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如何读懂、写出正确的句子?一、 句子成分(主谓宾定状补)二、 时态:1. 一般现在时(描述惯常发生的事情)注意:主语若是第三人称单数,动词需要加s/es ; 其他情况下,动词用原型We start our work at 7 oclock every morning. He leaves the work site at 5 oclock every afternoon. He does his work very well. 2. 现在进行时(描述此刻正在发生的事情)注意:进行时需要用 系动词(am, is , are)+ (动词+ing )The workers are working on the work site. The electrician is dealing with an electric problem. 3. 一般过去时(描述过去发生的事情)注:过去时中,动词需要用过去式(即 动词+ed)We signed a contract last week. The project started a month ago. 4. 过去进行时(描述过去发生的事情)注意:系动词(was, were)+ (动词ing)They were planning to go abroad for vocation two months ago. 5. 一般将来时(描述未来将要发生的事情)注:将来时,需要在动词前加will,be going to。We will have a meeting with the supplier. We are going to construct a new bridge in Bengal. The project will be complete soon. 6. 现在完成时(描述到目前为止已经发生的事情)注:完成时的基本结构为 have/has + 动词的过去分词(动词+ed)的形式We have run out of food. We have spent 5000 dollars on the car. The meal has been finished. 7. 过去完成时(描述到过去为止已经发生的事情)注:过去完成时的基本结构为had + 动词的过去分词(动词+ed)的形式The professor had finished his job when his students came to see him. 三、 英语五种基本句型基本句型一: (主谓) The workers arrived. 工人们已经到了。The price of materials goes up. 材料价格上涨。基本句型二: (主系表) 主要用语描述“是” ,侧重于表示人或事物状态、性质.All of us are tired. 大家都很累。The welder is responsible. 这个焊工很负责。The problem is hard to deal with. 这个问题很难解决。Your job is to weld parts together. 你的工作是焊接零件。基本句型三: (主谓宾) You must deal with the problem as soon as possible. 你必须尽快解决问题。They weld the pieces of a broken axle. 他们焊接断了的车轴。I need seven engine-drivers. 我需要7个司机。The workers are carrying materials to our job site. 工人们正在把材料运到我们的工地。You should check the work site every week. 你应该每天检查工地。基本句型四: (主谓间宾直宾) The manager handed me a contract. 经理递给我一份合同。I will give you a job. 我将会给你一份工作。The welder showed me his welding skills. 这个焊工向我展示了他的焊接技术。Tell me when you can finish you job. 告诉我你什么时候能完成你的工作。Show me where the problem is. 指出(给我)问题在哪里。基本句型五: (主谓宾宾补)You should keep the welding materials dry. 你们要保持焊接材料干燥。四、 句式变换(陈述句 疑问句)陈述句语序与中文类似,不过表示时间/地点的放在最后,先讲主谓宾等,再说时间地点。1. 玛丽每周日去书店买一本书。2. 我们上周末在一家著名的药店买了点药。疑问句分为一般疑问句(助动词或者be动词开头),及特殊疑问句(疑问词what, when, where, who, how + 可能需要助动词或者be动词)1. Mary goes to the bookshop to buy newspaper every morning. 提问是不是,有没有? 一般疑问句。借助助动词do does 放句首,后面顺序不动,但动词要还原成原形。 提问其他的部分,都是特殊疑问句,需要加疑问词。 提问marry: who 提问 the newsagents : where does Mary go to 提问every morning: when does 提问 to buy newspaper(目的):why does 提问goes to : what does 2. It takes Mike thirty minutes to go to work by car. 提问动词:是否花了这么久?does it 提问thirty minutes: how long does it 提问 by car: how does3. Bill Gates is the richest man in the world. 提问动词: is 提前 后面照抄。 提问 Bill Gates : who is 翻译练习:(先考虑动词是什么,再想句子中是否要用到助动词)1. 你想不想去逛街? 2. 你想吃买点什么? 3. 你在哪里买的这条裙子? 4. 你玩的开不开心? 5. 他是不是一个开朗的人?
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