资源描述
一、主语,1.是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。 2.常用名词或相当于名词的词（动词不定时或动名词）、代词、数词和主语从句充当。 They are students. The sun rises in the east. His being late upset me. To see is to believe. What I want now is a book about English history,二、谓语,1. 说明主语所做的动作，一般放 在主语的后面 2. 常用表示动作的动词或动词词组充当。 We study English. He comes to school upset. You may go now.,三、表语,位于表示状态的系动词如be,become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等之后,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。 They are students. He is asleep. To see is to believe. The leaves turn yellow. I grew crazy about everything to do with nature.,四、宾语,1. 是动作行为的对象或承受者,放在及物动词或介词之后 2. 常用名词或相当于名词的词（动词不定时或动名词）、代词和数词当。 I like China. We study English. I play with him.,五、定语,修饰限定名词或代词，说明该名词或代词的状态、品质、数量等。可以是单个的词，也可以是短语包括现在分词、过去分词、动词不定时、介词短语。 定语从句也是一种定语。 The little boy needs a blue pen.(形容词) Two boys need two pens. （数词） His name is Tom.（所有格）, The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours.（介词短语做后置定语） The boy sitting under the tree is Tom.（分词短语做后置定语） The meeting to be held tomorrow is called off because of the bad weather. （动词不定时做后置定语） Those who ruled England first spoke Spanish and later French.从句做后置定语,六、宾语补足语,补充说明宾语的状态等。 We made him monitor. He made himself known by acting strangely. Please keep the window open to let in fresh air.,七、 状语,1. 用来修饰动词、形容词和副词等的，表示事情发生的时间、地点、原因、结果、程度等等 2. 修饰动词时，位置在该动词前后均可；修饰形容词或副词，要放在它们之前。 He runs quickly. She is very beautiful. I will go there tomorrow. He works in this factory.,（二）练习,说出下列划线部分单词或词组在句子 中各充当什么成分,I dont like the picture on the wall. My brother hasnt done his homework.,主,谓语,宾语,定语,主,定语,宾语,谓语,It is a great pleasure to talk with you . He wrote carefully some letters to his friends.,主语,谓语,表语,不定式做主语,状语,定语,状语,At first the English spoken in England between about AD450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today.,主语,谓语,表语,状语,分词短语做后置定语,分词短语做定语,状语,分词做后置定语,状语,This is because in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.,主语,谓语,后面整句话做表语,谓语,主语,定语,状语,宾语,状语,Notice:,句子结构最要紧的是先找出句子的主干部分，即主、谓、宾， 然后看哪些是定语（后置定语、定语从句）， 哪些是状语等。只有搞清楚句子的结构，才能看懂长句、难句，也才能写出通顺的句子。 同学们要在平时的学习中，碰到长句、难句的时候，学会分析句子成分。,二、句子的分类,（一）简单句：句子里只有一个主谓结构，且各个 成分都只由单词或短语构成。共有5种结构。,（二）并列句：用并列连词把两个或两个以上的 简单句连接起来的句子。并列连词有and,but,or等。,He is a student and I am a teacher. He likes football, but I like basketball.,（三）复合句：一个句子里又包含一个或多个句子充当成分的句子。大句子叫主句，充当成分、附属于大句子的句子叫从句。如：,I believe that you are right. 2. I dont know where he lives. 3. What I want is a book. 4. The boy who is sitting under the tree is Tom,宾语从句,宾语从句,主语从句,定语从句,
展开阅读全文