考研英语一真题及参考答案(2)

2021考研英语一真题及参考答案 SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:,B,corDontheANSwERSHEET.couldahugadaykeepthedoctoraway?Theanswermaybearesounding“yes!“1helpingyoufeelcloseand2topeopleyoucareabout,awarmembracemightevenhelpyou4gettingsickthiswinter.Inarecentstudy5over400healthadults,researchersfromcarnegiemellonUniversityinPennsylvaniaexaminedtheeffectsofperceivedsocialsupportandthereceiptofhugs6theparticipantsacold,andtheresearchers9thatthestress-,theoneswhofeltgreatersocialsupportandreceivedmorefrequenthugshadlesssevere12.“Huggingprotectspeoplewhoareunderstressfromthe13riskforcoldsthatsusually14withstress,“notesSheldoncohen,“isamarkerofintimacyandhelps15thefeelingthatothersaretheretohelp16difficulty.“Someexperts17thestress-reducing,health-relatedbenefitsofhuggingtothereleaseofoxytocin,oftencalled“thebondinghormone“18itpromotesattachmentinrelationships,whereit20mood,behaviorandphysiology.1.AUnlikeBBesidescDespiteDThroughout答案BBesides2.AconnectedBrestrictedcequalDinferior答案Aconnected3.AchoiceBviewclessonDhost答案Dhost4.ArecallBforgetcavoidDkeep答案cavoid5.AcollectingBinvolvingcguidingDaffecting答案Binvolving6.AofBincatDon答案Don7.AdevotedBexposedclostDattracted答案Bexposed8.AacrossBalongcdownDout答案cdown9.AcalculatedBdeniedcdoubtedDimagined答案Acalculated10.AservedBrequiredcrestoredDexplained答案Dexplained11.AEvenBStillcRatherDThus答案AEven12.AdefeatsBsymptomsctestsDerrors答案Bsymptoms13.AminimizedBhighlightedccontrolledDincreased答案Dincreased14.AequippedBassociatedcpresentedDcompared答案Bassociated15.AassessBmoderatecgenerateDrecord答案cgenerate16.AinthefaceofBintheformofcinthewayofDinthenameof答案Ainthefaceof17.AtransferBcommitcattributeDreturn答案cattribute18.AbecauseBunlesscthoughDuntil答案Abecause19.AemergesBvanishescremainsDdecreases答案cremains20.AexperiencesBcombinescjustifiesDinfluences答案DinfluencesText1Firsttwohours,nowthreehoursthisishowfarinadvanceauthoritiesarerecommendingpeopleshowuptocatchadomesticflight,Americansarewillingtoto,whichterroristsmayhavedownedoverthemediterraneanSea,:wastedtimeisadragonAmericanseconomicandprivatelives,nottomentioninfuriating.Lastyear,theTransportationSecurityAdministrationfoundinasecretcheckthatundercoverinvestigatorswereabletosneakweaponsbothfakeandreal,combinedwithariseinairlinetravelduetotheimprovingeconomyandlowoilprices,haveresultedinlongwaitsatmajorairportssuchaschicagosobutthelinesareobvious.Partoftheissueisthatthegovernmentdidnotanticipatethesteepincreaseinairlinetravel,nbagstoavoidchecked-baggagefees,thoughtheairlinesstronglydisputethis.ThereisonesteptheTSAcouldtakethatwouldnotrequireremodelingairportsorrushingtohire:,Ithasnotgottenanywhereclosetothat,andonebigreasonisstickershock:Passengersmustpay$,thispricetaghasbeenPrecheck,byhelpingtofinancePrecheckenrollmentortocutcostsinotherways.TheTSAcannotcontinuedivertingresourcesintounderusedPrecAexplainAmericanstoleranceofcurrentsecuritychecks.Bstresstheurgencytostrengthensecurityworldwide.cDemphasizetheimportanceofprivacyprotection.?ANewrestrictionsoncarry-onbags.BThedecliningefficiencyoftheTSA.cAnincreaseinthenumberoftravellers.DFrequentunexpectedsecretchecks.“expedited”isclosetinmeaningtoAquieter.Bcheaper.cwider.Dfaster.Aadramaticreductionofitsscale.Bitswrongly-directedimplementation.cthegovernmentsreluctancetobackit.Danunreasonablepriceforenrollment.?ALessScreeningformoreSafetyBPrecheckaBelatedSolutioncGettingStuckinSecurityLinesDUnderusedPrecheckLanes答案：21-25AcDDcText2“TheancientHawaiianswereastronomers,”wroteQueenLiliuokalani,Hawaiislastreigningmonarch,agiantobservatorythatpromisestorevolutionizehumanitysviewofthecosmos.AtissueistheTmTsplannedlocationonmaunakea,adormantvolcanoworshipedbysomeHawaiiansasthepiko,maunakeaspeakrisesabovethebulkofourplanetsdenseatmosphere,whereconditionsallowtelescopestoobtainimagesofunsurpassedclarity.dtheirpresenceasdisrespectfarsacredlandandapainfulreminderoftheoccupationofwhatwasonceasovereignnation.,sfragileecosystemsoritsholinesstotheislands;itisalivingcultureundergoingarenaissancetoday.yetsciencehasaculturalhistory,too,arlyPolynesianstoHawaiintthereignoretherealitythatastronomyandHawaiianculturebothseektoanswerbigquestionsaboutwhoweare,asifansweringaprimalcallingtoknowourselvesandourtrueancestralhomes.Tsvisibili,oldoneswillberemoeirculturalheritageandtostudythestars.sremarkinParagraph1indicatesAherconservativeviewonthehistoricalroleofastronomy.BtheimportanceofastronomyinancientHawaiiansociety.ctheregrettabledeclineofastronomyinancienttimes.Dherappreciationofstarwatchersfeatsinhertime.Aitsgeographicalfeatures.Bitsprotectivesurroundings.citsreligiousimplications.Ditsexistinginfrastructure.Aitmayriskruiningtheirintellectuallife.Bitremindsthemofahumiliatinghistory.ctheirculturewillloseachanceofrevival.Dtheyfearlosingcontrolofmaunakea.sastronomyAisfulfillingthedreamsofancientHawaiians.BhelpsspreadHawaiiancultureacrosstheworld.cmayuncovertheoriginofHawaiianculture.DwilleventuallysoftenHawaiianshostility.sattitudetowardchoosingmaunakeaastheTmTsiteisoneofAseverecriticism.Bpassiveacceptance.cslighthesitancy.Dfullapproval.答案：26-30DABccText3sGDPmeasures“everythingexceptthatwhichmakeslifeworthwhile.”withBritainvotingtoleavetheEuropeanUnion,andGDPalreadypredictedtoslowasaresult,itisnowatimelymomenttoassesswhathewasreferringto.Thequestio,theUksGDPhasbeentheenvyofthewesternworld,thenwhydidover17millionpeoplevoteforBrexit,despitethewarningsaboutwhatitcoulddototheircountryseconomicprospects?Arecentannualstudyofcountriesandtheira,theUkisoneofthepoorestperformersinensuringthateco,over40differentsetsofcriteriafromhealth,educationandcivilsocietyengagementhavebeenmeasuredtogetamoreroundedassessmentofhowcountriesareperforming.whileallofthesecountriesfacetheirownchallenges,therehasbeenabuddingeconomicrecoverysincethe2021globalcrash,butinkeyindicatorsinareassuchashealthandeducation,ssmeasuresincludingcivilsociety,incomeequalityandenvironment.Thisisalessonthatrichcountriescanlearn:whenGDPisnolongerregardedasthesolemeasureofacountryssuccess,theworldlooksverydifferent.SowhatkennedywasreferringtowasthatwhileGDPhasbeenthemostcommonmethodformeasuringtheeconomicactivityofnations,asameasure,cationoutcomesallthingsthatcontributetoapersonssenseofwell-being.ThesharphittogrowthpredictedaroundtheworldandintheUkcouldleadtoadecsimplyworryingaboutGDPfigurescouldavoidtheforecasteddoomandmayevenseeprogress.ApraisedtheUkforitsGDP.BidentifiedGDPwithhappiness.cmisinterpretedtheroleofGDP.DhadalowopinionofGDP.AtheUkisreluctanttoremolditseconomicpattern.BtheUkwillcontributelesstotheworldeconomy.cGDPasthemeasureofsuccessiswidelydefiedintheUk.DpolicymakersintheUkarepayinglessattentiontoGDP.?AItexcludesGDPasanindicator.BItissponsoredby163countries.cItscriteriaarequestionable.DItsresultsareenlightening.,theauthorsuggeststhatAtheUkispreparingforaneconomicboom.BhighGDPforeshadowsaneconomicdecline.citisessentialtoconsiderfactorsbeyondGDP.Ditrequirescautiontohandleeconomicissues.?AHighGDPButInadequatewell-being,aUklessonBGDPfigures,awindowonGlobalEconomicHealthc,aTerminatorofGDPDBrexit,theUksGatewaytowell-being答案：31-35DcDcAText4Inarareunanimousruling,theUSSupremecourthasoverturnedthecorruptionconvictionofaformerVirginiagovernor,whichincludedacceptinggiftssuchasaRolexwatchandaFerrariAutomobilefromacompanyseekingaccesstogovernment.Thehighcourtstrailfailedtotellajurythatitmustlookonlyathis“officialacts,”ortheformergovernorsdecisionson“specific”and“unsettled”issuesrelatedtohisduties.merelyhelpingagift-givergainaccesstootherofficials,unlessdonewithclearintenttopressurethoseofficials,isnotcorruption,thejusticesfound.Thecourtdidsuggestthatacceptingfavorsinreturnforopeningdoorsis“distasteful”and“nasty.”Butunderanti-briberylaws,proofmustbemadeofconcretebenefits,makingaphonecall,orhostinganeventisnotan“officialact.”Thecourtsrproblemswithoutfearofprosecutionofbribery.“Thebasiccompactunderlyingrepresentativegovernment,”wrotechiefjusticejohnRobertsforthecourt,“assumesthatpublicofficialswillhearfromtheirconstituentsandactontheirconcerns.”Buttherulingreinforcestheneedforcitizensandtheirelectedrepresentatives,notthecourts,rinarrangingmeetingssimplybecrency,suchasrecordsofofficialmeetings,rulesonlobbying,andinformationabouteachelectedleaderssourceofwealth.,abasicpremiseofdemocraticsocietyividual.Thecourtsrulingisastepforwardinthestruggleagainstbothcorruptionandofficialfavoritism.AavoideddefiningtheextentofmcDonnellsduties.BmadenocompromiseinconvictingmcDonnell.cwascontemptuousofmcDonnellsconduct.DrefusedtocommentonmcDonnellsethics.,anofficialactisdeemedcorruptiveonlyifitinvolvesAconcretereturnsforgift-givers.Bsizablegainsintheformofgifts.cleakingsecretsintentionally.Dbreakingcontractsofficially.srulingisdontheassumptionthatpublicofficialsareAallowedtofocusontheconcernsoftheirsupporters.Bqualifiedtodealindependentlywithbureaucraticissues.cjustifiedinaddressingtheneedsoftheirconstituents.Dexemptfromconvictiononthechargeoffavoritism.Aawakentheconscienceofofficials.Bguaranteefairplayinofficialaccess.callowforcertainkindsoflobbying.Dinspirehopesinaveragepeople.sattitudetowardthecourtsrulingisAsarcastic.Btolerant.cskeptical.Dsupportive.答案：36-40cBABDPartcDirections:ReadthefollowiThegrowthoftheuseofEnglishastheworldsprimarylanguageforinternationalcommunicationhasobviouslybeencontinuingforseveraldecades.ButevenasthenumberofEnglishspeakersexpandsfurthertherearesignsthattheglobalpredominanceofthelanguagemayfadewithintheforeseeablefuture.complexinternational,economic,technologicalandculturechangecouldstarttodiminishtheleadingpositionofEnglishasthelanguageoftheworldmarket,andUkinterestswhichenjoyadvantavidGraddolHisanalysisshouldthereforeendanyself-contentednessamongthosewhomaybelievethattheglobalpositionofEnglishissostablethattheyounggenerationoftheUnitedkingdomdonotneedadditionallanguagecapabilities.DavidGraddolconcludesthatmonoglotEnglishgraduatesfaceableakeconomicfutureasqualifiedmultilingualyoungstersfromothercountriesareprovingtohaveacompetitiveadvanta,manycountriesareintroducingEnglishintotheprimary-schoolcurriculumbutBritishschoolchildrenandstudentsdonotappeartobegaininggreaterencouragementtoachievefluencyinotherlanguages.Iflefttothemselves,suchtrendswilldiminishtherelativestrengthoftheEnglishlanguageininternationaleducationmarketsasthedemandforeducationalresourcesinlanguages,suchasSpanish,Arabicormandaringrowsandinternationalbusinessprocessoutsourcinginotherlanguagesuchasjapanese,FrenchandGerman,spreads.ThechangesidentifiedbyDavidGraddolallpresentclearandmajorchallengestoUksprovidersofEnglishlanguageteach&ploresearnupto&,therecentslowdowninthenumberofinternationalstudentsstudyinginthemainEnglish-speakingcountriesislikelytocontinue,especiallyiftherearenoeffectivestrategicpoliciestopreventsuchslippage.Theanticipationofpossibleshiftsindemandprovidedbythisstudyissignificant:Itgivesabasistoallorganizationwh,thosewhowishtoinfluencethefuturemustprepareforit.答案不过即使当下英语使用者的人群还在深入扩大，有迹象表明：在可预见的未来，英语可能会逐步失去其全球主导地位。所以，对于那些认为英语的国际地位无懈可击、甚至以为她们的年青后辈们不需要学习其它语言的人而言，她的分析可能会给她们的骄傲自大画上一个句号。众多国家正在将英语引进小学课程，不过，毫不夸张地说，英国学童和学生似乎没有受到更多的激励去学会流利地使用其它语言。大卫葛拉尔多所发觉的改变给教授她国人士英语的英国机构和更宽广的教育市场带来了显而易见的巨大挑战。这给全部致力于推广英语学习和使用的机构提供了一个制订计划的依据，让我们能够应对未来完全不一样的操作环境里出现的多种可能性。2021年考研英语一小作文点评及今年英语一的小作文不出预料，再一次考查到了推荐信。在英语一的考试当中，推荐信已经考查过两年了。比如我们英语一在2021年就考查过向你的好友推荐一部电影。详细题目要求是writealettertoafriendofyoursto1)recommendoneofyourfavoritemoviesand;2)年考察的是现在年的作文题目要求给新来的澳大利亚国籍教授jamescook介绍你城市的touristattraction。所以，考生不用惊慌只要把2021年或2021年的小作文，关键是推荐原因部分，稍作修改即可成文。这就启发我们2021届的同学们要高度重视历年真题，因为考过的话题或是书信类型会重复考查。那么今年的作文详细该怎样来写呢?今年考题的Direction要求向新来的jamescook教授推荐旅游景点。依据题目标要求，我们能够判定本文为公务信函，语域为正式语域，即不能出现缩写、省略问句和和口语表示。称呼：,注意称呼中，Prof后面的句点不能丢，称呼最终的逗号号不可丢，也不能写成冒号。当然假如称呼不写Prof.写成也是能够的。正文第一段：写作内容需涵盖两点：1：欢迎cook教授来中国;2：写信目标，表明推荐。用到了这么的表示,soImwritingthislettertorecommendtoyouoneofmyfavoritescenicspot-Harbin,whichisanoldnortherncityofchina.第二段：写作内容为推荐原因。能够从三个角度来考虑：美景、美食和热情的大家。用到了这么的表示：,thereareanamountofbeautifulscenicspots,suchastheIceandSnowkingdominwinter,theSunisland,thepeopleofHarbinareoverwhelminglyhospitableandenthusiastic,whichisfamousalloverchina.第三段：再次强调写信目标。owingtothereasonsdiscussedabove,Iwon最终，表示祝福Bestwishesforyou!落款：yourssincerely,尤其提醒sincerely后面逗号不能丢;署名：Liming尤其注意ming后面一定不能出现句点。落款和前面左、右对齐全部能够。参考范文：,soImwritingthislettertorecommendtoyouoneofmyfavoritescenicspotHarbin,whichisanoldnortherncityofchina.,thereareanamountofbeautifulscenicspots,suchastheIceandSnowkingdominwinter,theSunisland,thepeopleofHarbinareoverwhelminglyhospitableandenthusiastic,whichisfamousalloverchina.owingtothereasonsdiscussedabove,Iwon!yourssincerely,Liming2021考研英语大作文1)describethepicturesbriefly.2)interpretthemeaning,and3)giveyourcomments.youshouldwriteneatlyontheANSwERSHEET.左边一副图一个男孩放了好多书，没有读;右边一个男孩正在读书，针对本题，根据陈正康老师教的方法，三段式构思：1.简明描述-一人在空想，一人在行动!2.分析引申义-行动的主要性3.看法提议-提倡行动,therearealotofbooksbesidesaboy,buthedoesn，,!Apparently,theimplicationofthegivenpi,:“Thejourneyofathousandmilesstartswithasinglestep.”Themoreactionswetake,themorelikelywearetoaccumulateexperience,Iwouldliketotakeafamousfableasacaseinpoint:theFoolisholdmanwhodreamedofremovingthemountaininfrontofhisgatebeganwithcarryingawaysmallstonesandfinallyrealizedhisdream.consequently,Ibelieve,ontheonehand,ourgovernmentandthemedi,inourdailylife,morethanjustthinkingofsomething,canweachieveourobjectivesandrealizeourdream.