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Unit 10 The world around us记记 忆忆 重重 现现 考考 点点 梳梳 理理 重点单词重点单词 考纲单词考纲单词 lead,act,measure,devote,common,reduce 新课标单词新课标单词 brief,respond,adapt,amount重点词组重点词组 die out,devote.to,make a big difference,in danger,as a result of,lead to,adapt to,set free,throw away重点句型重点句型 1.It is /has been+一段时间一段时间+since+从句从句 2.without+名词名词 /代词代词 /动名词动名词 3.but we may not always do everything we could or should.考考 点点 识识 记记 一、根据所给汉语及词性一、根据所给汉语及词性,写出英语单词写出英语单词 1._ vt.领导；致使领导；致使 vi.通向通向 adj.领头的领头的 2._ vt.&vi.扮演；表现扮演；表现 3._ vt.测量测量 n.尺寸；措施尺寸；措施 4._vt.投入于；献身投入于；献身 5._ adj.共同的；普遍的共同的；普遍的 6._ n.数量数量 7._ vt.减少；缩减；简化减少；缩减；简化 8._ vi.回答；响应回答；响应 9._ adj.简洁的；扼要的简洁的；扼要的 10._vt.使适应；改编使适应；改编 二、选用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空，使句意完整正确二、选用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空，使句意完整正确 in danger,die out,as a result,lead to,take measures,adapt to,make a difference,devote.to,set free,throw away 11.After the Cultural Revolution,he _(被释放被释放)for doing nothing wrong.12.Youre _ of losing your job if you continue to play online games during the working hours.13.The earthquake took place at midnight._ many thousands of people were killed.14.Who wins the championship _ to me.15.Dont take this medicine too much,or it will _ you _ a headache.16.The car has _ to take unleaded gas.17.In his book,Hawking _ many pages the origin of time.18.Many old customs gradually .19.On occasion he for the safety of the kings subjects travelling through the forests.20.She returned his letters unopened,and his small gifts.三、根据所给汉语意思，完成下列句子三、根据所给汉语意思，完成下列句子 21.The result is _(他们中许多人长胖了他们中许多人长胖了).22.Without electricity,our life _(会很大的不同会很大的不同).23.Tell them _(我们应该采取什么措施我们应该采取什么措施)to solve the problem.24.From this witness _(由由推断推断)he must be guilty.25.He asked me _(是乘飞机还是坐火车去那儿是乘飞机还是坐火车去那儿).Key:1.lead 2.act 3.measure 4.devote mon 6.amount 7.reduce 8.respond 9.brief 10.adapt 11.was set free 12.in danger 13.As a result 14.makes a big /no difference 15.lead.to 16.been adapted 17.devoted.to 18.are.dying out 19.took measures 20.threw away 21.that many of them become fat 22.would be quite different now 23.what measures we should take 24.it follows that 25.whether /if I wanted to go there by air or by train 点点 睛睛 讲讲 练练 考点考点 1.lead vt.引导，牵引；领导，率领，指挥；影响，引导，牵引；领导，率领，指挥；影响，劝诱；（使）过（生活等）劝诱；（使）过（生活等）vi.通向；导致通向；导致 n.领先；主角；导线领先；主角；导线 【典型例句典型例句】1.The boy led the singing in the concert.在音乐会上那男孩领唱。在音乐会上那男孩领唱。2.The teacher led me to the drawing room.老师领我到画室。老师领我到画室。3.She is the chief trouble-maker,and the others just follow her lead.她是首她是首要的麻烦制造者，其他人是跟从者。要的麻烦制造者，其他人是跟从者。【用法提示用法提示】1.lead by the nose 牵着鼻子走牵着鼻子走 2.lead in 开始；导入开始；导入 3.lead into 使人进入使人进入 4.lead to 引起，导致引起，导致 5.lead sb.to 领某人到领某人到 6.lead a.life 过着过着生活生活 7.follow the lead of 照照样子样子 8.take the lead 带头带头【及时训练及时训练】根据句意用根据句意用lead 完成下列句子。完成下列句子。1.条条大道通罗马。条条大道通罗马。All roads _ Rome.2.那位老人领我们来到了这个小村庄。那位老人领我们来到了这个小村庄。The old man _ us _ the small village.3.你想像不到解放前这儿的农民生活有多苦。你想像不到解放前这儿的农民生活有多苦。You can never imagine what a hard life the farmers here _ before liberation.Key:1.lead to 2.led;to 3.led 考点考点 2.act n.(戏剧的戏剧的)一幕一幕;假装假装;行为行为,行动行动 vi.&vt.扮演扮演,表演表演;装作装作;以以自居自居;行动行动;表现表现;行为行为 【典型例句典型例句】1.Its time to act.现在是行动的时候了。现在是行动的时候了。2.Dont take her seriously;it is all an act.别跟她认真；这全是在做戏。别跟她认真；这全是在做戏。3.He acted his part well.他扮演的那个角色很成功。他扮演的那个角色很成功。【用法提示用法提示】1.act against 违反违反 2.act as 担任，充当；起担任，充当；起作用作用 3.act for 代理，代表代理，代表 4.act out （把想法等）付诸行动；实行（把想法等）付诸行动；实行 5.a criminal act 罪行罪行【比较辨析比较辨析】act,action 这些词均含有这些词均含有“动作，行为动作，行为”的意思。的意思。act 指具体的动作，强调动作的结果，指单一的或个人的动作，适用于个人力量可以完指具体的动作，强调动作的结果，指单一的或个人的动作，适用于个人力量可以完成的事，一般属暂时性的。成的事，一般属暂时性的。如：如：the act of jumping /stealing /walking /kindness /mercy etc.。action 一般指抽象的概念，强调动作的方式和历程，而且指比较复杂的动作，一般指抽象的概念，强调动作的方式和历程，而且指比较复杂的动作，需要较需要较长时间才能完成的事。长时间才能完成的事。如：如：take actions,put into action,ready for action,come into action。While a ship is in distress,rescuing passengers from danger is a heroic action.当船遇险时，营救乘客脱离危险是一种英勇的行为。当船遇险时，营救乘客脱离危险是一种英勇的行为。在机械和物理用语中，不能用在机械和物理用语中，不能用 act，要用，要用 action，如：如：the action of heat 热的作用；热的作用；反之，在反之，在 an act of kindness 一语中，若改为一语中，若改为 an action of kindness也是错误的。也是错误的。【及时训练及时训练】用用act 的适当形式填空。的适当形式填空。1.Why dont you make up your mind _ immediately?2.He is an _ social reformer.3.We must take _ to deal with the problem.Key:1.to act 2.active 3.action 考点考点 3.measure vt.测量测量,度量度量;量度为量度为;估量估量;n.n.措施措施,方法方法 【典型例句典型例句】1.The government has taken tough measures to reduce youngster crime.政政府采取强硬措施减少青少年犯罪。府采取强硬措施减少青少年犯罪。2.The suit was made to his own measure.这套衣服是根据他的尺寸定做的。这套衣服是根据他的尺寸定做的。3.This pond measures 4 metres across.这个池塘这个池塘4 米宽。米宽。4.They measured the weight of the elephant in a boat.他们用船称了大象的重量。他们用船称了大象的重量。5.Education shouldnt be measured purely by examination results.教育不应纯教育不应纯粹用考试成绩来衡量。粹用考试成绩来衡量。【用法提示用法提示】1.take measures to do sth.采取措施来（达某目的）采取措施来（达某目的）2.make sth.to ones measure 照某人的尺寸做某照某人的尺寸做某(衣衣)物物 3.measure sb./sth.测量某人测量某人 /物（的尺寸）物（的尺寸）4.take measures against sth.对某事采取措施对某事采取措施 5.get the measure of sb.摸清某人底细摸清某人底细 6.by measure 按照尺寸按照尺寸【及时训练及时训练】根据所给汉语意思，用根据所给汉语意思，用 measure 或其短语完成句子。或其短语完成句子。1.Mr.Brown decided to _(请人为他妈妈定做一套衣服请人为他妈妈定做一套衣服)for her 60th birthday.2._(应该立即采取措施应该立即采取措施)to stop“white pollution”in our school.3.We made all kinds of clothes _(按尺寸按尺寸).Key:1.have a suit made to his mothers measure 2.Immediate measures should be taken 3.by measure 考点考点 4.devote vt.献身于献身于,致力于致力于;把把用于用于 【典型例句典型例句】1.She devoted her lifetime to the study of zoology.她以毕生精力从事动物学研她以毕生精力从事动物学研究。究。2.Its wrong to devote yourself only to amusement.你只专心于娱乐是不对的。你只专心于娱乐是不对的。3.They devote all their hours to working in their lab.他们把自己的全部时间用他们把自己的全部时间用于实验室的工作。于实验室的工作。4.In his book,Hawking devoted many pages to the origin of time.书中霍金用大书中霍金用大量篇幅写时间的起源。量篇幅写时间的起源。【用法提示用法提示】1.devote.to (doing)sth.把把投入到投入到(干干)某事某事;把把专门用于专门用于(干干)某事某事 2.devote oneself to 献身于，致力于献身于，致力于 3.be devoted to 致力于致力于 (以上三点以上三点to 均为介词均为介词)4.be devoted to ones country 精忠报国精忠报国 5.拓展词语拓展词语:devoted 忠诚的忠诚的,亲爱的，关切的亲爱的，关切的;a devoted friend 忠诚的朋友忠诚的朋友;a devoted son /wife /father 孝子孝子 /贤妻贤妻 /慈父慈父;devotion n.奉献奉献,献身献身【及时训练及时训练】根据汉语提示完成句子。根据汉语提示完成句子。1.The couple _ each other.(一直非常恩爱一直非常恩爱)2.Because the final exam was coming soon,he had to_(全力读书全力读书).3.After graduating from the university,he _ .(投身商界投身商界).Key:1.have been devoted to 2.devote himself to his books /study 3.devoted himself to business 考点考点 5.adapt vt.&vi.(使使)适应适应;改编改编;改写改写;翻改翻改 【典型例句典型例句】1.I have learned to adapt to my disability.我已经学会了适应这样的残疾生活。我已经学会了适应这样的残疾生活。2.If you can adapt to something,you can change in order to make the situation better.如果你能适应，你就能改变自己并改善自己的处境。如果你能适应，你就能改变自己并改善自己的处境。3.He adapted an old car engine to drive his boat.他把旧汽车上的发动机改装到了船他把旧汽车上的发动机改装到了船上。上。【用法提示用法提示】1.adapt to 适应适应 2.adapt oneself to sth.使使适应适应 3.adapt from 根据根据改写、改编改写、改编 【比较辨析比较辨析】adjust,adapt,adopt adapt 与与 adjust都有都有“使适合，使适应使适合，使适应”的意思，但的意思，但 adjust 指某物与另一物相配，强指某物与另一物相配，强调结果。调结果。adapt 指某物稍作调整与另一物相称，带有一定的灵活性。指某物稍作调整与另一物相称，带有一定的灵活性。adopt意为意为“采用，采纳，收养采用，采纳，收养”。在表达。在表达“适应新的环境适应新的环境”这一意思时，这一意思时，adapt和和 adjust是同义词，但各自侧重点不同。是同义词，但各自侧重点不同。【及时训练及时训练】使用使用“adapt，adjust，adopt”的适当形式，完成下列句子。的适当形式，完成下列句子。1.The _ of this new policy will soon prove to be correct.2.The author is going to _ his play for television.3.The desks and chairs can be _ to the height of any child.Key:1.adoption 2.adapt 3.adjusted 考点考点 mon adj.常见的常见的;普通的普通的;共有的共有的 n.与与有共同之处有共同之处 【典型例句典型例句】1.that the milu deer had been very common in China a long time ago.很很久以前麋鹿在中国非常多。久以前麋鹿在中国非常多。2.These problems are common to all societies.这些问题是所有社会的通病。这些问题是所有社会的通病。3.Sending kids away to a boarding school was common practice among the upper classes.在上流社会中将孩子送往寄宿学校是一种惯例。在上流社会中将孩子送往寄宿学校是一种惯例。4.In common with other boys,John likes football.和别的男孩一样，约翰也喜欢足和别的男孩一样，约翰也喜欢足球。球。【用法提示用法提示】1.have sth.in common (with sb./sth.)（与某人（与某人 /物）有共同之处物）有共同之处2.in common with sb./sth.与某人与某人 /某物一样某物一样【及时训练及时训练】选用选用 common,usual和和 ordinary 填空。填空。1.Flu is a _ disease in Spring and Autumn.2.Every day Mr.Zhang walked to the park to do exercise at the _ time.3.“赵钱孙李赵钱孙李”are _ Chinese family names,and many people use these family names.Key:mon 2.usual mon/ordinary 考点考点 7.amount v.总计总计,共达共达;n.总数总数,总额总额,总值总值 【典型例句典型例句】1.Im afraid itll cost a large amount of money.恐怕这得花费一大笔钱。恐怕这得花费一大笔钱。2.To a great degree,the price depends on the amount.价格在很大程度上依数量而价格在很大程度上依数量而定。定。3.Our information doesnt amount to much.我们的资料有限。我们的资料有限。【用法提示用法提示】1.the amount of 的总数的总数 2.a large amount of 大量的，许多（接不可数名词）大量的，许多（接不可数名词）3.in amount 总计，结局总计，结局 4.amount to 到达到达;总计总计 5.计量用计量用 amount，计数用，计数用number【比较辨析比较辨析】the amount of,the number of,a great amount of,a great number of the amount of 后接不可数名词，谓语用单数，表示后接不可数名词，谓语用单数，表示“总量总量”；the number of 后接可数名词复数后接可数名词复数,谓语用单数谓语用单数,表示表示”总数总数”;a great amount of 与与 a great number of 都表示都表示“许多许多”，但前者后接不可，但前者后接不可数名词，谓语用单数；后者后接可数名词复数，谓语用复数。数名词，谓语用单数；后者后接可数名词复数，谓语用复数。【及时训练及时训练】请用请用 the amount of,the number of,a great number of 与与 a great amount of 填空。填空。1._ money he spent on books was 20 yuan a month last year.2.He spent _ money on books last year.3.He bought _ books last year.4._ books he bought last year was 100 copies.Key:1.The amount of 2.a great amount of 3.a great number of 4.The number of 考点考点 8.reduce vt.减少减少,减小减小;减肥减肥,节食节食;蒸发蒸发;使陷入某种境地使陷入某种境地【典型例句典型例句】1.The governor announced a new plan to reduce crime.州长宣布了一个减少犯州长宣布了一个减少犯罪的新计划。罪的新计划。2.They were reduced to begging or starving.他们穷得不乞讨便挨饿。他们穷得不乞讨便挨饿。3.The strike,coupled with floods,was expected to reduce supplies of food sharply.罢工加上洪水预计会使食品供应大量减少。罢工加上洪水预计会使食品供应大量减少。4.She was reduced to tears by the teachers criticisms.老师的批评使她流下了老师的批评使她流下了眼泪。眼泪。【用法提示用法提示】1.reduce sth.降低，减少降低，减少 2.reduce sb.to doing sth.使沦落，使陷入（困境），迫使某人做某事使沦落，使陷入（困境），迫使某人做某事 3.reduce sb.to tears /silence etc.使某人流泪使某人流泪 /安静安静 4.reduce (sth.)to 减少到减少到【及时训练及时训练】单句改错（一句只有一个错）。单句改错（一句只有一个错）。1.Giving up smoking reduce the risk of heart disease.2.I reduce the problem by a few simple questions.3.My weight reduces to 10%when I stop eating sugar.Key:1.将将reduce 改为改为 reduces 2.将将 by 改为改为 to 3.将将 to 改为改为 by 考点考点 9.throw away 扔掉；抛弃；浪费掉；扔掉；抛弃；浪费掉；错过（机会）错过（机会）【典型例句典型例句】1.She returned his letters unopened,and threw his small gift away.她原封不动她原封不动地将信退还给他，并丢掉他送的礼物。地将信退还给他，并丢掉他送的礼物。2.Dont throw away the opportunity of hunting for a job.不要失去找工作的机会。不要失去找工作的机会。【用法提示用法提示】1.throw away sth.扔掉某物扔掉某物 2.throw away 丢掉（机会等）丢掉（机会等）3.throw away 浪费（金钱等）浪费（金钱等）4.拓展短语：拓展短语：throw at 朝朝扔扔 throw about 乱丢；乱扔（东西）乱丢；乱扔（东西）throw off 匆匆脱掉；摆脱；除去匆匆脱掉；摆脱；除去 throw out 扔出；逐出；错过扔出；逐出；错过 throw back 扔回来；使（肩、头等）向后；拖延扔回来；使（肩、头等）向后；拖延 throw doubt on 使人对使人对产生怀疑产生怀疑 throw oneself into 投身于；积极从事投身于；积极从事 throw sb.into prison 把某人投入监狱把某人投入监狱 throw light on 使真相大白使真相大白【及时训练及时训练】用用 throw 短语填空，使句意完整。短语填空，使句意完整。1.People usually _ rubbish in the morning.2.It took me a week to _ my cold.3.You really should _ that old table and buy a new one.Key:1.throw away 2.throw off 3.throw away 考点考点 10.die out 灭绝灭绝,绝迹绝迹,逐渐消失逐渐消失 【典型例句典型例句】1.The dinosaur died out many years ago.恐龙在很早以前就灭绝了。恐龙在很早以前就灭绝了。2.I think the battery has died out.我想电池没电了，我想电池没电了，3.When a country develops its technology,some traditional skills and ways of life die out.当一个国家发展技术时，一些传统生活方式和技能也随之消失。当一个国家发展技术时，一些传统生活方式和技能也随之消失。【用法提示用法提示】1.(fire)die out （火）熄灭（火）熄灭 2.customs die out 习俗渐渐消失习俗渐渐消失 3.dinosaurs died out 恐龙灭绝恐龙灭绝 4.拓展短语拓展短语:die away (声声 /光光 /风等风等)慢慢变弱慢慢变弱;die down 减弱，平息；减弱，平息；die off (人人 /动物动物)一个个相继死去；一个个相继死去；die of 死于（疾病）；死于（疾病）；die from 死于；死于；die young 英年早逝；英年早逝；die happy 含笑九泉含笑九泉【及时训练及时训练】选用选用 off,out,away,of,from,down 填空。填空。1.The sound of their laughter died _.2.The flame finally died _.3.Dont worry,the rumor will soon die _,and such a healthy young man wont die _ a cold.Key:1.away 2.down 3.down,of 考点考点 11.make a difference 有作用、关系、影响有作用、关系、影响 【典型例句典型例句】1.Changing schools made a big difference to my life.转学对我的一生有着重大转学对我的一生有着重大影响。影响。2.Dollars make no difference to me.金钱不能使我动摇。金钱不能使我动摇。3.Your age shouldnt make any difference to whether you get the job or not.你能你能否得到这份工作与你的年龄无关。否得到这份工作与你的年龄无关。【用法提示用法提示】1.make a big /a great deal of /a lot of differences 起很大作用，有很大影响，有起很大作用，有很大影响，有很大关系很大关系 2.拓展短语：拓展短语：make a fool of 愚弄，愚弄，欺骗；欺骗；make a living 谋生；谋生；make a mistake 犯错；犯错；make a point 立论；立论；make a sign 做手势；做手势；make a study of 研究；研究；make an appointment with 约会、约定；约会、约定；make an attempt 试图；试图；make an effort努力、努力、尽尽力；力；make an impression on 给给留下印象。留下印象。【及时训练及时训练】用上述适当的短语填空。用上述适当的短语填空。1.The doctor _ to the patient to sit down.2.She _ to control the angry word that came to her lips.3.The fact that I can do what I want to do _ to me.Key:1.made a sign 2.made an effort 3.makes a big difference 考点考点 12.but we may not always do everything we could or should.但是我们不一定总会去做自己但是我们不一定总会去做自己能够做、而且应该做的一切事。能够做、而且应该做的一切事。【用法提示用法提示】1.当句中出现表示全部概念的词当句中出现表示全部概念的词 all,both,every,everybody,everything,everywhere,always,altogether,entirely,whole 等时，如果用等时，如果用 not 否定这些词，就是句子构成部分否定，否定这些词，就是句子构成部分否定，表示表示“不都不都”、“并非并非都都”之意。之意。2.否定句中，只要有以上单词，即构成部分否定。否定句中，只要有以上单词，即构成部分否定。【典型例句典型例句】Not everyone likes this book.并非每个人都喜欢这本书。并非每个人都喜欢这本书。【及时训练及时训练】用所给的词组或句型完成句子。用所给的词组或句型完成句子。1.没有那场及时雨，我们的玉米就没有这么好的收成。没有那场及时雨，我们的玉米就没有这么好的收成。(without)_ such a good corn harvest.2.他并不总是走运。他并不总是走运。(not always)He is _.Key:1.Without the timely rain,we wouldnt have had 2.not always so lucky 链链 接接 高高 考考 难难 句句 点点 化化 【高考原句高考原句】1.Perhaps thats one reason Americans today spend more than five times as much money on food each year as they did before 1937 要要 before the coming of the shopping cart.(09 天津卷天津卷)【点化分析点化分析】该句该句 one reason 后面为一个省略了关系副词后面为一个省略了关系副词 why 的定语从句，且的定语从句，且 more than five times as much as they did 为倍数表达法，破折号后为倍数表达法，破折号后 before the coming of the shopping cart 用来解释用来解释1937 这个年份。其中这个年份。其中 spend sth.on sth./(in)doing sth.表表“花费花费”。【句意理解句意理解】或许这就是如今美国人每年在食物上的消费比或许这就是如今美国人每年在食物上的消费比 1937 年以前要要购物车出现之前要要高年以前要要购物车出现之前要要高出五倍的原因。出五倍的原因。【高考原句高考原句】2.The real issue is not getting enthusiastic children into the theater,but improving arts education so that more young people want to go in the first place.(09天津卷天津卷)【点化分析点化分析】该句为主系表结构，表语由该句为主系表结构，表语由 not.but+动名词引导的并列结构充当，后面的动名词引导的并列结构充当，后面的 so that 是一个目的状语从句。是一个目的状语从句。in the first place 是一个固定词组，意为是一个固定词组，意为“首要的是首要的是”。【句意理解句意理解】真正的议题不是让热情的孩子走进剧：，而是首先要提高艺术教育，这样才能有更多真正的议题不是让热情的孩子走进剧：，而是首先要提高艺术教育，这样才能有更多的年轻人愿意去。的年轻人愿意去。【冲浪尝试冲浪尝试】试将下列句子的汉语意思写出来。试将下列句子的汉语意思写出来。1.David spends some of his money on records and clothes and gives his mother 50 pounds a week.(09全国卷全国卷I)【参考句意参考句意】大卫花了一些钱买唱片和衣服，并每周给母亲大卫花了一些钱买唱片和衣服，并每周给母亲50 英镑。英镑。2.Such obvious change was not born out of concern for his welfare,but out of fear:if his only son,my uncle,had to go to war,it would be cousin fighting against cousin.(09 湖北卷湖北卷)【参考句意参考句意】这样明显的改变不是出自于对他幸福的考虑，而是出自于这样明显的改变不是出自于对他幸福的考虑，而是出自于 害怕：如果他的独子也就是害怕：如果他的独子也就是我的叔叔不得不上前线的话，那就是堂兄弟之间互相残杀。我的叔叔不得不上前线的话，那就是堂兄弟之间互相残杀。助助 写写 金金 手手 应用文要要书信要要邀请信类应用文要要书信要要邀请信类【经典试题经典试题】（2007 湖北卷）湖北卷）假设你是某中学学生会主席李华。你校与本地一所国际学校经常举办联谊活动，你计假设你是某中学学生会主席李华。你校与本地一所国际学校经常举办联谊活动，你计划在重阳节组织学生到养老：去慰问老人，拟邀请国际学校的学生参加。请你根据以划在重阳节组织学生到养老：去慰问老人，拟邀请国际学校的学生参加。请你根据以下内容要点给国际学校的学生会主席下内容要点给国际学校的学生会主席 Tony 写一封信。写一封信。要点：向老人赠送礼物（鲜花、自制贺卡要点：向老人赠送礼物（鲜花、自制贺卡）；）；为老人提供服务（做清洁、陪老人聊天为老人提供服务（做清洁、陪老人聊天)；为老人表演节目（唱歌、跳舞为老人表演节目（唱歌、跳舞).注意：注意：1.词数为词数为 100 左右；左右；2.信的开头和结尾已为你写好（不计入你所写词数）；信的开头和结尾已为你写好（不计入你所写词数）；3.已给出的信的开头和结尾不得抄入答题卡。（以下所给内容不得抄入答题卡）已给出的信的开头和结尾不得抄入答题卡。（以下所给内容不得抄入答题卡）Dear Tony，Chongyang,the traditional Chinese festival for the elderly,is coming around.We are planning to visit the Nursing Home to celebrate the special day,and we would like to invite students from your school to join us.Looking forward to your early reply.Yours,Li Hua【写作实践写作实践】1.审题定向审题定向 本文是应用文，要求写封邀请信。这类文章一般有三个基本文是应用文，要求写封邀请信。这类文章一般有三个基 本部分：活动主题，邀请对本部分：活动主题，邀请对象，活动安排。象，活动安排。2.构思要点构思要点 本文写作时应包含如下要点：本文写作时应包含如下要点：visit the elderly 看望老人；看望老人；present them with flowers and self-made cards 给他们鲜花和赠送自制贺卡；给他们鲜花和赠送自制贺卡；do some cleaning and washing for them 帮他们做帮他们做清洁；清洁；chat with them 陪他们聊天；陪他们聊天；give them some performances 给他们表演给他们表演节目。节目。3.表述成句表述成句 文章的基本内容应该包含如下句子：文章的基本内容应该包含如下句子：We will visit the elderly in their rooms in groups.We will present them with flowers and self-made cards.We will do some cleaning and washing for them.We may chat with them.We may also give them some performances.4.润色提升润色提升 我们可以运用定语从句，状语从句以及非谓语动词进行表述，以使文章的句型丰富多我们可以运用定语从句，状语从句以及非谓语动词进行表述，以使文章的句型丰富多样。例如，运用状语从句和非谓语动词，我们可以把样。例如，运用状语从句和非谓语动词，我们可以把 We will visit the elderly in their rooms in groups 和和 We will present them with flowers and self-made cards 合并成合并成When we get there,we will visit the elderly in their rooms in groups,presenting them with flowers and self-made cards to show our respect and love.这样文字就显得更加生动。这样文字就显得更加生动。【范文欣赏范文欣赏】Dear Tony，Chongyang,the traditional Chinese festival for the elderly,is coming around.We are planning to visit the Nursing Home to celebrate the special day,and we would like to invite students from your school to join us.We have planned several activities.When we get there,we will visit the elderly in their rooms in groups,presenting them with flowers and self-made cards to show our respect and love.Then we will do some cleaning and washing for them with the help of the nurses.As some old people feel lonely,we may chat with them about their old days,changes of our city,or anything they are interested in.We may also give them some performances：singing,dancing,and so on.I am sure we will both gain a better understanding of the elderly in China.If you have any suggestions,please let us know.Looking forward to your early reply.Yours,Li Hua 语语 法法 考考 点点连词连词【考点概述考点概述】高考主要考查连词在一定语境中的正确使用，考查并列连词和从属连词的使用和区别。高考主要考查连词在一定语境中的正确使用，考查并列连词和从属连词的使用和区别。所以，准确理解语境是做好有关连词试题的关键。所以，准确理解语境是做好有关连词试题的关键。【真题体验真题体验】1.(08重庆卷重庆卷)The artist was born poor,_ poor he remained all his life.A.and B.or C.but D.so 2.(08 四川卷四川卷,12)In some places women are expected to earn money _ men work at home and raise their children.A.but B.while C.because D.though 3.(08 江苏卷江苏卷)It is often said that the joy of traveling is _ in arriving at your destination _ in the journey itself.A.不填不填;but B.不填不填;or C.not;or D.not;but 4.(08山东卷山东卷)He found it increasingly difficult to read,_ his eyesight was beginning to fail.A.though B.for C.but D.so 5.(09江西卷江西卷,33)The fact has worried many scientists _ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.A.what B.which C.that D.though 6.(08北京卷北京卷,23)Did you return Freds call?I didnt need to _ Ill see him tomorrow.A.though B.unless C.when D.because 7.(09四川卷四川卷,12)Owen wouldnt eat anything _ he cooked it himself.A.until B.since C.unless D.while 8.(09江苏卷江苏卷,31)_ unemployment and crime are high,it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.A.Before B.Where C.Unless D.Until 9.(08 全国卷全国卷，32)The weather was _ cold that I didnt like to leave my room.A.really B.such C.too D.so 10.(09 湖南卷，湖南卷，34)_ the police thought he was the most likely one,since they had no exact proof about it,they could not arrest him.A.Although B.As long as C.If only D.As soon as Key:1.A 2.B 3.D 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.C 8.B 9.D 10.A【考点扫描考点扫描】考点一：并列连词考点一：并列连词 1.表示并列关系的并列连词表示并列关系的并列连词 And（和、而且）；（和、而且）；both.And（既又）；（既又）；not only（just）.but also.（不但（不但而且）；而且）；neither.nor.(既不既不也不也不)；as well as（除之外，不仅，而（除之外，不仅，而且）；且）；or（或）。（或）。如：如：（08 全国卷全国卷)Stand over there,and youll be able to see the oil painting better.又如又如:真题真题1 考查并列连词的用法。考查并列连词的用法。and 表并列；表并列；or 表选择；表选择；but表转折；表转折；so 表原表原因或结果。因或结果。后一分句把表语提前，表强调之意；故答案为后一分句把表语提前，表强调之意；故答案为 A项。项。2.表示转折关系的并列连词表示转折关系的并列连词 并列连词并列连词 but(可是可是,但是但是)表示转折关系。表示转折关系的还有其它词或短语：表示转折关系。表示转折关系的还有其它词或短语：however（然而，但是）；（然而，但是）；nevertheless（然而，不过）；（然而，不过）；still（但是，然而）；（但是，然而）；while（而，然而）；（而，然而）；whereas（但是，相反）；（但是，相反）；yet（可是）；（可是）；in spite of(尽管尽管)；on the contrary(相反相反)。如：如：（08 湖南卷，湖南卷，23）I thought wed be late for the concert,but we ended up getting there ahead of time.我原以为去听音乐会会迟到，但结果却提前到了。我原以为去听音乐会会迟到，但结果却提前到了。又如真题又如真题 2 考查表转折关系的连词，考查表转折关系的连词，but 和和 while 都表示转折，但都表示转折，但 while 意为意为“而，而，然而然而”，有对比、比较之意，故选，有对比、比较之意，故选 B。3.表示选择关系的并列连词表示选择关系的并列连词 Or(或或);or else(否则否则);otherwise(要不然要不然);either.Or(或或或或,不是不是就是）；就是）；rather than（而不是）；（而不是）；not.but.（不是（不是而是而是)。如：如：真题真题 3 答案为答案为D 项，项，not.but 意为意为“不是不是而是而是”。4.表示因果关系的并列连词表示因果关系的并列连词 For(因为因为);so(所以所以)等。等。如：如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.又如真题又如真题 4，for 引导一个表示补充说明原因的并列分句，故答案为引导一个表示补充说明原因的并列分句，故答案为B。考点二：从属连词考点二：从属连词 1.引导名词性从句的从属连词引导名词性从句的从属连词(1)主从连词：主从连词：
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