2023年英语专业四级语法练习题附答案详解

英语专业四级语法练习题than1. Mary is _ than Alice. (1992)A. more experienced a teacher B. a more experienced teacherC. more an experienced teacher D. more experienced teacheran experienced teacher, 比较级加在形容词前，因此B。2. _ the two, Bob is _ student. (1995)A. Of, more diligentB. In, more diligentC. Of, the more diligentD. In, the more diligentthe 比较级 of the two，因此C。3. Western Nebraska generally receives less snow than _ Eastern Nebraska. (1996)A. in B. it receives in C. does D. it does in完整形式应当是：than Eastern Nebraska receives snow，省去了部分谓语，保存了主语和助动词，可以倒装，因此C。4. The indoor swimming pool seems to be a great more luxurious than _. (1998)A. is necessaryB. being necessary C. to be necessaryD. it is necessary这个句子是一个由than引导的比较状语从句，既然是从句那么可以排除BC；than引导的从句中省略了的主语应当是the indoor swimming pool，为避免反复，一般省略，不需要用it来指代。A。5. There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of mountain climbing than _ in the public mind today. (1999)A. exists B. exist C. existing D. to exist省略了的主语是anxiety，因此谓语动词用第三人称单数：A6. The experiment requires more money than _. (2023)A. have been put in B. being put in C. has been put in D. to be put inthan引导的从句中省略了的主语应当是money，因此谓语动词要用第三人称单数，C。7. The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of a fully-loaded truck, _ to the truck. (2023)A. the greater stress is B. greater is the stressC. the stress is greater D. the greater the stress“地表和载满货品卡车的接触面越小，卡车对地面的压强就越大。”A。as8. Some dieters find that after their dieting is over, they ate twice _ they did before their diet. (1993)A. more thanB. as many as C. much than D. as much asD,“饭量是以前的两倍”。A是指“三倍”，不合常理。9. Language belongs to each member of the society, to the cleaner _ to the professor. (1998)A. as far as B. the same as C. as much as D. as long asC，as much as“达成与同样的限度”，完整的后半个句子应是：language belongs tothe cleaner as much as it belong to the professor “语言属于社会的每个成员，既属于清洁工，也属于专家”；as far as“一直到某个限度”；the same as“与同样”；表达“清洁工和专家是同样的”，意思不妥；as long as“只要”。10. She did her work _ her manager had instructed. (2023)A. as B. until C. when D. thoughas可表达方式，意思是“按照，如同”；“她依照经理的指示办事。”A。11. The trumpet player was certainly loud. But I wasnt bothered by his loudness _ by his lack of talent. (2023)A. so much asB. rather than C. as D. thanA考点是not so much as句型，表达“与其说是，倒不如说是”、“更多的是，而不是”。“毫无疑问，那个喇叭手的号声吵死了，但与其说我烦他的声音大，倒不如说烦他没吹号的天分。”12. His remarks were _ annoy everybody at the meeting. (2023)A. so as to B. such as to C. such to D. as much as tosuch as为固定搭配，意为“到如此限度以致”，又如：His illness is not such as to cause anxiety.他的病还没有严重到令人紧张的地步。A is to B what C is to D13. Twelve is to three _ four is to one. (1998)A. what B. as C. that D. like水对鱼的关系就像空气对人的关系同样：Water is to fish what air is to man.14. Intellect is to the mind _ sight is to the body. (2023)A. what B. as C. that D. like智力对于思想，如同视力对于身体同样。not + 比较级 + than, no + 比较级 + than15. John is _ hardworking than his sister, but he failed in the exam. (1998)A. no less B. no more C. not less D. no soA，“约翰的用功绝不亚于他姐姐，可是这次考试他却没及格。”not less than只是比较约翰和他姐姐，没有强调约翰非常用功。16. Fat cannot change into muscle _ muscle changes into fat. (1999)A. any more thanB. no more thanC. no less than D. much more thanA，“脂肪不能转变为肌肉，就像肌肉不能转变为脂肪同样。”not any more than意思是“和同样都不”。as / though / much as17. David Singer, my friends father, _ raised and educated in New York, lived and lectured in Africa most of his life. (1993)A. who B. if C. while D. thoughD，表达转折。答案C while只是表达同时并列的转折。如：While I understand your views, I cant agree with you.18. _ he needed money for a new car, he decided not to borrow it from the bank. (1998)A. Much as B. Much thoughC. As much D. Though muchA, much as可看作是固定词组，作连词，引导让步状语从句，表达“尽管，虽然”。如Much as I should like to see you, I am afraid you could not come.19. Fool _ Jane is, she could not have done such a thing. (2023)A. who B. as C. that D. likeB，有倒装，a./n. + as + 主语 + 助动词be，如：Patient as he is, he cant bear it any longer.20. _ I like economics, I like sociology much better. (2023)A. As much as B. So much C. How much D. Much asD, 同18题。21. _, Mr. Wells is scarcely in sympathy with the working class. (2023)A. Although he is a socialist B. Even if he is a socialistC. Being a socialist D. Since he is a socialist虽然韦尔斯先生是一个社会主义者，但他对工人阶级却没有什么同情心。表转折含义的只有A项。定语从句22. Above the trees are the hills, _ magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface. (2023)A. where B. of whose C. whose D. whichC，关系代词在从句中做定语。“树的上面是山，它的倒影忠实地映照在河面上。”23. Only take such clothes _ really necessary. (1994)A. as were B. as they are C. as they wereD. as areD，as引导定语从句，先行词是clothes，as在从句中作主语，所以BC不对，由于they是多余的；A的时态与主句不搭配。24. _ is often the case with a new idea, much preliminary activity and optimistic discussion produced no concrete proposals. (1994)A. That B. It C. This D. AsD，as作关系代词，引导非限定性定语从句，表达整个主句的意思。“正如一种新的观念产生时同样，人们总是做许多准备活动和积极的讨论，却拿不出具体的建议。”25. This company has now introduced a policy _ pay rises are related to performance at work. (1996)A. which B. where C. whether D. whatB，“公司现在提出了一项新政策，依照新政策，工资增长与工作业绩挂钩。”26. The Physicist has made a discovery, _ of great importance to the progress of science and technology. (1997)A. I think which isB. that I think is C. which I think isD. which I think it isC，I think是插入语，which在从句中就是主语，D中it是多余的。27. I have never been to London, but that is the city _. (1997)A. where I like to visit most B. Id most like to visitC. which I like to visit mostly D. where Id like most to visitB, 一方面排除A，由于the city在从句中作宾语，不能用where引导；C中mostly表达“通常，大部分”，意思不通顺；表达“最想”，用most like,不是like most, most是much的最高级，much一般不修饰不定式，多用于修饰分词。He was much pleased.28. She remembered several occasions in the past _ she had experienced a similar feeling. (98)A. which B. before C. that D. whenD，从句有自己的主语和宾语，因此不选AC，when引导定语从句在句中作时间状语。B项不合语法，由于主句的时态是一般过去时，从句却是过去完毕时。29. Ive never been to Lhasa, but thats the city _. (1999)A. Id most like to visit B. which I like to visit mostlyC. where I like to visit D. Id like much to visitA，同27。30. Firms that use computers have found that the number of staff _ is needed for quality control can be substantially reduced. (2023)A. whose B. as C. what D. thatD，that在从句中作主语。使用电脑操作的工厂已经发现可以大大减少质检员工的数量。31. Weve just installed two air-conditioners in our apartment, _ should make great differences in our life next summer. (2023)A. which B. what C. that D. theyA，指代前面的整个句子。32. They overcame all the difficulties and completed the project two months ahead of time, _ is something we had not expected. (2023)A. which B. it C. that D. whatA，同上。“他们克服一切困难，提前两个月完毕了工程，这是我们没有料到的事。”名词性从句33. We can assign the task to _ is capable and trustworthy. (1994)A. whomever B. who C. whom D. whoeverD，介词to后面是个宾语从句，从句缺主语；whom和whomever虽然可以接宾语从句，但它们不能在从句中作主语，AC不对；whoever语义比who强烈，更贴切。34. The team can handle whatever _. (1997)A. that needs handlingB. which needs handlingC. it needs handlingD. needs to be handledD，whatever引导的分句作handle的宾语，又在从句中作主语，因此不需要再加任何其他主语，ABC都有多余的主语成分。35. After _ seemed an endless wait, it was her turn to enter the personnel managers office. (99)A. that B. there C. what D. itC，after在句中时介词还是连词？假如是连词，从句中的时态通常为完毕体，所以排除连词的也许性。既然after是介词，那么后面必然是宾语从句，后面的从句缺主语，只有what既引导宾语从句，又在宾语从句中作主语；BD都不能引导宾语从句。A虽然可以引导宾语从句，但不在从句中充当任何语法成分。36. Have you ever been in a situation _ you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him? (2023)A. by which B. that C. in where D. whereB，situation后的从句是对situation作出具体的解释，因此是同位语从句。非限定动词（不定式、动名词、分词）37. _ is not a serious disadvantage in life. (2023)A. To be not tall B. Not to be tall C. Being not tallD. Not being tallDAC不对是由于动词不定式和动名词的否认结构形式应为not to do, not doing；B动词不定式短语作主语通常表达特定的具体的行为，特别是表达将来的或一次性的行为，To skate on real ice is his dream. D动名词作主语表达抽象一般的概念。Skating on real ice is great fun.38. This may have preserved the elephant from being wiped out as well as other animals _ in Africa. (1996)A. hunted B. hunting C. that hunted D. are huntedA，完整结构应为：the elephant from being wiped out as well as other animals (from being) hunted in Africa;“此举也许既能保护非洲的其他动物不被猎杀，又能使大象免受灭族之灾”39. The Clarks havent decided yet which hotel _. (1998)A. to stay B. is to stay C. to stay at D. is for stayingC，stay是不及物动词，必须接介词才干跟宾语。40. In international matches, prestige is so important that the only thing that matters is to avoid _. (1996)A. from being beatenB. being beaten C. beating D. to be beatenB，avoid后接动名词做宾语。被动，因此B。“避免被对手打败”41. He resented _ to wait. He expected the minister _ him at once. (1995)A. to be asked, to see B. being asked, to seeC. to be asked, seeingD. being asked, seeingB，resent后接动名词，expect后接不定式。42. I never regretted _ the offer, for it was not where my interest lay. (1993)A. not to accept B. not having acceptedC. having not accepted D. not acceptingD, regret doing sth.表达“后悔做过某事”，事情已经发生了，常用动名词的一般形式表达动作已经发生了。43. He noticed the helicopter hovering over the field. Then to his astonishment, he saw a rope ladder _ out and three men climbing down it. (1995)A. throwing B. being thrown C. having thrownD. having been thrownB，see可与现在分词或不定式连用，平行结构，后面用了现在分词，这里也用分词；绳梯是被扔出飞机，因此要用被动结构，排除AC；see, watch, hear, feel, notice, observe,等词一般不跟分词的完毕形式连用。44. Professor Johnson is said _ some significant advance in his research in the past year. (99)A. having made B. making C. to have made D. to makeC，主语补足语的动作在谓语动词之前发生，用完毕时。45. AIDS is said _ the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in that region. (2023)A. being B. to be C. to have been D. having beenC, 同上。46. The Minister of Finance is believed _ of imposing new taxes to raise extra revenue. (04)A. that he is thinkingB. to be thinking C. that he is to think D. to thinkB，“人们认为财政部长正在考虑通过征收新税来增长政府的额外税入。”B“正在考虑”47. The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighboring country, _ by the police each time. (1999)A. had been captured B. being always capturedC. only to be captured D. unfortunately capturedC，“这三人多次企图偷偷越过边界进入邻国，不料每次都被警察抓住。”only to表达出乎意料，通常是不快乐的结果。48. This missile is designed so that once _ nothing can be done to retrieve it, (1995)A. fired B. being fired C. they fire D. having firedA，once连词，一旦，被动，所以A。This missile is designed so that once it is fired 49. _ , he can now only watch it on TV at home. (1998)A. Obtaining not a ticket for the match B. Not obtaining a ticket for the matchC. Not having obtained a ticket for the match D. Not obtained a ticket for the matchC，分词短语的动作在主句动作之前发生，用分词的完毕形式。50. Arriving at the bus stop, _ waiting there. (1994)A. a lot of people wereB. he found a lot of peopleC. a lot of people D. people were foundB，空处的逻辑主语与arrive保持一致。51. _ regular training in nursing, she could hardly cope with the work at first. (1994)A. Not received B. Since receiving C. Having received D. Not having receivedD，receive的主语是she，因此应是积极，A不对；receive的动作在主句谓语动词之前发生，所以要用分词的完毕形式，否认应是not having done.52. _B_ at in this way, the present economic situation doesnt seem so gloomy. (2023)A. Looking B. LookedC. Having looked D. To look53. There _ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier. (2023)A. to beB. to have been C. being D. beC前面分句构成独立主格结构。54. _ no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his room. (1996)A. There was B. Since C. Being D. There beingDC中的现在分词短语的逻辑主语不是主句的主语。55. The countrys chief exports are coal, cars and cotton goods, cars _ the most important of these. (1994)A. have been B. are C. being D. are beingCABD都会使后半部分构成完整的句子，但句中用的是逗号，不能是完整句子。56. Agriculture is the countrys chief source of wealth, wheat _ by far the biggest cereal crop. (2023)A. is B. been C. be D. beingD，同上。“农业是这个国家的重要财源，目前小麦是谷物中产量最大的。”57. If not _ with the respect he feels due to him, Jack gets very ill-tempered and grumbles all the time. (2023)A. being treated B. treatedC. be treated D. having been treatedB，If (Jack is) not treated“假如没有受到他觉得应得的尊敬，杰克的脾气就会变得很坏，并且不断地抱怨。”58. Time _, the celebration will be held as scheduled. (2023)A. permit B. permitting C. permitted D. permitsB，“时间允许的话，庆祝活动将按计划进行”。time和permit是积极关系。虚拟语气59. _ for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam. (2023)A. Had it not beenB. Hadnt it been C. Was it not D. Were it notA，前半句是与过去事实相反的推测。If it had not been 倒装60. If you have really been studying English for so long, its about time you _ able to write letters in English. (1999)A. should be B. were C. must be D. areB，its about time that sb. did sth.61. _, Ill marry him all the same. (2023)A. Was he rich or poorB. Whether rich or poorC. were he rich or poorD. Be he rich or poorDwhether he is rich or poor62. If your car _ any attention during the first 12 months, take it to an authorized dealer. (98)A. shall need B. should need C. would need D. will needB，与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，“假如你的车在一年内有任何问题，可送到获得授权的经销商那儿去”63. It is imperative that students _ their term papers on time. (2023)A. hand in B. would hand in C. have to hand in D. handed inA，学生必须准时上交他们的学期论文。64. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he _ able to advise you much better than I can. (2023)A. would be B. will have been C. was D. wereA，if从句是对现在情况的假设。情态动词65. You _ Jim anything about it. It was none of his business. (2023)A. neednt have toldB. neednt tellC. mustnt have toldD. mustnt tellA，neednt have done表达本不必做而做了。没有mustnt have done的形式，但可以说cant have done，表达不大也许。66. He _ the 8:20 bus because he didnt leave home till 8:25. (1994)A. couldnt have caught B. ought to have caughtC. shouldnt have caught D. must not have caughtA，couldnt have done表达不也许做了某事。67. He _ unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful. (1999)A. may have actedB. must have acted C. should act D. would actA，may have done表达过去也许做过某事，B表达一定做过，推测的也许性很大。时态68. How can I ever concentrate if you _ continually _ me with silly questions? (97)A. have interruptedB. had interruptedC. are interruptingD. were interruptingC，现在进行时与always, continually, constantly连用表达某种带有感情色彩，经常发生的动作。本句暗含责备之义。69. Come and see me whenever _. (97)A. you are convenientB. you will be convenientC. it is convenient to youD. it will be convenient to youC，whenvever引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来；convenient一词只能说it is convenient to sb.70. For some time now, world leaders _ out the necessity for agreement on arms reduction. (02)A. had been pointingB. have been pointingC. were pointingD. pointedB，现在完毕进行时表达动作从过去某一时间开始延续到现在，并也许继续。71. Jack _from home for two days now, and I am beginning to worry about his safety. (03)A. has been missingB. has been missedC. had been missingD. was missedA，同上。“杰克离家两天（到现在还没回），我开始紧张他的安全。”72. _ conscious of my moral obligations as a citizen. (05)A. I was and always will be B. I have to be and always will beC. I had been and always will be D. I have been and always will beD， ABC三项前后两个时态不一致，只有D项中现在完毕时与将来时搭配一致。倒装73. So badly _ in the car accident that he had to stay in hospital for a few months. (94)A. did he injure B. injured him C. was he injured D. he was injuredC，倒装，将助动词提到主语前，被动。74. He is not under arrest, _ any restriction on him. (95)A. or the police have placed B. or have the police placedC. nor the police have placed D. nor have the police placedD，AB中的or表达“否则”，与题意不符；nor放在句首要倒装。75. _ both sides accept the agreement _ a lasting peace be established in this region. (04)A. Only if, will B. If only, would C. Should, will D. Unless, wouldA，only if表达“只有。才”，放在句首，句子要倒装；“只有双方都接受和约，永久的和平才有也许建立起来”。if only表达“要是。多好”反意疑问句76. A hibernating animal needs hardly any food all through the winter, _? (92)A. need it B. neednt it C. does it D. doesnt itC，need是实义动词不是情态动词，hardly是否认副词，因此前面的分句是否认句。77. You and I could hardly understand, _? (95)A. could I B. couldnt you C. couldnt we D. could weD，hardly的解释同上。78. When you have finished with that video tape, dont forget to put it in my drawer, _? (97)A. do you B. will you C. dont you D. wont youB，前面句子是第二人称祈使句时，后面要用will (would) you或wont you; 本题中，前面的句子是否认句，因此后面用肯定的。79. Do help yourself to some fruit, _ you? (00)A. cant B. dont C. wouldnt D. wontD，同上。80. She would have been more agreeable if she had changed a little bit, _? (03)A. hadnt she B. hasnt she C. wouldnt she D. didnt sheC，反意疑问句的谓语动词与主句一致。“她假如稍微改变一下就会更受欢迎