宾语补足语(课堂)

Unit 3 grammarobject complement 宾语补足语宾语补足语定义定义：宾语补足语是补充宾语的成分：宾语补足语是补充宾语的成分,对宾语的身对宾语的身份、职位、用途等进行进一步解释说明。份、职位、用途等进行进一步解释说明。位置位置：通常置于：通常置于宾语之后宾语之后。*复合宾语复合宾语=宾语宾语+宾补宾补句子的基本结构句子的基本结构 主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语*注意注意：能带宾补结构的动词一定是：能带宾补结构的动词一定是及物动词。及物动词。宾语补足语宾语补足语1.We consider our Chinese teacher a good friend.2.We find our Chinese teacher patient.3.We call our class teacher Mr.Tian.Examples:一一、名词词组和形容词常充当宾语补、名词词组和形容词常充当宾语补足语足语1.We made him our monitor.2.They elected John chairman of the committee（委（委员会）会）.3.You should keep your room clean.4.Wed better leave the door open.二、不定式二、不定式to do to do 和不带和不带toto的不定式的不定式（动词原形）充当宾语补足语。（动词原形）充当宾语补足语。1.They believed this document to be the official version.2.Professor Zhangs speech made us laugh.三、介词短语充当宾语补足语。三、介词短语充当宾语补足语。1.She said goodbye to us with tears in her eyes.2.We could hear the children at play outside.3.Why didnt you invite them in?注意：注意：宾语补足语在数上与宾语保持一致。宾语补足语在数上与宾语保持一致。Examples:1.She made Joe her companion in Rome.2.She made Joe and Sue her companions in Rome.1.Either or要么要么要么要么;两者两者择一，二选一择一，二选一Example:-Which language can I use to greet you?(in English/in Chinese)-You can greet us either in English or in Chinese2.Neithernor既不既不也不也不 反义反义：bothand两者都两者都Example:-Do you speak French or Spanish?-I speak neither French nor Spanish.-Which one can I take,Sir?-I am afraid,you can take _.neither the gun nor the cigar-Where can I stay on Saturday night,Sir?-You can stay _ in the classroom _ in the dormitory.either or第一类第一类:感官动词感官动词,所接的宾补可以是所接的宾补可以是 v-ing,过去分词过去分词donedone,或或动词原形动词原形。feel,hear,listen to,notice,observe,see,watch,look at1.I saw him _(cross)the road.2.We all listen to the girl _.cross/crossingsinging/sing*V-ing 表正在进行和主动表正在进行和主动;*动词原形表完成，整个过程动词原形表完成，整个过程.*过去分词表被动过去分词表被动如如：see sb doing sth 看到某人正在做某事看到某人正在做某事 see sb do sth 看到某人做某事（整个过程）看到某人做某事（整个过程）see sth done see sth done看到某事被做看到某事被做 3.A:I often hear this song _(sing),but I have never heard him _ (sing)it.B:Listen!I can hear him _(sing)it now.sungsingsinging4.After a knock at the door,the child heard his mothers voice _ him.A.calling B.calledC.being called D.to callA第二类第二类:使役动词使役动词(使动意义使动意义的动词的动词)have,)have,make,let,leave make,let,leave 和和 getget后接宾语补足语后接宾语补足语的情况的情况have sb do sth have sb do sth 使使/让某人做某事让某人做某事have sth done have sth done 使使/让某物被做让某物被做have sb doing have sb doing 使某人一直做某事使某人一直做某事make sb do sth make sb do sth 使某人做某事使某人做某事make sth donemake sth done使某事被做使某事被做get sth doneget sth done使某事被做使某事被做get sb doing sth get sb doing sth 使某人开始做某事使某人开始做某事get sb to do sth get sb to do sth 使某人做某事使某人做某事Let sb do sth Let sb do sth 让某人做某事让某人做某事leave sth done leave sth done 使某事被做使某事被做leave sb to do sthleave sb to do sth让某人做某事让某人做某事leave sb doing sth leave sb doing sth 让某人一直做某事让某人一直做某事1.If Mr Smith is in the hall,will he please make himself _(know)to me?2.It makes people _(know)the importance of protecting environment.knownknowExamples：3.Please have these boxes _ (carry)to the station right now.carried 用所给动词的恰当形式填空用所给动词的恰当形式填空:repairedrepairHave a try1.I have had my bike_(repair),and Im going to have my brother_(repair)my radio tomorrow.2.Dont leave the water _(run)while you brush your teeth.3.He raised his voice to make himself _(hear).runningheard第三类第三类:find,keep 等几个词的用法灵活等几个词的用法灵活,后接的宾补可以是后接的宾补可以是现在分词现在分词、过去分词过去分词等。等。find+find+宾语宾语+doing+doing 发现发现正在做某事正在做某事find+find+宾语宾语+done+done 过去分词过去分词 发现发现被做被做keep+keep+宾语宾语+doing+doing 使使一直做某事一直做某事注意注意：find find 后不接后不接to do to do 不定式不定式Eg:Suddenly I found my wallet stolen.1.They found an old woman _ (lie)on the ground.2.lyingHave a try He kept me _(wait)for half an hour.waitingpractice1.Tell him _ the window.A.to shut not B.not to shut C.to not shut D.not shut2.-Theres a hole in your bag.-I know,Im going to have it _.A.mend B.mending C.mended D.to be mended3.I found the door _ when I got home.A.opened B.close C.unlocking D.open4.I feel _ unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants.A.that B.how C.it D.what单项选择5.When I put my hand on his chest,I could feel his heart still _.A.beat B.to be beating C.beating D.was beating6.You had better get a doctor _ your bad tooth.A.pull out B.to pull out C.pulled out D.pulling out7.He managed to make himself_with his_English.A.understand;breaking B.understand;brokenC.understood;breaking D.understood;broken8.The doctor asked him not to leave his wound _.A.expose B.exposed C.to expose D.exposing9.You cant have the horse _ all the way.Its too hot.A.run B.to run C.running D.to be running10.I think _ necessary to learn English well.A.its B.it C.that D.that isCB11.I heard that you were elected _ this time.A.monitor B.the monitor C.a monitor D.my monitorA充当充当宾补宾补 的名词若表示的名词若表示正式的正式的或或独一无独一无二二的的头衔、职位头衔、职位时时,前面一般前面一般不用冠词不用冠词。eg.They elected John chairman of the committee.12.When I came back,I found nobody _.It was empty.A.on B.out C.in D.away13.The speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself _.A.hear B.to hear C.hearing D.heardCD14.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see_ the next week.A.carry out B.carrying outC.carried outD.to carry outsee sb.do/doing 看到某人做看到某人做/正在做正在做see sth.done 看到。被。看到。被。C15.Though he had often made his little sister _,today he was made _ by his little sister.A.cry;to cry B.crying;crying B.C.cry;cry D.to cry;cryA使役动词使役动词h have,make,leave 等在被动等在被动的情况下后宾语要用带的情况下后宾语要用带toto的不定式的不定式the end