to play football,today.,Tired as he was,he continued t,十、接虚拟语气的词,1),insist,2)order,command 4)advise,suggest,propose,recommend 4)demand,ask,require,request,1.He,ordered,that we,(should),leave at once.,2.His,order,that we,(should),leave at once was right.,十、接虚拟语气的词1)insist 2)order,c,3.He,insisted,that his brother_ there.,A.go B.went C.going D.to go,4.He,insisted,that he_ nothing wrong and _ set free.,A.do;be B.had done;was,C.had done;be D.did;was,5.His voice,suggested,that he_angry.,A.is B.be C.was D.were,6.He,suggested,that the boy _ sent to hospital at once.,A.was B.be C.is D.were,A,C,C,B,“坚持说；坚决认为”，接,that,从句，用陈述语气即是陈述已知或发生过的事,3.He insisted that his brother,口诀1：,一坚持，二命令，三建议，四要求,其宾语从句用,“,should+,动词原形,”,，,should,既可以省略，,should,也可以保留。,一坚持，即,insist,；,二命令，即,order,command,；,三建议，即,suggest,propose,advise,；,四要求，即,ask,demand,require,request,。,口诀1：,口诀2：,“,i drop caps,”,在某些表示请求、命令、建议等动词后面的宾语从句中，,谓语动词要用动词原形或,should+,动词原形。,i,insist,d,demand,r,request/require/recommend,o,order,p,propose,c,command,a,advise,p,prefer,s,suggest.,口诀2：,十一、瞬间非延续性动词,go,come,leave,start,return,arrive,stop,finish,borrow,lend,open,close,die,become,break,join,kill,marry,graduate,buy,marry-be married seat-be seated,hide-be hidden engage-be engaged,die-be dead begin-be on join-be in,borrow-keep come-be/stay,leave-be away buy-have=have got,十一、瞬间非延续性动词go,come,leave,st,1.He,died,ten years ago,thats to say,he has _ for ten years.,A.been died B.been dead,C.died D.been dying,2.When Jack,arrived,he learned Mary,_for almost an hour.,A.had gone B.had set off,C.had left D.had been away,B,D,1.He died ten years ago,thats,He,is,leaving,for Beijing tomorrow.,The boy is so sick that he,is,dying,fast.,The bus,is,coming,.,The train,is,leaving,.,He is leaving for Beijing tomo,1.The news sounds _.(encourage),2.The play was so _ that nearly everybody was _ to tears.(move),3.Looking at her paper,she nodded with a_ smile on her face.(satisfy),4.He looked at me with a_look.(puzzle),encouraging,moving,satisfied,moved,puzzled,1.The news sounds _,十四,、,否定前移类,believe,imagine,suppose,think,feel,guess,1.I,dont think,he can finish the work,_?A.cant he B.can he C.do I D.dont I,2.We,dont believe,she knows it,_?A.does she B.doesnt she C.do we D.dont we,3.You,dont think,he can finish it,_?A.do you B.dont you C.can he D.cant he,B,A,A,十四、否定前移类believe,imagine,sup,口诀：,“,否定转移,”,的,5,个常用词：,我认为（,think,）,猜想（,suppose,）,与想象（,imagine,）,都不可相信（,believe,），,我期待（,expect,）,等着你的回答。,eg:I don,t think he,ll come tomorrow.,初中英语动词讲解-完整版ppt课件,十五,、,不带不定式作复合宾语,hope,agree,suggest,demand,imagine,would rather,I,wish,him to come.,=I,hope,that he will come.,I,allowed,/,permitted,him to go there.,=I,agreed,that he can go there.,十五、不带不定式作复合宾语hope,agree,sugg,He,advised,me,to,do,it right now.,=He,suggested,(to me),that I,(should),do,it right now.,I,prefer,him,to,go,there.,=I,would,rather,he,went,there.,I,cant,imagine,such a girl like Mary,doing,such a thing.,He,wanted,me,to,do,it.,=He,demanded,that I(should),do,it.,He advised me to do it right n,口诀：,(1),劝教命请叫,(,advise,teach,order,command,ask,teld)(2),允许又警告,(,allow,permit,warn)(3),使役表意向,(,cause,let,have,make,lead,set,leave,get,wish,want,expect)(4),知觉动词妙,(,feel,hear,watch,see,observe,notice),口诀：,十六,、,省略替代类,1）,believe,think,suppose,expect,guess,I think so.I think not=I dont think so,2)hope,fear,be afraid+so/not,3)intend,want,plan,wish,like,love,hate,hope,try,would(should)like/love to,十六、省略替代类1）believe,think,sup,Do you want to have a rest?Yes,I want,to,but I cant.,Did you get the new stamps?No,I tried,to,but there wasnt any left in that post office.,I didnt mean to call you at late night,but I had,to,as I did have something important to tell you.,Do you want to have a rest?,