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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,0,数词的定义,数词是表示数目多少或先后顺序的词,有基数词和序数词两种。,表数量的数词叫基数词，如,one,two,three,表顺序的数词叫序数词，如,first,second,third,fourth,fifth,.,第1页/共47页,数词的定义 第1页/共47页,1,基数词,构成,1,）,112,单独记,one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,2)1319,词尾为,-teen,：,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,3)2090,逢整十词尾为,-ty,：,twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,.,4)21 99,在十位数和个位数之间加连字符构成，如：,73 seventy-three,88 eighty-eight,第2页/共47页,基数词第2页/共47页,2,5)101 999,先说几百，再加,and,再加末尾两位数，如：,178 one hundred and seventy-eight,6)1000,以上的数词，先从后向前数，每三位用一个数逗点“，”隔开。第一个“，”是,thousand,千，第二个“，”是,million,百万，第三个“，”是,billion,美语中的十亿（英国用,thousand million,），然后一节一节地用几百几十几的方法来数。,第3页/共47页,5)101 999先说几百，再加and,再加末尾两位数，如,3,基数词的使用,基数词可在句中作主语、表语、定语、状语、介宾、同位语。,Two,of them are students.,主语,Two and two are,four,.,表语,We,two,joined the army.,同位语,Two thousand,people were present at the meeting.,定语,第4页/共47页,基数词的使用第4页/共47页,4,基数词使用的注意事项,1,）,hundred,thousand,million,billion,score(20),dozen(12),前有数词表示具体数目时，这些词不加“,s”,。当其前无具体数词时，这些数词要加“,s”,后再加,of,连接名词，来表示不具体的量。,如：,five hundred people,two score apples,hundreds of people,scores of pears,thousands of,thousands and thousands of,tens of thousands of,millions of,a few hundred men,many thousands of men,some/several million(s of)men,第5页/共47页,基数词使用的注意事项第5页/共47页,5,2),表示“几十”的数词的复数形式前用形容词性物主代词修饰可用来表示“在某人,十几岁时”；用定冠词修饰表示“,年代”。,in ones early twenties(thirties),在某人二十（三十）几岁时,the 1840s/the 1840s 19,世纪,40,年代,the 1980s/the 1980s 20,世纪,80,年代,第6页/共47页,2)表示“几十”的数词的复数形式前用形容词性物主代词修饰可用,6,十亿以上的大数，英美有不同的表示：,英国英语 美国英语,十亿,thousand million one billion,百亿,ten thousand million ten billion,千亿,hundred thousand million one hundred billion,万亿,one thousand billion one trillion,第7页/共47页,十亿以上的大数，英美有不同的表示：第7页/共47页,7,年代的读法,:,297,读作,two ninety-seven,或,two hundred and ninety-seven,1908,读作,nineteen and eight,或,nineteen o eight,或,nineteen hundred and eight,1949,读作,nineteen forty-nine,或,nineteen hundred and forty-nine,2000,读作,two thousand,第8页/共47页,年代的读法:第8页/共47页,8,3)a.,在美国英语中，表示几点过几分可用,after,表示几点差几分可用,before,。如,12,点,10,分：,ten after twelve,。,11,点,50,分：,ten before twelve,。,b.,若想表明是上午，可在时间后加上,am,或,a.m.(a.m.,是拉丁语,ante meridiem,的缩写，意为“上午”,),，若想表明是下午，可在时间后加上,pm,或,p.m.(p.m.,是拉丁语,post meridiem,的缩写意为“下午”,),。,a.m.,或,p.m.,前若是整点，用了,a.m.,或,p.m,后，不再用,oclock,，也不可加“：,00”,。如：,at 8 a.m.,（上午,8,点），,at 5 p.m.,（下午,5,点）。,第9页/共47页,3)a.在美国英语中，表示几点过几分可用after,表示几点,9,c.,表示“,点整”时，用,sharp,。如,:at nine oclock sharp,（九点整），,at 23:00 sharp,（二十三点整）。,第10页/共47页,c.表示“点整”时，用sharp。如:at nine,10,4),年龄表达,表示“,岁”,He is eighteen(years old).He is aged eighteen.,He is at the age of eighteen.His age is eighteen.,表示“快满,岁”,He will be eighteen years old.,He is going on eighteen years old.,He is getting on for eighteen.,It will be his eighteenth birthday.,第11页/共47页,4)年龄表达第11页/共47页,11,表示“不满,岁”,He is barely/nearly/almost eighteen.,He is not quite/yet eighteen.,He is under/below eighteen.,表示“已经,岁”可用以下方法表示：,He is past/over/above eighteen.,He is more than eighteen.,He has turned eighteen.,第12页/共47页,表示“不满岁”第12页/共47页,12,表示大概年龄时用“,in ones+,基数词复数形式”结构。,a.,从十三岁到十九岁，用,in ones teens.,b.,二十岁以上就用,in ones twenties/thirties/forties/fifties/nineties,，还可以借助,early,，,middle,，,late,来表达得更明确一些。,第13页/共47页,表示大概年龄时用“in ones+基数词复数形式”结构,13,序数词,基数词变为序数词,记忆口诀,一二三要单独记：,onefirst,two,second,three,third,th,要从四加起：,four,fourth,five,fifth,.,eight,少个,t,：,eight,eighth,nine,去掉,e,：,nine,ninth,ve,用,f,来代替：,five,fifth,twelve,twelfth,ty,变成,tie,：,twenty,twentieth,表第“几十几”，基数加序数记心里：,twenty-onetwenty-first,第14页/共47页,序数词第14页/共47页,14,序数词的使用,1.,序数词在句中主要作定语，一般情况下序数词前要加定冠词。,Monday is the second day of a week.,星期一是一周的第二天。,2.,序数词前有时加不定冠词，表示“又一、再一”，相当于,another,。,Would you like a second cup of tea?,你还想再来一杯茶吗？,I had a fourth apple.,我,(,吃了三个苹果后,),又吃了一个苹果。,第15页/共47页,序数词的使用第15页/共47页,15,3.first,second,等有时可表示一批人或物。,The first milu deer came from China in the 1860s.,最早的麋鹿是在十九世纪六十年代来自中国的。,4.,有时序数词作状语，不加冠词。,He came out first in the contest.,他在比赛中获得第一名。,5.first,second,等在用来指“冠军、亚军”等获胜名次时也常不加冠词。,He is first.,他是冠军。,第16页/共47页,3.first,second等有时可表示一批人或物。第1,16,数词的使用,一、百分数、分数、小数的构成及用法,1),百分数：基数词加百分号（,percent,）,:89%eighty-nine percent,2),分数：分子基数词，分母序数词。分子大于,1,，分母用复数。,1/3:one third,2/5:two fifths,第17页/共47页,数词的使用第17页/共47页,17,3),带分数：基数词,+and+,分数表达：,:five and six-sevenths,注意,1/2:a half,one half 1/4:one-fourth,one/a quarter,3/4:three quarters,1/3:a third(33.33r%,读作,thirty-three point three three recurring percent),4,）小数：小数点读作“,point”,，数字一律用基数词,1.45:one point four five,第18页/共47页,3)带分数：基数词+and+分数表达：,18,5),通常分数、百分数、小数作定语。“分数（百分数）（,of,）,+,名词”作主语时谓语动词是根据名词确定的，名词为单数动词即用单数，名词为复数动词即用复数动词。,50%apples are here.,One third apple is eaten.,one and a half,后的名词用复数，谓语动词一般用单数，不过事实上也可用复数。,第19页/共47页,5)通常分数、百分数、小数作定语。“分数（百分数）（of）,19,倍数表达,表示倍数时，一倍用,once,，两倍用,twice,，三倍以上用“基数词,+times”,。,1.,常用句式：,.times+,形容词,/,副词的比较级,than.,.times as+,形容词,/,副词原级,+as+.,第20页/共47页,倍数表达第20页/共47页,20,times the size/length/height/width/.of+,n,.,表示,Li Ming runs twice faster than Lily.,The river is three times longer than that one.,=The river is four times as long as that one.,Our classroom is four times as big as yours.,=Our classroom is three times bigger than yours.,The new building is four times the size of the old one,第21页/共47页,times the size/length/height,21,2.,有时我们用这三个句型的变体,1)“.times as many/much+,n,.+as+,n,.”,或,“,.times as much/many as+,n,.”,We have produced,twice as many cars this year as we expected,.,我们今年生产的汽车是预期的两倍。,There are,four times as many books in our library as in theirs,.,我们图书馆的书是他们图书馆的四倍。,The price of this product is,twice as much as that of the previous one,.,该产品的价格是前一种的两倍。,第22页/共47页,2.有时我们用这三个句型的变体第22页/共47页,22,2).times+more+,名词,+than+,被比较对象,He earns five times more money than he did ten years ago.,他现在挣的钱是十年前挣的五倍。,3).times+that of+,被比较对象,The size of the newly broadened square is four times that of the previous one.,新扩建的广场是以前的四倍大。,The hospital charges three to five times that of ordinary ones,这家医院的收费是一般医院的三至五倍。,第23页/共47页,2).times+more+名词+than+被比较对,23,4).times+what,从句,The worlds population has grown to more than six times what it was in 1800.The figure is now approaching 6.5 billion people.,目前的世界人口与,1800,年相比已经增长到那时的六倍多，这个数字现在将近,65,亿。,The price of the meat is now double/twice what it was last year.,现在的肉价是去年的两倍。,第24页/共47页,4).times+what从句第24页/共47页,24,5).times+over,或,up to,The grain output in that province is twice over that of 2002.,那个省的粮食产量是,2002,年的两倍。,He is three times up to your age.,他的年龄是你的三倍。,6).times+compared with+,被比较对象,The number of computer imports has increased four times compared with last year.,计算机的进口量与去年相比增加了四倍。,第25页/共47页,5).times+over或up to第25页/共4,25,7),用分数、百分数来表示倍数。,The box is one-third bigger than that one.,这个盒子比那个盒子大三分之一。,Last year the output value of industry was 30 percent higher than that of 2003.,去年工业产值比,2003,年增长了,30%,。,第26页/共47页,7)用分数、百分数来表示倍数。第26页/共47页,26,3.,用其他方式来表示倍数,Im,twice/double,his age.,我的年龄是他的两倍。,The top-brand clothes are often sold as,double,the normal price here.,这里名牌衣服的售价经常比正常的售价高一倍。,Ive paid,five times the usual price,for the stamp.,我出了五倍于往常的价格买这枚邮票。,第27页/共47页,3.用其他方式来表示倍数第27页/共47页,27,模糊概数表达法,绝大多数数词在指明事物的数目时，是不考虑自身的数的，但有些数词也有单数和复数形式。,1.,当,hundred,，,thousand,，,million,，,billion,前面有基数词时，用单数形式，词尾不加,-s,；前面有,many,，,several,，,a few,修饰时，仍用单数形式：,several billion years,2.,表示概数时，用,ten,hundred,thousand,billion,的复数形式加,of,后面接复数名词。,thousands of lakes and forests,第28页/共47页,模糊概数表达法 第28页/共47页,28,3.,强调数目众多时，可将,tens,hundreds,thousands,等用,of,and,或,upon,连接。,tens of thousands of,几万,hundreds of thousands of,几十万,hundreds and hundreds of,成百上千的,thousands upon thousands of,成千上万的,第29页/共47页,3.强调数目众多时，可将tens,hundreds,th,29,4.dozen,和,score,表示具体数目，也可表示模糊概数,1)dozen,和,score,表示具体数目与基数词连用时,dozen,和,score,用单数形式。,two dozen pencils,three score years,2)dozen,表示具体数目时，不加,-s,也不用,of:two dozen eggs,。但后接代词、指示代词（,these/those,等）或所接的名词前有限定词，就要加,of:a dozen of these books,一打这样的书,a dozen of us,我们中的十二个人,第30页/共47页,4.dozen和score表示具体数目，也可表示模糊概数第3,30,3)score,表示具体数目时，不加,-s,，但可用,of,。,a score of eggs,二十个鸡蛋,ten score of books 200,本书,4)dozen,和,score,表示模糊概数时，加,-s,并加,of,。,dozens of people,几十个人,scores of times,几十次,第31页/共47页,3)score表示具体数目时，不加-s，但可用of。第31,31,约数表达法,1.“,许多；很多；大量”的表达,在英语中，表示“许多，很多，大量”含义的单词除了,many,和,much,以外，还有许多较常用的词组。,1),只接可数名词复数的有,several,(a good/great)many,hundreds of,a(large/good/great)number of,numbers of,few,a few,quite a few,not a few,等。,第32页/共47页,约数表达法第32页/共47页,32,2),只接不可数名词的有,little,a little,quite a little,an amount of,amounts of,a good/great deal of,a large sum of,等。,3),既可接可数名词复数也可接不可数名词的有,some,any,all,none,enough,plenty of,a lot of,lots of,a(large)quantity of,quantities of,a diversity of,diversities of,a variety of,varieties of,a world of,a wealth of,等。,第33页/共47页,2)只接不可数名词的有little,a little,q,33,2.,表示“多于，超过”用,more than,或,over,3.,表示“少于”用,less than,4.,表示“或,以上”用,or more,Literally,，,multimedia means two or more media.,从字面上看，多媒体是指两种或两种以上的媒体。,5.,表示“或,以下”用,or less,The whole procedure will take perhaps only five minutes or less.,整个过程只需,5,分钟甚至更少的时间。,第34页/共47页,2.表示“多于，超过”用more than或over第34页,34,6.,表示“大约”用,about,around,some,等。,Horseracing can be traced to the Olympic Games of about 600 BC.,赛马可追溯到大约公元前,600,年的奥运会。,Some 844 animals and plants have disappeared in the last 150 years.,大约有,844,种动植物在过去的,150,年里消失了。,I need around 300 dollars.,我需要,300,美元左右。,第35页/共47页,6.表示“大约”用about,around,some等。,35,7.,表示“左右”用,or so,Please leave us for five minutes or so,，,and we have some private business to deal with.,请你先回避五分钟左右，我们有些私事要处理。,第36页/共47页,7.表示“左右”用or so第36页/共47页,36,数词的特殊用法,1.every,和数词连用可表示“每隔；每逢”，在基数词后用复数可数名词，在序数词后用单数可数名词。结构有四个：,a.“every other/second+,单数名词”表“每隔一,”,Please write on every other line.,请隔行书写。,b.“every+,基数词,+,复数名词”,He comes here every four days.,他每隔三天来此一次。,第37页/共47页,数词的特殊用法第37页/共47页,37,c.“every+,序数词,+,单数名词”,He comes here every fourth day.,他每隔三天来此一次。,d.“every few+,复数名词”,Please plant a tree every few meters.,请每隔几米栽一棵树。,第38页/共47页,c.“every+序数词+单数名词”第38页/共47页,38,2.,基数词可用来构成复合形容词。,1),基数词,+,名词：,ten-minute,十分钟的,two-thousand-word,两千词的,2),基数词,+,名词的,-ed,形式,five-storied,五层的,one-eyed,独眼的,3),基数词,+,名词,+,形容词,five-month-old,五个月大的,six-meter-long,六米长的,第39页/共47页,2.基数词可用来构成复合形容词。第39页/共47页,39,3.,基数词用在一些短语中,a month or two,一两个月，,leave by ones and twos,零零落落地离开，,in twos and threes,三三两两地,Ten to one youll miss your flight.,你很可能要赶不上班机了。,Shes all at sixes and sevens about what to do.,她心里七上八下，不知该怎么办。,第40页/共47页,3.基数词用在一些短语中第40页/共47页,40,编码的表示法,在表示有顺序号的事物时可用基数词，也可用序数词。如数字较长，避免使用序数词。,序数词放在名词前,并加定冠词；基数词放在名词后，名词不加冠词。,lesson one,the first lesson,Room 521,bus No.2,第41页/共47页,编码的表示法第41页/共47页,41,其他,1),固定用法,at sixes and sevens,乱七八糟,one at a time,一次一个地,one by one,一个一个地,by the dozen,以打计,by the hundred,以百计,in tens,十个十个地,in five hundreds,五百五百地,2),表示比例可用,in,out of,one in/out of ten,十个中的一个,one in a thousand,千万次中的一次,第42页/共47页,其他第42页/共47页,42,书面表达,蓝天旅行社推出赴昆明、大理、丽江,7,日游，带游客领略,云南风情，聆听山水飞流直下，撞击巨岩；欣赏鸟语花,香，彩蝶飞舞。为吸引外国游客，请你用英语拟一份广,告，准备刊登在,中国日报,上。广告须有以下内容：,1,线路：昆明、大理、丽江。,2,时间：一星期。,第43页/共47页,书面表达第43页/共47页,43,3,票价：,2998,元,/,人，（,3,15,岁）小孩,1500,元,/,人；,报价含双飞往返机票、旅途中三星级酒店住宿、膳食；,20,人以上团体优惠，欢迎来电咨询（周一至周日,24,小时,热线：,0571-78901234,，,78904321,）。,注意：,1,不要逐句翻译；词数,100,左右,2,参考词汇：,fast-moving water crashes onto the big rocks/butterfly/fare/travel agency/group rate/tour/package tour/round-way airfare/,第44页/共47页,3票价：2998元/人，（315岁）小孩1500元/人；,44,Do you want to hear fast-moving water crash onto the big rocks below?Do you want to see colorful birds,flowers and butterflies?Please join us,the Blue Sky Travel Agency,and spend a week touring Kunming,Dali and Lijiang in Yunnan.,Fare:adults 2998 RMB,；,children,（,age 3 to 15,）,1500 RMB,Group rates are available for 20 or more adults.,第45页/共47页,Do you want to hear fa,45,Package tour includes round-way airfare,and all 3-star hotels and meals.,For more(further)information,please call the number 0571-78901234 or 78904321.Call any time,24 hours a day,7 days a week.,第46页/共47页,Package tour includes round-,46,谢谢您的观看！,第47页/共47页,谢谢您的观看！第47页/共47页,47,
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