七选五解题技巧和方法课件

七七选五五任务型阅读解题技巧 Gap-filling Gap-filling Gap-filling 七七选五五任务型阅读解题技巧 Gap-filling 高考英高考英语专题复复习:.七选五任务型阅读解题技巧 Gap1在一篇在一篇约300300词的短文中的短文中留出留出5 5个空白个空白，要求考生从所，要求考生从所给的的7 7个个选项(均均为完整的句子完整的句子)中中选出最佳出最佳选项，使，使补足后的短文意思通足后的短文意思通顺、前后、前后连贯。试卷中卷中题干表述如下：干表述如下：根据短文内容，从短文后的七个根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中中选出能填入空白出能填入空白处的最佳的最佳选项。选项中有两中有两项为多余多余选项。主要考主要考查考生考生对文章的整体内容文章的整体内容和和篇章篇章结构构以及以及上下上下文文逻辑意意义的理解和掌握的理解和掌握。（考（考试说明）明）命命题形式体形式体现了了新新课标“用英用英语获取、取、处理和运理和运用信息的能力；逐步用信息的能力；逐步获取用英取用英语思思维的能力。的能力。”的的阅读学学习和教学理念。和教学理念。选项特点：主旨概括句（文章整体内容）特点：主旨概括句（文章整体内容）过渡性句子（文章渡性句子（文章结构）构）注注释性句子（上下文性句子（上下文逻辑意意义）题型简析.在一篇约300词的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个2七七选五解五解题技巧技巧.七选五解题技巧.3细节类题型解题技巧篇章结构类的解题技巧解题技巧.细节类题型解题技巧篇章结构类的解题技巧解题技巧.4方法方法n 看文章看文章结构构n 找关找关键词n 找找逻辑关系关系n 排除法排除法.方法 看文章结构.5Step 1 Structure 文章文章结构构.Step 1 Structure 6Be an inventor The biggest secret about inventing is that anybody can do it!Perhaps this sounds crazy,but its true.Maybe you have the wrong idea about inventing,so read on to discover the truth.大大大大标题标题大大标题短小精悍，大写短小精悍，大写1.Be an inventor大标题大标题短小精悍，大写17小小标题短小精悍，短小精悍，结构一致构一致 Be on time When meeting someone for.Introduce yourself and ask for names Make sure you properly.Smile!Its the easiest way to let someone know that youre nice!Be fun!Listen!小小小小标题标题2.小标题短小精悍，结构一致 Be on time小标题8 Smile!Its the easiest way to let someone know that youre nice!Be fun!Listen!_ Ask people who take classes with your questions about what they study today.A.Change!B.Ask a question!C.Class work is a great icebreaker.D.Say“hello”and see what happens.E.And dont just talk about yourself all the time.F.Even the shyest person can manage a little smile.G.We all prefer spending time with people who make us feel happy.B 2.Smile!B 2.9 Be fun!_ Think about the people you most enjoy being withusually they are always on the up and up.Being fun makes people happy and brightens the way they think of you.It makes you seem like you truly love life and you can deal with any problems that you have to face.A.Change!B.Ask a question!C.Classwork is a great icebreaker.D.Say“hello”and see what happens.E.And dont just talk about yourself all the time.F.Even the shyest person can manage a little smile.G.We all prefer spending time with people who make us feel happy.G段首段首段首段首概括文段，与概括文段，与概括文段，与概括文段，与小小小小标题标题相呼相呼相呼相呼应应。3.Be fun!_ Th10 How fast can a home remodeling(改造改造)project be completed?_ At least,thats the time requirement of the popular TV show called Trading Spaces.A.About 48 hours.B.Wow!Thats great!C.But you didnt see that on the show.D.They loved redecorating their neighbors place.E.It sometimes takes several months to remodel a home.F.But one couple in Portland,Oregon,hated their new room.G.The people who appear on the show are actors and they enjoy the experience.4A段中段中承上启下承上启下.How fast11 They work a lot more.Almost every extremely successful person works more hours than the average persona lot more.They have long lists of things they want to get done._A.They avoid the crowds.B.They are never too proud.C.Decide where you want to end up.D.So they have to put in lots of time.E.Keep in mind selling isnt controlling.F.Successful people dont try to win just one race.G.But youll work a lot harder if there is no other choice.5D段尾段尾段尾段尾总结总结，承上启下承上启下承上启下承上启下.They work a lot more.5D段12小小结一一 Structure 文章文章结 构构 n 大大标题n 小小标题n 段首段首n 段中段中n 段尾段尾15432.小结一 Structure 文章结 构 大标13文章文章结构构类的解的解题技巧技巧1.标题型型 短小精悍短小精悍（多（多为名名词性短性短语、祈使句、祈使句）2.首句型首句型1)首段首句首段首句 文章主文章主题，首尾呼，首尾呼应2)中中间段首句段首句 总结下文下文 本段主本段主题 靠上下文承接做靠上下文承接做题3)末段首句末段首句 文章主文章主题，首尾呼，首尾呼应3.衔接型 多为承上启下 过渡衔接的句子.文章结构类的解题技巧.14n1)1)如果如果问题在段首在段首 n 通常是段落主通常是段落主题句句。认真真阅读后文内容，根据后文内容，根据段落一致性原段落一致性原则，查找同找同义词或其他相关的或其他相关的词，推，推断出主断出主题句。句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题2)2)如果如果问题在段尾在段尾 n 通常是通常是结论、概括性、概括性语句句。注意在。注意在选项中中查找找表示表示结果、果、结论、总结等的信号等的信号词，如，如therefore,therefore,as a result,thus,hence,in short,to sum as a result,thus,hence,in short,to sum up,to conclude,in a wordup,to conclude,in a word等等词语，选项中也可中也可发现前文的同前文的同义词句句。文章结构类的解题技巧.1)如果问题在段首 文章结构类的解题技巧.153)3)如果挖空如果挖空位置在段中位置在段中 挖空位置如果在段中，挖空位置如果在段中，则其所填句子含其所填句子含义应与前后句保持一致。因此，考生在与前后句保持一致。因此，考生在做做题时要学会瞻前要学会瞻前顾后，关注体后，关注体现前后前后句句逻辑关系的关关系的关联词。.3)如果挖空位置在段中.16细节类题型解型解题技巧技巧.细节类题型解题技巧.17Step 1 Key words关关键词.Step 1 Key words关键词.181nBefore you shake hands with somebody,make sure that your hands are clean.The handshake should not be too strong or weak.Most people use their right hands,unless they have a reason to use the left._A.It could be a similar taste in clothes or a common hobby.B.Youll be in serious trouble if you leave them with a bad impression.C.However,dont have your left hand in your pockets because this appears impolite.C同同词重复重复.1Before you shake hands with s192A birthday surprise Nathan woke up early and raced into the kitchen.He saw his family preparing their breakfast just like every other day._ Where was his birthday cake?Did his family forget his special day?A.And there was nobody.B.Where were his birthday presents?C.All he saw was a not no the ground.B同构复同构复现.2A birthday surpriseB同构复现.203-4Dont forget to wear a helmet(头盔盔)Whether youre a beginner or an expert,youre going to fall,and sometimes youre going to fall hard.“I went down to one run that was pretty hard,”Nate,a skiing learner,says,“_3 ”You dont have to buy a lot of expensive and new gear(装装备)Some skiers who owned nice winter jackets couldnt go on the trip.4 “I have a neighbor who let me borrow some of his gear.That was very helpful,”says 13-year-old Matt Rizer.A.Dont worry about falling.B.I felt like I was learning pretty quickly.C.I fell down and I was glad I was wearing a helmet.D.Dont think that you ski well enough not to wear a helmet.E.So they lent their clothes to other skiers.CE同畴同畴词同构同构词.3-4Dont forget to wear a helm21同构同构词n fall fell（不同（不同时态）n beauty beautifuln act action （不同（不同词性）性）n n mate roommate n police policeman （相同（相同词根）根）.同构词 fall fell（不同时态）.22同畴同畴词 （畴：范畴）n jacket(夹克)clothes(衣服)夹克是衣服中的一种。如：fruit：apple,orange,banana furniture(家具)：bed,table,armchair sports:running,swimming,jumping类别具体具体.同畴词 （畴：范畴）jacket(夹克)cl235nSometimes kids are glad to hear a“no”from their parents._A.There are two types of parents love.B.It seems a happy feeling to get out of parents control.近近义词B.5Sometimes kids are glad to he24 When we change our jobs or schools,it often leaves us without a friend._ But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage.A.Making new friends comes easy for some people.B.For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.6A反反义词.When we change our 25n Protect against UV rays(紫外线).Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes.No matter what the season is,its extremely important to wear sunglasses._1_n2014辽宁卷nA.Eat your greens.nB.Eye care should begin early in life.nC.They can properly protect your eyes.nD.Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins.nE.Parents usually dont care about their own eyesight.sunglassesTheyC代代词.Protect against UV rays(紫外线26小小结三三 Key words 关关键词n同同词重复重复n同构复同构复现（相同句型（相同句型结构，相同构，相同词不同不同结构）构）n同畴同畴词n近近义词n反反义词n代代词线索索n Tip:就近原就近原则.小结三 Key words 关键词同词重复Tip:就近原则27Step 2 Logical relationship 逻辑关系关系.Step 2 Logical relationship 28n1._ However,the real movie capital is Mumbai(孟买市),in India.nA.Sometimes they even write the script by hand.nB.Most people think the capital of the movie is Hollywood,in the USA.B转折折.1._ However,the real movie29n2._ This is because some people have certain qualities,which others do not.nA.Some people succeed,while others may not.nB.As the famous saying goes,“No pains,no gains.”A因果因果.2._ This is because some p30n3._ In the other words,when you are in love with someone,you may refuse to see anything bad about that person.nA.Another proverb says“Love is blind.”nB.Proverbs are found in most cultures and are often very old.A解解释.3._ In the other words,w31n4.Taking good notes is a time saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways._ Second,your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.nA.You must write your notes on separate paper.nB.First,the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember.B并列并列（顺序）序）.4.Taking good notes is a time32小小结三三 Logical Relationship 逻辑关系关系n转折折n因果因果n解解释n并列（并列（顺序）序）.小结三 Logical Relationship 33常常见的的逻辑关系关系词并列并列：also,too,then,and,as well as,not onlybut also,first,second,firstly,next,for one thing,for another thing,eitheror,neithernor因果因果：for,because,because of,such,since,as,therefore,thus,accordingly,as a result,consequently,so.常见的逻辑关系词.34转折折：however,still,though,yet,in spite of,at any rate（无论如何）,in any case,on the contrary,in contrast,by contrast,in comparison,by comparison,otherwise,but,while.解解释：in fact,actually,for example,in other words,as a matter of fact,that is to say.转折：.35递进：further,furthermore,more over,whats more,besides,in addition,not onlybut also.递进：.36Step 3 排除法排除法(市一模)Focus on what you love to do together.The gift you choose should tell a story Think about their interests and hobbies.The gift you choose should be something that is close to his or her heart _38_ You will want to strike the right balance between a gift that is popular but also unique to themA.Check out what is hot.B.Stay within your budget.C.So,can you find them as a gift that is memorable and yet practical enough to be used daily?排除法与其排除法与其他方法相他方法相结合合A.Step 3 排除法(市一模)Focus on what 37Lets try!.Lets try!.38n A garden thats just right for you(2016.全国卷全国卷2)nHave you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you,where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和)of its parts?36 .But it doesnt happen by accident.It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.n 37 nSome people may think that a garden is no more than plants,flowers,patterns and masses of color.Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料).38 .However,there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.One of them comes from our earliest years.nRecall(回忆)your childhood memoriesFEA.A garden thats ju39nOur model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood.Grandmas rose garden and Dads vegetable garden might be good or bad,but thats not whats important.39 -how being in those gardens made us feel.If youd like to build a powerful bond with your garden,start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth.40 .Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden.Have fun.nA.Know why you gardennB.Find a good place for your own gardennC.Its our experience of the garden that mattersnD.Its delightful to see so many beautiful flowersnE.Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plantsnF.You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden,toonG.For each of those gardens,writer down the strongest memory you haveCG.Our model of what a garden sho40n考考纲解解读：主要考主要考查考生考生对文章的文章的整体内容整体内容和和结构构以及以及上下文上下文逻辑意意义的理解和掌握。的理解和掌握。n选项特点：特点：主旨概括句（文章整体内容）主旨概括句（文章整体内容）过渡性句子渡性句子（文章（文章结构）注构）注释性句子（上下文性句子（上下文逻辑意意义）1.主旨概括主旨概括：文章的：文章的标题、段落小、段落小标题、段落主、段落主题句句n2.关关键词n(1)词汇复复现 原原词、同源、同源词、同、同义词、近、近义词、反、反义词 等复等复现n(2)代冠代冠词指代指代 it,they,this,that,these,then3.上下文上下文逻辑意意义(logical coherence)n看看连接接词，问答，以及上下文解答，以及上下文解释说明等关系，也就是明等关系，也就是上下文上下文逻辑关系关系 4.排除法排除法 Summary.考纲解读：主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意41解题步骤1.速速读全文，找主全文，找主题句句（标题预测）。）。2.详读段落，明确各段主段落，明确各段主题句，找出各段关句，找出各段关键 词。3.定位定位选项：读空前空后句子，分析空前空后句子，分析逻辑性，性，注意注意衔接手段和接手段和衔接接标志志词。4.灵活掌握答灵活掌握答题顺序序(先易后先易后难)。5.代入答案，重点核代入答案，重点核查逻辑关系。关系。.解题步骤1.速读全文，找主题句（标题预测）。2.详读42Homework n专题能力升能力升级套套题n阅读七七选五（一）五（一）.Homework 专题能力升级套题.43The end!.The end!.44