HeartFailure

Unit 19 Heart FailureUnit 19 Heart Failure 韩明华韩明华心力衰竭心力衰竭2说教材说教材说教法说教法说学法说学法教学过程教学过程板书设计板书设计3说说 教教 材材 （一）教材的地位与作用（一）教材的地位与作用 本节课是雷慧主编的本节课是雷慧主编的护理英语护理英语第二部分内外科护理中的第二部分内外科护理中的第第19单元。单元。本书精心编写了本书精心编写了61篇医护专业英语课文，包括基础护理、内篇医护专业英语课文，包括基础护理、内外科护理、母婴护理、儿科护理、老年科护理、精神科护理外科护理、母婴护理、儿科护理、老年科护理、精神科护理及药物学护理等及药物学护理等7个部分个部分。所选课文专业性强，可作为英护专业学生的医学英语教材所选课文专业性强，可作为英护专业学生的医学英语教材 医护英文表达方式及词汇约医护英文表达方式及词汇约4000余条余条 缺点：没有构词法缺点：没有构词法 4说说 教教 材材 （一）教材的地位与作用（一）教材的地位与作用 构词法构词法(word structure of medical terminology)1.医学术语的构词规律医学术语的构词规律 prefix(前缀前缀)suffix(后缀后缀)2.基本构成成分基本构成成分 root(词根词根)combining vowel(连接元音连接元音)参考教材：参考教材：THE LANGUAGE OF MEDICINEW.B.Saunders Company,6th Edition 5说说 教教 材材 （二）教学目标与要求二）教学目标与要求知识目标知识目标：掌握课文中出现的医学短语及常用表达方式掌握课文中出现的医学短语及常用表达方式掌握词汇中出现的前缀、后缀和词根的意义掌握词汇中出现的前缀、后缀和词根的意义理解专业英语和公共英语的区别理解专业英语和公共英语的区别能力目标能力目标：学会用构词法分解比较长的医学单词，并理解其意义学会用构词法分解比较长的医学单词，并理解其意义训练学生阅读医护专业文章的能力训练学生阅读医护专业文章的能力思想目标：思想目标：培养学生学习医护英语的兴趣，树立成为涉外护理人才的信培养学生学习医护英语的兴趣，树立成为涉外护理人才的信心心。6说说 教教 材材 （三）教学重点与难点（三）教学重点与难点教学重点教学重点：词汇中的医学术语词汇中的医学术语课文中医护英语的表达方式、短语课文中医护英语的表达方式、短语教学难点教学难点：用构词法分析课文中的医学术语用构词法分析课文中的医学术语7说说 教教 法法确定依据：确定依据：在教学中，坚持以教师为主导，学生为中心，充分发挥学生的在教学中，坚持以教师为主导，学生为中心，充分发挥学生的主体作用，培养学生独立、自主获取知识的能力。让学生不仅主体作用，培养学生独立、自主获取知识的能力。让学生不仅要要“学会学会”，更要，更要“会学会学”。教学方法：教学方法：以讲授为主，辅以启发、讨论和练习的方式，培养学生分析医以讲授为主，辅以启发、讨论和练习的方式，培养学生分析医学术语结构及意义的能力。学术语结构及意义的能力。8说说 学学 法法学情分析学情分析：055年英语提高班学生已掌握临床护理各科的知识，公共英语基年英语提高班学生已掌握临床护理各科的知识，公共英语基础较好，加之已经学过一个学期的医护英语，理解接受能力比础较好，加之已经学过一个学期的医护英语，理解接受能力比较强，因而在现阶段教学过程中基本使用全英文教学较强，因而在现阶段教学过程中基本使用全英文教学 英语教学所占的比重取决于学生的接受能力英语教学所占的比重取决于学生的接受能力9说说 学学 法法学习方法：学习方法：教会学生用构词法分析理解医学术语的方法，授之以渔，是扩教会学生用构词法分析理解医学术语的方法，授之以渔，是扩充词汇量的关键充词汇量的关键 精讲点拨，指导学生将已经学过的心力衰竭的知识（病因、临精讲点拨，指导学生将已经学过的心力衰竭的知识（病因、临床表现、治疗、护理等）与本课联系，理解掌握医护英语的表床表现、治疗、护理等）与本课联系，理解掌握医护英语的表达方式达方式 巩固练习、讨论思考、对比归纳巩固练习、讨论思考、对比归纳10（一）复习提问（一）复习提问（5 分钟）（二）导入新课（二）导入新课（2 分钟）（三）讲授新课（三）讲授新课（68分钟）（四）教学总结（四）教学总结（5 分钟）（五）课堂练习（五）课堂练习（8 分钟）（六）布置作业（六）布置作业（2 分钟）教学过程教学过程11 Dictation of the vocabulary of unit 18:Pain Questions：What is pain described?How to relieve pains？(一一)复习提问复习提问12 Today we will learn Unit 19 Heart Failure,the vocabulary and the article which introduces the definition,causes,signs and symptoms,treatment and nursing care of this disease.（二）导入新课（二）导入新课13 Step 1:Study the Vocabulary Read the vocabulary three times.Give the students 3 minutes to get familiar with the pronunciation;Ask 2 students to read the new words and correct the wrong pronunciation.领读单词，帮助学生掌握单词的正确发音 Analyze the structure of medical terms and give examples.有重点地分析讲解医学单词并举例说明 （三）讲授新课（三）讲授新课14For example:edema 水肿edema：swellingpulmonary edema 肺水肿angioneurotic edema 血管神经性水肿dependent edema 下垂部位水肿cardiac edema 心源性水肿nephrotic edema肾病性水肿The boy who was suspected with acute glomerulonephritis had severe edema all over the body.那名怀疑患有急性肾小球肾炎的患儿全身高度水肿。（三）讲授新课（三）讲授新课15Example：hypothyroidism 甲状腺功能减退1.Analyze the word structure hypo/thyroid/ism prefix root suffix deficient liver process The prefix hypo means deficient,below,less than normal.The root thyroid means thyroid gland.The suffix ism means process.The entire word means process of deficient activity of the thyroid gland.（三）讲授新课（三）讲授新课162.More examples containing the prefix:hypo-hypo/tension:blood pressure is less than normalhypo/derm/ic:relating to the layer below the skinhypo/glyc/emia:low level of glucose in the bloodhypo/calc/emia:low level of calcium in the bloodhypo/vol/emia:deficient blood volumehypo/thermia:unusually low body temperature （三）讲授新课（三）讲授新课173.The opposite of hypo-:hyper-:excessive,above,more than normalhyper/thyroid/ism:the process of excessive activity of the thyroid.hyper/tension:blood pressure being more than normalhyper/glyc/emia:high level of glucose in the blood hyper/calc/emia:excessive blood calciumhyper/thermia:unusually high body temperaturehyper/sensitivity:the condition of being excessively sensitive（三）讲授新课（三）讲授新课184.More examples containing the root:thyroidhyper/para/thyroid/ism:process of excessive activity of the parathyroid gland.hypo/para/thyroid/ism:process of deficient activity of the thyroid gland.thyroid/ectomy:excision of the thyroidthyroiditis:inflammation of the thyroidthyroid/o/tomy:opening of the thyroid （三）讲授新课（三）讲授新课195.Medical phrases containing hypothyroidism：primary hypothyroidism 原发性甲减senile hypothyroidism 老年人甲状腺功能减退congenital hypothyroidism先天性甲减Hypothyroidism is completely treatable in many patients simply by taking a small pill of thyroxine once a day.很多患者每天服用一次甲状腺素片就可完全控制甲减。（三）讲授新课（三）讲授新课20Step 2:Study the article1.Introduce the whole article:Today we will learn the article about:Heart FailurePart 1(Paragraph 1)is about the definition and classification of heart failure.Part 2(Paragraph 2)is about the causes of heart failure.Part 3(Paragraph 3-5)tells the clinical manifestations Part 4(Paragraph 6)describes the prevention of heart failure.（三）讲授新课（三）讲授新课212.Read and explain the text by paragraphRead each paragraph,ask students to outline the meaning and answer some related questions to see if they understand the text.Explain sentences and medical terms in the text.（三）讲授新课（三）讲授新课22 Paragraph one:Ask one student to read this paragraph,then ask another student to answer the question:What is heart failure?Heart failure is a general term to describe a state in which the heart is no longer able to pump an adequate supply of blood or cardiac output to meet the demands of the body when there is an adequate venous return.（三）讲授新课（三）讲授新课23 Right-sided failure is due to a weakness of the right ventricle and subsequent inability to circulate blood from the superior and inferior vena cava to the lungs.Venous blood backs up into the systemic circulation and results in dependent edema.右心衰竭多继发于右心室的病变，右心室不能将上下腔静脉的血液排至肺循环，导致体循环淤血，出现下垂水肿。正确理解并翻译句子，熟悉其专业性的表达方式 Superior and inferior vena cava上下腔静脉 Systemic circulation 体循环 Dependent edema 下垂部位水肿（三）讲授新课（三）讲授新课24Questions about the text:What are the primary causes of heart failure?What are the precipitating causes of heart failure?What are clinical manifestations of left ventricular failure?What are clinical manifestations of right ventricular failure?How to prevent heart failure?What is heart failure?（三）讲授新课（三）讲授新课25Important medical phrases in the text:Pulmonary venous pressure肺静脉压 Exertional dyspnea劳力性呼吸困难 Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea夜间阵发性呼吸困难 Blood-tinged frothy sputum粉红色泡沫样痰 Decreased tissue perfusion组织灌注量不足 Displacement of the apical impulse to the left 心尖搏动左移 increased intra-abdominal pressure 腹内压增高 jugular vein distention颈静脉怒张（三）讲授新课（三）讲授新课26 Medical terms in the vocabulary Roots,prefixes and suffixes in this article Important medical phrases and sentences（四）教学总结（四）教学总结27Roots,prefixes and suffixes in this articleRoots:hepat(o)-liver my(o)-muscle thyr(o)-,thyroid(o)-thyroid gland Prefixes:hypo-less than normal,below,deficienthyper-excessive,above,more than normala-,an-no,not,without,lack ofSuffixes:-itis inflammation -megaly enlargement-ism process（四）教学总结（四）教学总结28Analyze the word structure of the following terms:1.Hepatogastrostomy 3.Hepatoduodenostomy2.Hyperparathyroidism 4.electrocardiogram Fill in the blanks1._is a cardinal manifestation of left ventricular failure.2.Dyspnea at rest in the recumbent position is known as _.3.Volume overload occurs with aortic or _.（五）课堂练习（五）课堂练习29 Recite the medical terms and phrases in the text Recite the roots,prefixes and suffixes Read the article fluently Translate the second paragraph into Chinese Discussion:How do nurses distinguish left heart failure from right heart failure?（六）布置作业（六）布置作业30板书设计 Unit 19 Heart Failure1.hypothyroidism:deficient activity of thyroid Roots:my(o)-2.hepatomegaly:enlargement of the liver.thyroid(o)-3.hypertension:elevation of blood pressure hepat(o)-4.myocarditis:inflammation of heart muscle Prefixes:a-,an-5.anemia:lack of enough blood hypo-6.edema:swelling hyper-7.congestion:being congested Suffixes:-megaly;-ism31