2011年高考英语 定语从句复习专题3

2011年高考英语定语从句复习专题3学习目标：1.掌握定语从句中which和that的区别2.掌握介词+which类引导词中介词的选择方法3.掌握带有插入语的定语从句4.掌握定语从句与强调句式的区别知识清单清单一掌握定语从句中which 和 that的辨异1.通常只能用that的情况当先行词是不定代词all, much, little, few, none, , anything, nothing，everything等时 (something后可以用which)。先行词既包含人又包含物时.They talked about things and persons that they remembered。先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。先行词被the only,both,the very ,all ,no,little/few,much, any, every,修饰时。先行词是疑问词who, what, which时。Who that you have ever seen can beat him in chess?2.通常只能用which的情况引导非限制性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子时。先行词本身就是that时。I have that which you gave me.我有你给的那个。介词之后须用which. This is the one of which Im speaking. 这就是我所讲的那个。清单二介词+which类引导词中介词的选择方法.根据从句中的动词、形容词、与介词的固定搭配而定。He is the man on whom you can depend . The goals which he had fought for all his life no longer seemed important to him.The girl whom you work is his girlfriend.We assume that the meanings of these underwater sounds are similar to those with which we are familiar on land.根据先行词来判断介词 所选用的介词与先行词构成固定搭配。比如：at the rate, in the direction, to the extent, to the degree,等，一般情况下此类短语在句中做状语语，通过把该介宾短语中的名词作先行词来构成定语从句的方式来考察。a. About a thousand species of animals are in danger of extinction, and the rate at which they are being destroyed has increased.b.When the television was first introduced, the extent to which it would affect society could not have been foreseen. 先行词与从句中相关名词的关系。例如：By nine oclock , all the Olympic torch bears had reached the top of the Mount Qomolangma, appeared a rare rainbow soon.A. of which B. on which C. from which D. above which清单三带有插入语的定语从句所谓带有插入语的定语从句，即是指在有些定语从句的关系词后边往往紧跟一个“主谓结构”，但这个“主谓结构”并非从句的主谓语，而是一个表达个人观点的插入语。例句：a. He ran all the way from the station , which I thought was incredible.b.This is the woman artists said posed(使摆姿势; 以身份出现) as a model for the painting. A. whose B. who C. which D. whomc. It was such a serious mistake, _ caused by carelessness. A. which I think was B. which I think it was C. I think which was D. I think which it was 清单四定语从句和强调句式的区别用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。 It is on the morning of May 1st _ I met Liang Wei at the airport It is the factory _ Mr Wang works 解析：定语从句与强调句的主要区别方法是：把强调句中的It iswas去掉，再把被强调部分还原，在不增加或减少任何单词的情况下，如句子仍然成立则为强调句，否则为定语从句。因此：先将第小题改为：I met Liang Wei on the morning of May 1st at the airport显然，这句话是正确的，故为强调句。小题则是定语从句，用上述方法转换便知the factory前差个介词in，故填 where。 特别注意：这一句型中，一定不能因为被强调部分是表时间或地点的词就用when或where代替 that。常考点：强调句型常与定语从句或同位语从句同时考察清单五定语从句与习惯句型 用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。 It is the first time _ she has been in Shanghai It was the time _ Chinese people had a hard life 解析：这里小题是一个习惯句型，其结构为：It iswas the firstsecond time that从句。故填that，其意为：这是她第一次在上海。小题the time是先行词，其后是表示时间的定语从句，故填 when。牛刀小试：1. Who _ has common sense will do such a thing? A. which B. whoC. whom D. that 2. On my way home in the street I saw a lady _ I thought was your aunt. A. who B. whom C. which D. whose3. All the apples _ fell down were eaten by the pigs. A. that B. thoseC. whichD. what 4. They asked him to tell them everything _ he saw at the front. A. what B. thatC. which D. where 5. Ill tell you _ he told me last night. A. all which B. all whatC. that all D. all 6. Which sentence is wrong? A. The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put it into my mouth. B. Do you know the boy who jumped onto the platform? C. Science and new technology have made it possible for farmers to produce more food on the same amount of land. D. People in ancient times took it for granted that the sun moved round the earth. 7. The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success.A for whichB at whichC in whichD on wich8. The Second World War _ millions of people were killed ended in 1945. A. when B. during thatC. in which D. which 9. Mr. Crossett will never forget the day _ he spent with his various students. A. when B. whichC. during which D. on which 10. It was such a serious mistake, _ caused by carelessness. A. which I think was B. which I think it was C. I think which was D. I think which it was 11. I gave him a warning, _ he turned a deaf ear. A. of which B. for which C. to that D. to which高考链接：1. Eric received training in computer for one year, _ he found a job in a big company. 2007 辽宁A. after that B. after which C. after it D. after this2、(06陕西)8.She was educated at Beijing University, _ she went on to have her advanced study abroad.A. after which B. from which C. from that D. after that3. He was educated at a local grammar school, _ he went on to Cambridge. （05山东卷）A. from whichB. after thatC. after whichD. from this4. He was educated at the local high school, _ he went on to Beijing University. 2007 江苏卷 A. after whichB. after thatC. in which D. in that5. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes _ people were eaten by the tiger. (05广东卷) A. in which B. by which C. which D. that 6. The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs _ they are being trained. (05江西卷)Ain thatBfor thatCin whichDfor which 7. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree _ they can be controlled on purpose. 2007 重庆卷A. with which B. to which C. of which D. for which8、(08上海卷 38) We went through a period _ communications were very difficult in the rural areas. A. which B. whose C. in which D. with which9、(08上海春卷 38)37. Villagers here depend on the fishing industry，_ there wont be much work A. where B. that C. by which D. without which 10、(08四川卷04)For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread our further, _ New York is an example. A. for which B. in which C. of which D. from which11、(06湖南卷)30.We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, _we gave some bells and glasses.A. to which B. to whom C. with whom D. with which12、(06浙江卷)13. I was given three books on cooking, the first _ I really enjoyed. A. of that B. of which C. that D. which13、(06江苏卷)29. The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, _ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.A. who B. that C. as D. which27. Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. A. what B. whose C. which D. that16. I refuse to accept the blame for something _was someone elses fault. A. who B. that C. as D. what11. The old temple _ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair. A. where B. which C. its D. whose32. The newly built caf, the walls of_ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work. A. that B. it C. what D. which 24. As a child , Jack studied in a village school ,_ is named after his grandfather. A. which B. where C. what D. that 10After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling， turned out to be a wise decision Athat Bwhich Cwhen Dwhere8. Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?You should try the barbers I go. Its only 15. A. as B. which C. where D. that38. Wind power is an ancient source of energy we may return in the near future. A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which24. Thats the new machine _ parts are too small to be seen. A. that B. which C. whose D. What31 The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister _ she would stay for an hour. A where B who C which D what 28. Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school I met in the English speech contest last year. A. who B. where C. when D. which24. Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet life has developed gradually. A. thatB. whereC. whichD. whose