7生理心理学教学课件

BIOPSYCHOLOGYDelizhangTel:846232029NOV20081BiopsychologyBiopsychology Cortical functions Awareness Motivation and emotion29NOV20082BiopsychologyMethods of investigating brain function-measurementmeasuring/observational techniques测量测量/观察观察技术技术Microelectrode 微电极微电极 electrochemical电化电化学学Visual cortex 视觉皮层视觉皮层 retina 视网膜视网膜Electroencephalogram(EEG)脑电图脑电图Electrooculargram(EOG)眼电图，眼电图，眼电流扫描法眼电流扫描法 Electromyogram(EMG)肌电图，肌电图，电子显微镜检查电子显微镜检查scalp 头皮头皮 epileptic 癫痫患者癫痫患者 Alzheimers disease 阿尔采姆氏病阿尔采姆氏病Still picture 静止图像静止图像 dynamic picture 动态图像动态图像29NOV20083BiopsychologyMethods of investigating brain function-alterationDeliberate damage 故意损毁故意损毁Ablation/lesion studies 切除切除/损伤研究损伤研究Hypothalamus 下丘脑下丘脑 amygdala 杏仁核杏仁核Callosum 胼胝体胼胝体 Prefrontal lobotomy 前额叶切除术前额叶切除术29NOV20084BiopsychologyLocalisation of brain function-exterior structureFrontal lobe 额叶额叶 Occipital lobe 枕叶枕叶 temporal lobe 颞叶颞叶 inertia 惯性惯性 parietal lobe顶叶顶叶 parietal cortex顶皮顶皮层层 lateral sulcus 外侧裂外侧裂 angular gyrus 角角回回Central sulcus 中央沟中央沟 cerebellum 小脑小脑Voluntary motor control 自主运动控制自主运动控制Visual agnosia 视觉失认症视觉失认症 29NOV20085BiopsychologyLocalisation of brain functioncross-sectingal structuresThalamus 丘脑丘脑 hippocampus 海马海马Cerebral 大脑大脑 cerebral hemisphere 大大脑半球脑半球Ventromedial 腹侧正中腹侧正中 septum 隔隔 medulla延髓延髓posterior hypothalamus下丘脑后部下丘脑后部Basal ganglia 基底神经节基底神经节 pons脑桥脑桥corpus callosum胼胝体胼胝体 pituiatary gland垂体腺垂体腺Reticular activating system网状激活系统网状激活系统Homeostasis体内平衡（稳态）体内平衡（稳态）29NOV20086BiopsychologyLocalisation of brain functionthe cerebral hmisphereLateralisation and asymmetry of brain function脑功能的单侧化和非对称性脑功能的单侧化和非对称性The opposite side of the brain 脑的对侧脑的对侧Visuospatial problem 视觉空间问题视觉空间问题Synthetic or holistic thought综合或整体性综合或整体性思考思考Olfaction left nostril左鼻孔嗅觉左鼻孔嗅觉Spatial construction空间结构空间结构29NOV20087BiopsychologyHemisphere deconnection and unity in conscious awareness SperryVisual stimuli presented in one visual field at a time一个时间单位内视觉刺激呈现在一个视野里一个时间单位内视觉刺激呈现在一个视野里Different visual stimuli presented simultaneously to different visual fields 不同不同视觉刺激同时呈现在不同视野视觉刺激同时呈现在不同视野Tactile stimuli presented to different hands触觉触觉刺激给予不同的手刺激给予不同的手Arithmetical problems 算术题算术题Psychosurgery 心理外科心理外科29NOV20088BiopsychologyNeurophysiology of perceptionCornea 角膜角膜 pupil 瞳孔瞳孔 blind spot盲点盲点Optic nerve 视神经视神经 macula 黄斑黄斑Photosensitive 感光感光 Cones视锥细胞视锥细胞 rods视杆细胞视杆细胞Bipolar cells双极细胞双极细胞 ganglion cell 神经节细胞神经节细胞Optic chiasma视神经交叉视神经交叉 Lateral geniculate neclue 外侧膝状核外侧膝状核Superior colliculus 上丘上丘Striate visual cortex条纹视觉皮层条纹视觉皮层29NOV20089BiopsychologyEvaluation of neurophysiological findingsEnvironmental experience环境体验环境体验Integration of cortical areas devoted to speaking a written passage大脑皮质对读出书面文字的整合作用大脑皮质对读出书面文字的整合作用Neuroscientist神经科学家神经科学家29NOV200810BiopsychologyThe nervous and endocrine systemsDendrite 树突树突 Axon 轴突轴突 vesicle（突触）小（突触）小泡泡 terminal end bulb终端（突触小体）终端（突触小体）Synapse 突触突触 neurotransmitter神经介质（递神经介质（递质）质）Spinal cord 脊髓脊髓 central nervous system(CNS)中枢神经系统中枢神经系统Peripheral nervous system(PNS)周围神经系统周围神经系统Autonomic nervous system 自主神经系统自主神经系统Somatic nervous system 躯体神经系统躯体神经系统转下页29NOV200811BiopsychologyAdrenaline release释放肾上腺素释放肾上腺素Parasympathetic branch 副交感神经分支副交感神经分支Endocrine system 内分泌系统内分泌系统 endocrine land 腺腺Pituitary gland 垂体垂体 pineal gland 松果体松果体Anterior and posterior section 前部和后部前部和后部Thyroid gland 甲状腺甲状腺 thyroxin 甲状腺素甲状腺素Corticosteroed皮质类固醇皮质类固醇 pancreas 胰胰腺腺Insulin 胰岛素胰岛素 glucagon(胰胰)高血高血糖素糖素Gonad 生殖腺生殖腺 progesterone 孕激孕激素素29NOV200812BiopsychologyNeurotransmitters,drugs and their effectsAcetylcholine(Ach)乙酰胆碱乙酰胆碱 curare（筒）（筒）箭毒箭毒Dopamine 多巴胺多巴胺 valium安定安定Norepinephrine去甲肾上腺素去甲肾上腺素Serotonin 5羟色胺羟色胺 cirrhosis 肝硬化肝硬化Tolerance 耐受性耐受性 amphetamine 安非他安非他明明withdrawal symptoms戒断症状戒断症状 asthmatics哮喘哮喘Narcoleptics 发作性睡眠病患者发作性睡眠病患者Cocaine 可卡因可卡因 euphoria 欣快症欣快症29NOV200813BiopsychologyState of awarenessAlertness 警觉警觉 hypnotic trance催眠性恍催眠性恍惚惚Meditation 冥想冥想 lucid dreaming清醒梦清醒梦Narcolepsy 发作性睡眠症发作性睡眠症 cataplexy猝倒症猝倒症29NOV200814BiopsychologyBody rhythmsCircannual rhythm 年节奏年节奏 hibernation 冬眠冬眠Infradian rhythm 外节律外节律 melatonin褪黑激素褪黑激素Menstruation 月经月经 circadian rhythm 昼夜节律昼夜节律Suprachiasmatic nuclei 视交叉上核视交叉上核Ultradian rhythm 超昼夜节律超昼夜节律Diurnal rhythm 昼节律昼节律 nocturnal rhythm夜节律夜节律Hypnagogic experience 入睡体验入睡体验Supra-chiasmatic nucleus 视上核视上核raphe nucleus中缝核中缝核Serotonin 5羟色胺（羟色胺（5-HT）29NOV200815BiopsychologyTheories of the function of sleep睡眠功能理论睡眠功能理论Sleep deprivation睡眠剥夺睡眠剥夺Depersonalisation 人格解体人格解体Protein synthesis 蛋白合成蛋白合成Sustain 维修维修 impaired 损害损害 Cumulative积累的积累的 facilitates有利于有利于Expenditure消费消费 nocturnal夜间活动的夜间活动的Preyed捕食捕食 burst爆发爆发 adverse相反的相反的29NOV200816BiopsychologyTheories of the function of dreaming梦的功能理论梦的功能理论Incoherent混乱，无条理混乱，无条理 metaphor比喻比喻Dream censor梦传感器（审查）梦传感器（审查）Disguised掩饰掩饰 bombardment轰击轰击 Assimilation融合融合Acetylcholine乙酰胆碱乙酰胆碱 29NOV200817Biopsychology“the relation of eye movement during sleep to dream activity:an objective method for the study of dreams”Dement and Kleitman(1957)睡眠进入做梦活动期间的眼动关系：一睡眠进入做梦活动期间的眼动关系：一项梦研究的客观方法项梦研究的客观方法Significant positive correlation显著正相关显著正相关Rapid eye movement（REM）快速眼动睡）快速眼动睡眠期眠期vertical eye movement上下眼动上下眼动Horizontal eye movement 水平眼动水平眼动Whim 突然产生的念头突然产生的念头29NOV200818BiopsychologyThe brain physiology of arousal and sleep 唤醒与睡眠的大脑生理唤醒与睡眠的大脑生理学学Supra-chiasmatic nucleus 视上核视上核raphe nucleus中缝核（脑干缝际核）中缝核（脑干缝际核）Thalamus丘脑丘脑 pineal gland松果体松果体 serotonin血清血清 locus coeruleus 蓝斑核蓝斑核Pons脑桥脑桥 pontine cell 脑桥核脑桥核 medulla延延髓髓 Reticular activating system(RAS)网状激网状激活系统活系统Non Rapid eye movement（NREM）非快）非快速眼动睡眠期速眼动睡眠期 cerebrospinal 脑脊髓脑脊髓的的29NOV200819BiopsychologyThe nature and applications of hypnosis催眠的性质与应用催眠的性质与应用Hypnotism 催眠术催眠术 suggestibility易受暗示易受暗示性性Depth of hypnosis催眠深度催眠深度Stanford hypnotic susceptibiity scale斯坦斯坦福催眠易感量表福催眠易感量表Amputate切断切断 analgesia痛觉缺失痛觉缺失Wart removal痛觉缺失痛觉缺失 addiction成瘾成瘾Cathartic effect宣泄效应宣泄效应29NOV200820BiopsychologyTheories of hypnosisNeo-dissociation theory新分离理论新分离理论 Agony剧痛剧痛 ischaemic pain局部缺血性疼局部缺血性疼痛痛perturbed不安不安Opaque难懂的，不透明的难懂的，不透明的29NOV200821BiopsychologyPhysiological theories of motivation动机的生理学理论动机的生理学理论Homeostate稳态稳态 equilibrium平衡平衡Vasoconstriction血管收缩血管收缩 The medial forebrain bundle前脑内侧束前脑内侧束Hypothalamus下丘脑下丘脑 cerebral cortex大脑大脑皮层皮层Bestowed赠给赠给 29NOV200822BiopsychologyPhysiological mechanisms for the hunger drive 饥饿趋力的生理饥饿趋力的生理机制机制Duodenum十二指肠十二指肠 oesophagus食道食道Satiety饱足饱足 cholecystokinin(CCK)胆囊收胆囊收缩素缩素Fatty acid脂肪酸脂肪酸 intestine（小）肠（小）肠Obese肥胖肥胖 insulin胰岛素胰岛素Blood glucose level血糖水平血糖水平Hyperphagic过渡吃食的过渡吃食的Ablate摘除摘除 distension不紧张不紧张Glucoreceptor葡萄糖受体葡萄糖受体29NOV200823BiopsychologyPsychological theories of motivation 1心理学的动机理论心理学的动机理论 1Curiosity好奇好奇 thematic apperception test主题统觉测验主题统觉测验Projective投射的投射的Dessonance不协调不协调29NOV200824BiopsychologyPsychological theories of motivation 2心理学的动机理论心理学的动机理论 2Incentive诱因诱因 mathematical formula数学数学公式公式Biological needs生物需要生物需要Satisfy the need需要满足需要满足Behavioural terms行为主义术语行为主义术语Postulate假设假设Thwart阻挠阻挠29NOV200825BiopsychologyTheories of emotion 情感理论情感理论Noradrenaline去甲肾上腺素去甲肾上腺素Adrenaline肾上腺素肾上腺素Scary吓人的吓人的29NOV200826BiopsychologySchachter and Singers cognitive labelling theory 沙克特与辛格的认知沙克特与辛格的认知标签理论标签理论Placebo安慰剂安慰剂 saline solution盐水溶液盐水溶液Euphorically欣快的欣快的 rip up撕碎撕碎Misattribution不认为是不认为是结果结果Elicitation引出引出 appraisal引出引出29NOV200827Biopsychologycognitive,social,and physiological determinants of emotional stateSchachter and Singer情绪状态的认知、社会及生理的决定因素情绪状态的认知、社会及生理的决定因素 沙沙克特与辛格克特与辛格The sympathetic nervous system交感神经交感神经系统系统Palpitation心悸心悸 the euphoric stooge欣快欣快的助手的助手Deception欺骗欺骗29NOV200828BiopsychologyThe physiology of emotion情绪心情绪心理学理学Frontal cortex额叶皮质额叶皮质Prefrontal lobotomy前额叶切断术前额叶切断术Schizophrenic精神分裂症患者精神分裂症患者Mammillary body乳头体乳头体Limbic system边缘系统边缘系统 septum隔（区）隔（区）Cingulate gyrus扣带回扣带回 brain stem脑干脑干Substantia nigra黑质黑质 dopamine多巴胺多巴胺Endorphin内啡肽内啡肽 androgen雄激素雄激素29NOV200829BiopsychologyThe physiological effects of stress应激的生理效应应激的生理效应 General adaptation syndrome(GAS)全身适应综全身适应综合症合症Adrenocorticotrophic hormone(ACTH)促肾上腺皮质激素促肾上腺皮质激素Corticosteroids皮质类固醇皮质类固醇Immune system免疫系统免疫系统 ulceration溃疡溃疡Inflammation发炎发炎 anxiety焦虑焦虑Physiological effects生理效应生理效应Psychological effects心理效应心理效应Depression and helplessness抑郁及无助抑郁及无助29NOV200830BiopsychologyCoping with and reducing stress应对与减少应激应对与减少应激Stressful life events应激生活事件应激生活事件Hassles and uplifts烦恼与欢乐烦恼与欢乐Catastrophic stress灾难性应激灾难性应激Tranquilliser镇静安慰剂镇静安慰剂Cathartic behaviour宣泄行为宣泄行为Biofeedback生物反馈生物反馈Appropriate behaviour恰当行为恰当行为29NOV200831Biopsychology供娄浪颓蓝辣袄驹靴锯澜互慌仲写绎衰斡染圾明将呆则孰盆瘸砒腥悉漠堑脊髓灰质炎(讲课2019)脊髓灰质炎(讲课2019)