基础医学英语ppt课件

Unit1HolisticMedicine整体医疗整体医疗Unit1HolisticMedicine1 1Word-Formation1.ab-from,away from abdomen 腹部，腹腔abdicate放弃，退位 abuse 滥用，虐待 absorb 吸收，吸引 absolve 免除，赦免2.ad-to,toward,nearadhesion(粘连 advantage优势 adjust 调整 adventure冒险 adjoin 毗邻3.anti-against antibiotic抗生的，抗菌的 antibacterial抗菌剂 antioxidant 抗氧化剂Word-Formation1.ab-from,a2 24.bi-twobiological生物,生物学的 biology 生物，生物学biography传记,档案 billon铜币 bicycle,5.hyper-over，above 源自希腊语hypercritical吹毛求疵的 hyperglycemia高血糖症hypersensitive过敏的 hypertense过于紧张的 hyperacid (胃酸过多的)hyperoxide(过氧化物)6.hypo-under，beneath，down 源自希腊语hypothermia低体温症 hypothesis假定，假设hypoglossal 舌下的 hypodermic 皮下的4.bi-twobiological生物,生物学的3 3tricar tricar 三轮车三轮车 trilogy trilogy 三部曲三部曲 triangle triangle 三角形三角形triple triple 三倍的三倍的 trioxide trioxide 三氧化物三氧化物7.inter-between,amonginteract互相作用 intercity城市间的 interdependent相互依赖的,互助的internet 因特网 international国际的8.tri-three9.peri-round around nearperigee(近地点)periderm(外皮)perimeter(周长)10.mal-ill badlymaltreat(虐待)malpractice(治疗不当的)malefaction(恶行)malnutrition(营养不良)malicious(恶意的)tricar三轮车trilogy三部曲tri4 4Word-Formationhomeo-homeo-相同，象；同一，同相同，象；同一，同 (homeostasis(homeostasis体内稳定的体内稳定的体内稳定的体内稳定的)homeopathic顺势疗法顺势疗法,homocentric,homonym,homophone-stasisstasis停滞停滞，淤积淤积hypno-睡眠睡眠 hypnosis/hypnotic/hypnotherapyhypnosis/hypnotic/hypnotherapy psych/o心理心理心理心理，精神精神精神精神 psychiatrypsychiatry-therapy-therapy 治疗治疗治疗治疗 (psychotherapy)(psychotherapy)(chemotherapychemotherapy)-emia-emia血症血症血症血症(leukemia(leukemia白血病白血病白血病白血病,anemia,anemia贫血症贫血症贫血症贫血症)lymph/o淋巴淋巴淋巴淋巴(lymphoma(lymphoma淋巴瘤淋巴瘤淋巴瘤淋巴瘤)-oma-oma肿瘤肿瘤肿瘤肿瘤(melanoma(melanoma黑色素瘤黑色素瘤黑色素瘤黑色素瘤)Word-Formationhomeo-相同，象；同一5 5anti-抗抗抗抗,防止防止防止防止(antioxidant,anti-freeze,antibody,(antioxidant,anti-freeze,antibody,intra-内内内内，内部的，内部的，内部的，内部的(intravenous)(intravenous)crani/o颅骨颅骨颅骨颅骨(craniosacral(craniosacral,krensekrl,krensekrl)TherapyTherapy 颅骶疗法颅骶疗法-ic的的的的(psychopsychosomaticsomatic,sak()smtk,sak()smtk,hygienic),hygienic)-iatry医疗术，医治法医疗术，医治法医疗术，医治法医疗术，医治法(psychiatry)(psychiatry)diet饮食饮食饮食饮食(dietitian)(dietitian)oxy-氧，氧化氧，氧化氧，氧化氧，氧化oxygenantibiotic)antibiotic)-logy-logy学科，研究学科，研究学科，研究学科，研究(oncology(oncology肿瘤学，肿瘤学，肿瘤学，肿瘤学，psychology,psychology,biology,epidemiology,)biology,epidemiology,)anti-抗,防止(antioxidant,6 6 整体医学的开展概况整体医学的开展概况 21 21世纪社会的开展以人为本，人的开展以世纪社会的开展以人为本，人的开展以健康为本。人是一个不可侵害的有机整体，人健康为本。人是一个不可侵害的有机整体，人所需要的卫生效劳是整体性的效劳，要提高这所需要的卫生效劳是整体性的效劳，要提高这种效劳必须树立整体医学观，掌握系统整体的种效劳必须树立整体医学观，掌握系统整体的思维方式，开展生物思维方式，开展生物-心理心理-社会医学模式，做社会医学模式，做好以患者为中心而不是以疾病为中心的效劳。好以患者为中心而不是以疾病为中心的效劳。BackgroundKnowledge整体医学的开展概况7 7整体医学的理论体系，现在尚未正式形成，但整体医学的理论体系，现在尚未正式形成，但已具雏形，大致包括：已具雏形，大致包括：(1)(1)强调整体的健康观；强调整体的健康观；(2)(2)治疗的出发点是激治疗的出发点是激发自然治愈力；发自然治愈力；(3)(3)治疗疾病的主角是患者自治疗疾病的主角是患者自身，治疗者不过是援助者；身，治疗者不过是援助者；(4)(4)把各种治疗方把各种治疗方法综合起来加以应用。法综合起来加以应用。美国整体医学的兴起，可以说是始于美国加利美国整体医学的兴起，可以说是始于美国加利福尼亚州巴克莱整体健康中心的设立。此后，福尼亚州巴克莱整体健康中心的设立。此后，类似的整体健康中心很快在美国各大城市建立，类似的整体健康中心很快在美国各大城市建立，在全美掀起了一个整体健康运动。在全美掀起了一个整体健康运动。整体医学的理论体系，现在尚未正式形成，但已具雏形，大致包括：8 8Holisticmedicineisasystemofhealthcarewhichfostersacooperativerelationshipamongallthoseinvolved,leadingtowardsoptimalattainmentofthephysical,mentalemotional,socialandspiritualaspectsofhealth.整体医疗是一种旨在促进同健康有关的身体、精神、社会、心灵等各方面协调开展，以到达最正确健康状态的医疗保健系统。Holisticmedicineisasystem9 9GroupdiscussionWhatdoyouknowabout:1.holism2.holisticmedicine3.holistichealthGroupdiscussionWhatdoyoukn1010HolismHolism(from(fromholosholos,a,aGreekGreekwordmeaningwordmeaningallall,entireentire,totaltotal)istheideathatallthepropertiesofagiven)istheideathatallthepropertiesofagivensystem(biological,chemical,social,economic,mental,system(biological,chemical,social,economic,mental,linguistic,etc.)cannotbedeterminedorexplainedbylinguistic,etc.)cannotbedeterminedorexplainedbythesumofitscomponentpartsalone.Instead,thethesumofitscomponentpartsalone.Instead,thesystemasawholedeterminesinanimportantwaysystemasawholedeterminesinanimportantwayhowthepartsbehave.howthepartsbehave.The term holism was coined in The term holism was coined in 1926,by the South African statesman General Jan 1926,by the South African statesman General Jan ChristianChristian Smuts.Smuts.IntroductionHolism(fromholos,aGreekwo1111holisticholistic adj.adj.describinganapproachtopatientcareinwhichthedescribinganapproachtopatientcareinwhichthephysical,mental,andsocialfactorsinthepatientsphysical,mental,andsocialfactorsinthepatientsconditionaretakenintoaccount,ratherthanjusttheconditionaretakenintoaccount,ratherthanjustthediagnoseddisease.Thetermisappliedtoarangeofdiagnoseddisease.Thetermisappliedtoarangeoforthodoxandunorthodoxmethodsoftreatments.orthodoxandunorthodoxmethodsoftreatments.机能整体性的机能整体性的机能整体性的机能整体性的 描述照料病人的一种思路：应考虑病人的身体、描述照料病人的一种思路：应考虑病人的身体、描述照料病人的一种思路：应考虑病人的身体、描述照料病人的一种思路：应考虑病人的身体、精神、以及社会等各方面因素，而不是仅仅考虑经精神、以及社会等各方面因素，而不是仅仅考虑经精神、以及社会等各方面因素，而不是仅仅考虑经精神、以及社会等各方面因素，而不是仅仅考虑经诊断的疾病。此术语适用于一系列正统的和非正统诊断的疾病。此术语适用于一系列正统的和非正统诊断的疾病。此术语适用于一系列正统的和非正统诊断的疾病。此术语适用于一系列正统的和非正统的治疗方法。的治疗方法。的治疗方法。的治疗方法。holisticadj.describing1212UnderstandingtheTextPartIIntroductionPartIIntroduction(para.1-3)(para.1-3)1.Definitionofholisticmedicinegivenby1.Definitionofholisticmedicinegivenby Canadian Holistic Medical Association Canadian Holistic Medical Association(para.1-2)(para.1-2)American Holistic Medical AssociationAmerican Holistic Medical Association(AHMA)(AHMA)(Foundedin1978Foundedin1978)British Holistic Medical Association(BHMA)(Formedin1983)UnderstandingtheTextPartII1313optimal-optimal-adj.adj.thebestormostfavorableordesirablethebestormostfavorableordesirablee.g.Anoptimalenvironmentforhealinge.g.Anoptimalenvironmentforhealingwellbeing/wellness-wellbeing/wellness-n n.health.healthalternate/alternativealternate/alternativeDifficultPointsoptimal-adj.thebestorm1414AlternativeMedicine-替代医学，或非传统医学替代医学，或非传统医学a wide range of treatments for medical conditions that people use instead of or with western medicine.It is often used by the general public and some healthcare practitioners to refer to medical techniques which are not known or accepted by the majority conventional medical practitioners.Such techniques could include non-invasive,non-pharmaceutical techniques such as Medical Herbalism,Acupunture,hypnotherapy,naturopathy and many others.However,this term can also refer to any experimental drug or non-drug technique that is not currently accepted by conventional medical practitioners.AlternativeMedicine-替代医学1515整体医学是一种非传统的医学系统。它视人体整体医学是一种非传统的医学系统。它视人体为一个整体而不仅仅是各部器官总和。整体医学为一个整体而不仅仅是各部器官总和。整体医学通过促进身体、心理、感情、社会和精神等有关通过促进身体、心理、感情、社会和精神等有关人体健康的各方面的和协关系实现完美和谐的最人体健康的各方面的和协关系实现完美和谐的最正确的健康状态。正确的健康状态。整体医学强调视人体为一个整体，包括对身体、整体医学强调视人体为一个整体，包括对身体、营养、环境、感情、社会、精神和生活方式等多营养、环境、感情、社会、精神和生活方式等多方面的分析。它涵盖所有的诊疗方法，在没有其方面的分析。它涵盖所有的诊疗方法，在没有其他的平安的方法时也采用药物和手术疗法。整体他的平安的方法时也采用药物和手术疗法。整体医学重视教育病人要靠自身努力获得身体各方面医学重视教育病人要靠自身努力获得身体各方面的平衡和健康，也强调个人要对自身的平衡和健的平衡和健康，也强调个人要对自身的平衡和健康负责。康负责。整体医学是一种非传统的医学系统。它视人体为一个整16162.Holistichealth/holistichealing(para.3)2.Holistichealth/holistichealing(para.3)QuestionsQuestions:Whatisholistichealth?Whatisthegoalof:Whatisholistichealth?Whatisthegoalofholistichealing?holistichealing?HolistichealthHolistichealthisaphilosophyofmedicalcarethatisaphilosophyofmedicalcarethatviewsphysicalandmentalaspectsoflifeascloselyviewsphysicalandmentalaspectsoflifeascloselyinterconnectedandequallyimportantapproachestointerconnectedandequallyimportantapproachestotreatment.Holistichealthisnotitselfamethodoftreatment.Holistichealthisnotitselfamethodoftreatment,butisanapproachtohowtreatmentshouldtreatment,butisanapproachtohowtreatmentshouldbeapplied.beapplied.2.Holistichealth/holistiche1717DifficultPointstakes a broader takes a broader spectrumspectrum of mind,body,and spirit of mind,body,and spirit(para.3)(para.3)spectrum-spectrum-range,field,scope-range,field,scope领域领域领域领域,范围范围范围范围;谱谱谱谱;系系系系e.g.e.g.broad-spectrumantibioticbroad-spectrumantibiotic广谱抗生素广谱抗生素广谱抗生素广谱抗生素healer(para.3)healer(para.3)-apersonskilledinaparticulartype-apersonskilledinaparticulartypeoftherapy(oftherapy(SynonymSynonym:therapist):therapist)DifficultPointstakesabroade1818整体健康是指身体和精神两方面都健康，它强调的重整体健康是指身体和精神两方面都健康，它强调的重整体健康是指身体和精神两方面都健康，它强调的重整体健康是指身体和精神两方面都健康，它强调的重点不再是某一种疾病或者某些患病的部位，而是作为整体点不再是某一种疾病或者某些患病的部位，而是作为整体点不再是某一种疾病或者某些患病的部位，而是作为整体点不再是某一种疾病或者某些患病的部位，而是作为整体的一个人与其周围环境的相互影响。的一个人与其周围环境的相互影响。的一个人与其周围环境的相互影响。的一个人与其周围环境的相互影响。Holistichealthisatotalapproachtolifebothinphysicalandspiritualterms.Itdoesnotfocusonthespecificillnessorpartsofthebodysufferingfromillness,butratherfocusesonthewholepersonandtakesintoaccounthowheorsheinteractswithhisorherenvironment.整体健康是指身体和精神两方面都健康，它1919PartIIOverview(para.4-5)QuestionsQuestions:1.Whatarethehealthylifestylehabitspromotedby1.Whatarethehealthylifestylehabitspromotedbyhealthprofessionals?healthprofessionals?2.Whatdoesaholisticapproachgenerallymeanin2.Whatdoesaholisticapproachgenerallymeaninmainstreammedicine?mainstreammedicine?PartIIOverview(para.4-5)Que2020Mainstreammedicine/careMainstreammedicine/careComplementarytherapy/medicineComplementarytherapy/medicinePreventivecare/publichealthPreventivecare/publichealthHealthprofessionals/providersHealthprofessionals/providersAmoreAmoreinclusiveinclusiveapproachtoapersonshealthapproachtoapersonshealthDifficultPointsMainstreammedicine/careDiffic2121Mainstream/Conventionalmedicinee.g.ChemotherapysurgeryradiationtherapyhormonetherapyMainstream/Conventionalmedici2222ComplementaryMedicine补充医学补充医学Anon-mainstreamhealthcareprovidedinadditionorinsteadofstandardmedicalpractice.Itisoftenusedbyconventionalmedicalpractitionerstorefertonon-invasive,non-pharmaceuticaltechniquesusedasacomplementtoconventionalmedicaltreatmentssuchasdrugsandsurgery.Thetermimpliesthatconventionalmedicineisusedasaprimarytoolandthenon-invasive,non-pharmaceuticaltechniquesareusedasasupplementwhenneeded.补充医学：这一术语通常被常规医疗工作者用来指称作为常补充医学：这一术语通常被常规医疗工作者用来指称作为常规医疗如药物治疗、手术治疗补充的非侵入式的、非药物规医疗如药物治疗、手术治疗补充的非侵入式的、非药物的治疗方法。这一术语也暗示常规医疗是一种主要手段，而非的治疗方法。这一术语也暗示常规医疗是一种主要手段，而非侵入式的、非药物的疗法作为一种在需要时的补充。侵入式的、非药物的疗法作为一种在需要时的补充。ComplementaryMedicine补充医学2323PreventivecarePreventivecare isasetofmeasurestakeninisasetofmeasurestakeninadvanceofsymptomstopreventillnessorinjury.advanceofsymptomstopreventillnessorinjury.ThistypeofcareisbestexemplifiedbyroutineThistypeofcareisbestexemplifiedbyroutinephysicalexaminationsandimmunizations.Thephysicalexaminationsandimmunizations.Theemphasisisonpreventingillnessesbeforetheyemphasisisonpreventingillnessesbeforetheyoccur.occur.(compare:Publichealth)(compare:Publichealth)Preventivecareisasetofme2424healthcareprovider/healthprofessionalhealthcareprovider/healthprofessional-Ahealthcareproviderorhealthprofessionalisan-Ahealthcareproviderorhealthprofessionalisanorganizationorpersonwhodeliversproperhealthcareorganizationorpersonwhodeliversproperhealthcareinasystematicwayprofessionallytoanyindividualininasystematicwayprofessionallytoanyindividualinneedofhealthcareservices.needofhealthcareservices.HealthcareprofessionalsincludeHealthcareprofessionalsincludephysicians,physicians,physicianassistants,supportstaff,nurses,pharmacists,physicianassistants,supportstaff,nurses,pharmacists,therapists,psychologists,veterinarians(therapists,psychologists,veterinarians(兽医兽医兽医兽医),dentists,),dentists,optometrists(optometrists(配镜师配镜师配镜师配镜师),andawidevarietyofother),andawidevarietyofotherindividualsregulatedand/orlicensedtoprovidesomeindividualsregulatedand/orlicensedtoprovidesometypeofhealthcare.typeofhealthcare.healthcareprovider/health2525现有的科学证据并不说明仅仅采用整体医学而不现有的科学证据并不说明仅仅采用整体医学而不使用主流医学或传统医学疗法就可以有效地治疗使用主流医学或传统医学疗法就可以有效地治疗癌症或其它任何疾病。癌症或其它任何疾病。Availablescientificevidencedoesnotsupportclaimsthatholisticmedicine,whenusedwithoutmainstreamorconventionalmedicine,iseffectiveintreatingcanceroranyotherdisease.现有的科学证据并不说明仅仅采用整体医学而不使用主流医学或传统2626AmoreAmoreinclusiveinclusiveapproachtoapersonshealthapproachtoapersonshealth(para.5)(para.5)inclusiveinclusive1)coveringawidescope;involvingmuch1)coveringawidescope;involvingmuchoreverything;oreverything;2)all-around,general,comprehensive,2)all-around,general,comprehensive,e.g.gender-inclusivee.g.gender-inclusive不分性别的不分性别的不分性别的不分性别的all-inclusiveall-inclusive包罗万象的包罗万象的包罗万象的包罗万象的Amoreinclusiveapproachtoa2727生态环境生态环境生态环境生态环境国家、社会国家、社会国家、社会国家、社会社区、文化社区、文化社区、文化社区、文化家庭家庭家庭家庭个人个人系统系统系统系统器官器官器官器官组织组织组织组织细胞细胞细胞细胞分子分子分子分子病人情境病人情境病人情境病人情境(context)(context)(context)(context)(模糊、个体化、情绪化模糊、个体化、情绪化模糊、个体化、情绪化模糊、个体化、情绪化 (综合性系统性思维综合性系统性思维综合性系统性思维综合性系统性思维)疾病定位疾病定位疾病定位疾病定位精确、标准化、科学化精确、标准化、科学化精确、标准化、科学化精确、标准化、科学化 (分析性复原性思维分析性复原性思维分析性复原性思维分析性复原性思维)微观微观微观微观向下向下向下向下向上向上向上向上宏观宏观宏观宏观人类学人类学人类学人类学心理学心理学心理学心理学社会学社会学社会学社会学 生物生物生物生物医学医学医学医学从系统论看人类生命及其研究生态环境国家、社会社区、文化家庭个人系统器官组织细胞分子病人2828在主流医学领域，整体疗法一般指一种更为全面在主流医学领域，整体疗法一般指一种更为全面的治疗方法，不仅治疗疾病，还要考虑与病人有的治疗方法，不仅治疗疾病，还要考虑与病人有关的社会和文化因素。关的社会和文化因素。Inmainstreammedicine,aholisticapproachgenerallymeansamoreinclusiveapproachtoapersonshealth,onethatincludethepatientssocialandculturalsituationaswellasherorhisillness在主流医学领域，整体疗法一般指一种更为全面的治疗方法，不仅治2929PartIIIPromotionforUse(para.6-7)Questions:Questions:1.Whatarethecomplementarytherapiesmentionedin1.Whatarethecomplementarytherapiesmentionedinpara.6?para.6?2.Whatarethedifferentkindsofcancerclaimedtobe2.Whatarethedifferentkindsofcancerclaimedtobecuredbyholisticmethodsinpara.7?curedbyholisticmethodsinpara.7?PartIIIPromotionforUse(p3030DifficultPointsanecdotal(para.7)-informal(unscientificanecdotal(para.7)-informal(unscientificArttherapyArttherapyHypnosisHypnosisImageryImageryMeditationMeditationPsychotherapyPsychotherapySpiritualityandprayerSpiritualityandprayeryogayogaDifficultPointsanecdotal(pa3131ArtTherapyArtTherapy 艺术疗法艺术疗法艺术疗法艺术疗法Othercommonnames:creativeartstherapy,Othercommonnames:creativeartstherapy,expressiveartstherapyexpressiveartstherapyArttherapyArttherapyisusedtohelppeoplemanagephysicalandisusedtohelppeoplemanagephysicalandemotionalproblemsbyusingcreativeactivitiestoemotionalproblemsbyusingcreativeactivitiestoexpressemotions.Itprovidesawayforpeopletocomeexpressemotions.Itprovidesawayforpeopletocometotermswithemotionalconflicts,increaseself-totermswithemotionalconflicts,increaseself-awareness,andexpressunspokenandoftenunconsciousawareness,andexpressunspokenandoftenunconsciousconcernsabouttheirillnessandtheirlives.Expressiveconcernsabouttheirillnessandtheirlives.Expressiveartstherapyorcreativeartstherapymayalsoartstherapyorcreativeartstherapymayalsoincludedanceandmovement,drama,poetry,photoincludedanceandmovement,drama,poetry,phototherapyandothers,aswellasthemoretraditionalarttherapyandothers,aswellasthemoretraditionalartmethods.methods.ArtTherapy艺术疗法Othercommon3232HypnosisHypnosis催眠疗法催眠疗法催眠疗法催眠疗法Othercommonnames:Hypnotherapy,HypnoticOthercommonnames:Hypnotherapy,HypnoticSuggestion,Self-HypnosisSuggestion,Self-HypnosisHypnosisHypnosisisastateofrestfulalertnessduringwhichisastateofrestfulalertnessduringwhichapersonusesdeeplyfocusedconcentration.Thepersonapersonusesdeeplyfocusedconcentration.Thepersoncanberelativelyunawareof,butnotcompletelyblindto,canberelativelyunawareof,butnotcompletelyblindto,herorhissurroundings,andmaybemoreopentoherorhissurroundings,andmaybemoreopentosuggestion.Itisconsideredtobeatypeofcomplementarysuggestion.Itisconsideredtobeatypeofcomplementarytherapy.therapy.Hypnosis催眠疗法Othercommonnam3333ImageryImagery想象想象想象想象(疗法疗法疗法疗法)Othercommonnames:GuidedImagery,Othercommonnames:GuidedImagery,VisualizationVisualizationImageryinvolvesmentalexercisesdesignedtoallowImageryinvolvesmentalexercisesdesignedtoallowthemindtoinfluencethehealthandwellbeingofthethemindtoinfluencethehealthandwellbeingofthebody.body.Imagery想象(疗法)Othercommonna3434MeditationMeditation冥想冥想冥想冥想(疗法疗法疗法疗法)Othercommonnames:mindfulnessmeditation,Othercommonnames:mindfulnessmeditation,transcendentalmeditationtranscendentalmeditationMeditationMeditationisamind-bodyprocessthatusesisamind-bodyprocessthatusesconcentrationorreflectiontorelaxthebodyandcalmconcentrationorreflectiontorelaxthebodyandcalmthemind.Ithasbeendefinedastheintentionalself-themind.Ithasbeendefinedastheintentionalself-regulationofattention,amentalfocusonaparticularregulationofattention,amentalfocusonaparticularaspectofonesinnerorouterexperience.Oneaspectofonesinnerorouterexperience.OnecommonlypracticedtypeiscommonlypracticedtypeisTranscendentalMeditationTranscendentalMeditation,whichinvolvesrepeatingawordorphrase,eitherwhichinvolvesrepeatingawordorphrase,eithersilentlyoraloud.Anotherissilentlyoraloud.Anotherismindfulnessmeditationmindfulnessmeditation,in,inwhichapersonobservessensations,perceptions,andwhichapersonobservessensations,perceptions,andthoughtswithoutjudgmentastheyarise.thoughtswithoutjudgmentastheyarise.Meditation冥想(疗法)Othercommon3535PsychotherapyPsychotherapy心理心理心理心理/精神精神精神精神疗法疗法疗法疗法Othercommonnames:Therapy,Counseling,Othercommonnames:Therapy,Counseling,PsychologicalIntervention,PsychologicalIntervention,PsychotherapeuticTreatmentPsychotherapeuticTreatmentPsychotherapyPsychotherapycoversawiderangeofapproachescoversawiderangeofapproachesdesignedtohelppeoplechangetheirwaysofthinking,designedtohelppeoplechangetheirwaysofthinking,feeling,orbehaving.feeling,orbehaving.Psychotherapy心理/精神疗法Otherco3636SpiritualityandPrayer宗教宗教/精神疗法精神疗法Othercommonnames:Religion,spiritualhealingSpiritualityisgenerallydescribedasanawarenessofsomethinggreaterthantheindividualself.Itisoftenexpressedthroughreligionand/orprayer,althoughtherearemanyotherpathsofspiritualpursuitandexpression.SpiritualityandPrayer宗教/精神疗3737YogaYoga瑜珈瑜珈瑜珈瑜珈Othercommonname:HathaYogaOthercommonname:HathaYogaYogaYogaisaformofnon-aerobicexercisethatinvolvesaisaformofnon-aerobicexercisethatinvolvesaprogramofpreciseposture,breathingexercises,andprogramofpreciseposture,breathingexercises,andmeditation.meditation.YogacanbeausefulmethodtohelprelievesomeYogacanbeausefulmethodtohelprelievesomesymptomsofchronicdiseasessuchascancer,arthritis,symptomsofchronicdiseasessuchascancer,arthritis,andheartdiseaseandcanleadtoincreasedrelaxationandheartdiseaseandcanleadtoincreasedrelaxationandphysicalfitness.Availablescientificevidencedoesandphysicalfitness.Availablescientificevidencedoesnotsupportyogaasaneffectivetreatmentforcancerornotsupportyogaasaneffectivetreatmentforcanceroranyotherdisease;however,itmayenhancequalityofanyotherdisease;however,itmayenhancequalityoflife.Somecancertreatmentcentersevenofferyogainlife.Somecancertreatmentcentersevenofferyogainadditiontostandardmedicaltreatment.additiontostandardmedicaltreatment.Yoga瑜珈Othercommonname:Hat3838PartIVCoverage(para.8-11)QuestionsQuestions:1.Whatdoallpractitionersstresswhentheyare1.Whatdoallpractitionersstresswhentheyarepracticingholisticmedicine?(Para.8)practicingholisticmedicine?(Para.8)2.Whatdoesholisticmedicineinvolve?(Para.9-10)2.Whatdoesholisticmedicineinvolve?(Para.9-10)PartIVCoverage(para.8-11)Q3939DifficultPointsHelicobacterpyloripalripalri幽门螺杆菌幽门螺杆菌supplement:补品补品(natural/botanical/health/dietary/nutritional)syntheticinterferonhealingtouchDifficultPoints4040HelicobacterPylori:HelicobacterPylori:幽门螺杆菌幽门螺杆菌幽门螺杆菌幽门螺杆菌HelicobacterpyloriisabacteriumthatinfectsthemucusHelicobacterpyloriisabacteriumthatinfectsthemucusliningofthehumanstomach.Manypepticulcers(liningofthehumanstomach.Manypepticulcers(消化消化消化消化性溃疡性溃疡性溃疡性溃疡andsometypesofgastritisarecausedbyH.andsometypesofgastritisarecausedbyH.pyloriinfection,althoughmosthumanswhoareinfectedpyloriinfection,althoughmosthumanswhoareinfectedwillneverdevelopsymptoms.Thisbacteriumlivesinthewillneverdevelopsymptoms.Thisbacteriumlivesinthehumanstomachexclusivelyandistheonlyknownhumanstomachexclusivelyandistheonlyknownorganismthatcanthriveinthathighlyacidicorganismthatcanthriveinthathighlyacidicenvironment.Itishelix-shaped(hencethenameenvironment.Itishelix-shaped(hencethenamehelicobacter)andcanliterallyscrewitselfintothehelicobacter)andcanliterallyscrewitselfintothestomachliningtocolonize.(helix-stomachliningtocolonize.(helix-螺旋线螺旋线螺旋线螺旋线)HelicobacterPylori:幽门螺杆菌Hel4141早在一个世纪前就有人发现胃内存在一种螺旋状早在一个世纪前就有人发现胃内存在一种螺旋状早在一个世纪前就有人发现胃内存在一种螺旋状早在一个世纪前就有人发现胃内存在一种螺旋状微生物，由于长期未能别离而未受到重视。微生物，由于长期未能别离而未受到重视。微生物，由于长期未能别离而未受到重视。微生物，由于长期未能别离而未受到重视。直至直至直至直至19831983年澳大利亚佩思皇家医院的年澳大利亚佩思皇家医院的年澳大利亚佩思皇家医院的年澳大利亚佩思皇家医院的WarrenWarren和和和和MarshallMarshall报道从胃内成功地别离出报道从胃内成功地别离出报道从胃内成功地别离出报道从胃内成功地别离出“未鉴定的弯曲未鉴定的弯曲未鉴定的弯曲未鉴定的弯曲状杆菌状杆菌状杆菌状杆菌(unidentifiedcurvedbacilli)(unidentifiedcurvedbacilli)后后后后,才引才引才引才引起医学