现在完成时态的讲解

现在完成时态专题一翻译下列句子1.今天天气是晴朗的。_2我现在正在学习数学_3他昨天7点半去学校。_4.他们通常放学后打篮球。_1.一般现在时表示经常发生的事情、存在的动作或状态，内心活动感情、客观真理等。2.现在进行时表示现在正在发生、进行的动作，还可以表示说话人的情感，如赞许、批评和近期按计划或安排要发生的动作等。3.一般过去式表示过去发生的事情或存在的状态、过去经常发生的事情。4.现在完成时表示表示截止现在业已完成的动作、发生在过去而对现在产生影响、带来结果的动作、过去发生的动作持续到现在，并可能还要延续下去的动作。5.过去完成时表示在过去某时之前已经完成的动作，一直持续到过去某时动作。6.一般将来时表示将来某个时刻进行的动作，说话人的意图、打算或某种可能性、按计划要发生的动作或命令他人做某事。英语动词有五种基本形式，即动词原形、第三人称单数（现在时）、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。动词的基本形式的变法形式动词原形构成不做任何改变的例如Makestudyeat第三人称单数sxzochsh动词过去式/过去分词现在分词初中常见的六种时态初中常见的六种时态一般现在时态谓语动词构成（以make为例）Make/makes一般过去时态一般将来时态现在进行时态过去进行时态现在完成时态用法：1.表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在产生的影响或结果。如：IhavealreadywatchedtheTVplay.我已经看过这部电视剧了。2.从过去开始延续到现在的状态。如：TheSmithshavebeentherefor15years.史密斯一家在那儿已经住了15年了。时间标志词already,yet,since,for,sofar等。现在完成时表示动作从过去某个时候开始一直持续到现在，而与一段时间连用时应注意句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，非延续性动词不可以和一段时间连用。常见的可根据时间状语确定时态的用法如下：(1)atpresent,atthemoment,thesedays,look,listen等标志着现在进行时；(2)justnow,thismorning,theotherday,usedto等标志着一般过去时；(3)at1:00lastnight,atthatmoment,thistimeyesterday等标志着过去进行时；(4)tomorrow,fromnowon,soon,inthefuture，next等标志着一般将来时；(5)already,foronlyafewdays，sincethen，yet等标志着现在完成时；(6)除了上面这些时间状语提示时态外，某些副词也有这种作用，如：often，always，usually，never，seldom等表示频率的副词应用一般现在时或一般过去时。WhendidyoustartstudyingEnglish?HowlonghaveyoubeenstudyingEnglish1.肯定句现在完成时的肯定句式是“have（has）过去分词”。注意：该句式中的have或has是助动词，has用于第三人称单数，其它人称一律用have。eg.Hehaseatensupper.They_(eat)supper.(他们已经吃过晚餐了)2.疑问句现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词have或has提到主语之前。(回答用“Yes，-have/has“No，-havent/hasnt”）eg.Hasheeatensupper?肯定作答：_否定作答：_(eat)supper.(他们已经吃过晚餐了吗)作答_3.否定句：现在完成时的否定句式是“havent/hasnt过去分词”eg.Hehasnteatensupper.They_(eat)supper.(他们还没有吃过晚餐)现在完成时态的分类用法一、1。表过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,（强调结果现在还存在）例如1Ihavejustcleanedmyclothes.我刚洗过衣服。（“洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”）2Ihavejusthadmybreakfast.(对现在的影响：不饿)3Hashehadhisbreakfast?Yes,hehas.4Whendidhehavehisbreakfast?Hehadbreakfastat6:00.理解一般过去时态和现在完成时态的区别1.Myfatherboughtmanybooksformeyesterday.Now,Ihavealottoreadbecause_2.Isawthisfilmlastweek.Now,IknowthisfilmbecauseI_.3.Ididmyhomeworkyesterday.Now,IcangiveittotheteacherbecauseI_,通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词just(谓语动词之前)（刚刚）already（已经(肯定句)）before,yet（一般疑问(句末）：已经；否定句：还）never,ever(疑问句)twicerecently(近来）等状语连用1Tomhasalreadyfinishedhishomework.Tomhasntfinishedhishomeworkyet.2Ihavejusthadmylunch.Shehasntseenyoubefore.3Haveyouevereatenfish?Ihavenevereatenfish4Ihaveneverheardofthatbefore.5Haveyoueverriddenahorse?6Shehasalreadyfinishedthework.7Haveyoumilkedthecowyet?Yes,Ihavedonethatalready.8Ivejustfinishedmyhomework.9Hehasnotcomeyet.用正确的词填空。1.I_(have)lunchalready.2.thetrain_(arrive)yet?3.Tom_never_(be)toChina.4.Thetwin_just_(see)myfather.5.Thetwins_(see)myfatherjustnow.6._youever_(ride)ahorse?Never.7.A:_you_(clean)theroom?B:Yes,we_(do)thatalready.A:When_you_(do)it?B:We_(do)itanhourago.8._he_(see)thisfilmyet?No.9When_he_(see)it?He_ittomorrow.9.Howmanytimes_you_(come)here?Once.1你已经问过这个问题两边了，别再烦我了。2我能借你的字典用一下吗？对不起，已经借给tom了。3你以前见过她吗？不，从来没有过。4你曾经去过北京吗？是的我去过那儿三次。5你已经看完那本小说了吗？是的，我已经把它还给图书馆了。用法二：表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，也可以表示一直持续到现在并可能还将持续下去。A动词使用延续性动词。B和表时间段的时间状语连用。s常与for或since引导的时间连用sofar,upto/tillnow,inthelast/past+一段时间，allonelife,bynow,thesedays,thesedays、fortwoyears、since1984、sincehecamehere1Ihaventseenherthesedays.2ShehaslearntEnglishfor3years/since3yearsago.3Theyhavelivedheresince1990.4WhathashappenedtotheUSAinthelast350years?注意：(1)since一段时间agofor时间段;sincetwoweeksago=fortwoweeks;Ihavekeptthelibrarybookforaweek.=Ihavekeptthelibrarybooksinceaweekago.自从一个星期以前我就借了这本图书馆的书。(2)since+时间点for时间段since2000=foryears(3)since+从句(常用一般过去时)TheGreenshavelivedinBeijingsincetheymovedtoBeijingfromParis(4)Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since从句.自从某事发生已有一段时间了.Itis/hasbeentwoyearssincemybrotherjoinedthearmy.选用since或for填空。1_threehours2_threeoclock3_twodays4_yesterdayafternoon5_Icamehere6_lastSunday7_aweek8_alongtime9_199710_twoweeks11_threeyearsago12_lastmonthTheyhavebeenlearningChinese_theycametoChina.2.Ihaventseenher_alongtime.3.Hehasbeenlivinghere_2001.4.Shehasbeendoingherhomework_twohours.5.Its5years_weleftschool.6.HowlonghasMarybeenateacher?_twoyearsago.7.JillhasbeeninIreland_Monday.8.JillhasbeeninIreland_threedays.9.MyaunthaslivedinAustralia_15days.10.Margaretisinheroffice.Shehasbeenthere_7oclock.11.Indiahasbeenanindependentcountry_1974.原形+ed如：worked,passed词尾是e时，直接加d如：likedlived若词尾为“辅音字母加y”，则改y为i加ed。词尾为“元音字母+y”时，直接加d；如:playedstayedstudiedcried末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节是，双写最后一个辅音字母加ed.如：stoppeddroppedAAA:putputputletletletABA:becomebecamebecomeABB:standstoodstoodABC:eatateeaten一、单项选择1.Haveyouwateredtheplants_?Yes,Ihave.A.alreadyB.yetC.neverD.ever2.Hi,Tom!Canyoutellmewhen_forLondon?Yes,tomorrowafternoon.A.leavingB.leavesC.toleaveD.areyouleaving3.Look!Thegirl_isreadingunderthetree_mysister.A.which;isB.whom;wasC.who;isD.who;was4._you_yourhomeworkyet?Yes.I_itamomentago.A.Did;do;finishedB.Have;done;finishedC.Have;done;havefinishedD.Will;do;havefinished5.Annisanurseinourhospital.She_herefortenyears.A.worksB.hasworkedC.workedD.working二、用所给词的适当形式填空1._he_(finish)hisworktoday?Notyet.2._youever_(eat)chocolate?No,never.3.HasTom_(travel)toChina?4.I_already_(see)thefilm.I_(see)itlastweek.5.Hehasnt_(finish)_(read)HarryPotter.6.ZhaoLan_already_(study)inthisschoolfortwoyears.三、用方框中所给词的适当形式填空due,do,live,hurry,read1.Haveyouever_ane-hook?Notyet.2.Theywentshoppingafterfinishing_theirhomework.3.Thisstoryisaboutaboywho_intheUnitedKingdom.4.Youshould_up,orwewillbelate.5.Oursportsmeetingis_intwodays.四、根据汉语意思完成句子1.你读过这本书了吗？_you_thishook?2.她还没有看过那部新电影。She_thatnewmovie.3.快点，否则你会迟到的。_,oryouwillbelate.4.你决定好要去哪里了吗？_youdecided_?用所给词的适当形式填空1.Tom_(hurry)toworkafterhavingbreakfastthismorning.2.IhearyoucomefromFrance.Couldyouhelpmelearn_(France)?3.I_already_(buy)manynewthingsthatIcanuse.4._you_(see)thefilmbefore?No,notvet.5.Thoughhefailedmanytimes,henevergaveup_(try).三、单项选择1.IsawTony_basketballwithJackanhourago.A.playsB.toplayC.playedD.play2.Thefanscantwait_toChina.A.comeB.tocomeC.comingD.came3.Whatelsedoyouneedforyourtrip?_else.Ivepackedeverything.A.SomethingB.EverythingC.NothingD.Anything4.HaveyoumetMr.Li_?A.justB.agoC.beforeD.amomentagoUnit8单项选择专练1.HowdoesJackusuallygotowork?He_driveacar,butnowhe_theretoloseweight.A.usedto;isusedtowalkB.wasusedto;isusedtowalkingC.wasusedto;isusedtowalkD.usedto;isusedtowalking2.Inthelasttenmonth,SeptemberMiracle(奇迹)_onCCTVformorethanfivetimesandispopularalloverthecountry.A.hasplayedthepianoB.hasgivenouttheirsongdisksC.haswrittensongsD.hasperformed3.Hello!CouldIspeaktoLily?Sorry,sheisnotin.She_Shanghai.A.havebeentoB.havegonetoC.hasbeentoD.hasgoneto4.Myhostfamilytriedtocook_formewhenIstudiedinNewZealand.A.differentsomethingB.differentanythingC.somethingdifferentD.anythingdifferent5.Whichdoyouprefer,riceornoodles?_,thanks.Iamnothungry.Ionlyneedsomewater.A.NeitherB.EitherC.BothD.All6.Lookattheyoungladyinred.IsitMrs.King?No.It_beher.Sheiswearingawhitedresstoday.A.canB.mayC.mustD.cant7.AftertheAsianGames,_peoplecametoGuangzhouforavisitduringholidays.A.thousandB.thousandsC.thousandofD.thousandsof8._thechildrenhavefun,parentscantakedancelessonsonthebeach.A.WhereB.IfC.WhileD.Once9.NowthenumberofChinesepeopleworkinginAfrica_morethanonemillion.A.isB.areC.wasD.were10.WhenIwalkedpastthepark,Isawsomeoldpeople_ChineseTaiji.A.doB.didC.doingD.aredoing11.Thechildrendecide_theirschoolyardthisFridayafternoon.A.cleanB.tocleanC.cleaningD.cleaned12.Studentsshouldlearnhow_problems.A.solveB.solvingC.cansolveD.tosolve13.Wouldyoulike_campingwithme?Idliketo.ButImbusy_myhomework.A.togo;todoB.togo;doingC.going;todoD.going;doing14.Anna,haveyou_seenChinasGotTalent(中国达人秀)?Ofcourse.I_itlastweekend.A.never;sawB.ever;haveseenC.never;haveseenD.ever;saw15.Dave,wewillleavein10minutes.Areyouready?No,I_ourguidebookandtowelsyet.A.dontpackB.didntpackC.havepackedD.haventpacked