介词和动词的固定搭配

介词和动词的固定搭配:同一动词和不同介词的搭配:look at (看) look for (寻找) look after (照顾) look over (检查) look (a)round (环顾)arrive in +大地方 (达到) arrive at+小地方 (达到)hear of (据说) hear from (收到的来信)spend +钱+on sth (花钱做某事) spend+时间+(in) doing sth. (花时间做某事)同一介词和不同动词的搭配:ask for (规定) leave for (动身去) send for (派人去请) pay for (付钱) wait for (等待)agree with sb (批准某人) begin with (以开始) help with (在方面协助)catch up with (赶上) get on / along with (与相处) make friends with (与交朋友)play with (玩)其他的介词和动词的搭配:listen to (听) come from (来自) fall off (从上摔下) try out (实验)knock at / on (敲) preferto (比起来还是好) learn by oneself (自学)take care of (照顾) stop(from) doing (制止做某事) help oneself to+食物 (随便吃)fillwith (在里装满/布满) laugh at (讥笑) worry about (为紧张)write to (写信给) try on (试穿,试戴)介词和形容词的常用搭配:be good at =do well in (在方面好) be weak in (在方面差) be good for (对有益)be bad for (对有害) be late for (迟到) be sorry for (为遗憾,抱歉) be full of (布满)be busy with (忙于) be angry with sb. (对某人气愤) be angry at/about (for doing) sth. (对某事气愤) be afraid of (胆怯) be interested in (对感爱好) be different from (与不同) be strict with sb. (对某人严格) be strict in sth.(对某事严格) be famous for (因而闻名) be/ get ready for (为作好准备) 许多介词和名词的固定搭配中不用the等限定词: by bike/car/bus/train/plane/air/land/road etc. on foot (步行) at night (在晚上) at work (在工作) at breakfast/lunch/supper (在吃早,午,晚饭) day after day (一天又一天) at times (有时) in surprise (惊奇地) on fire (着火)1)at once 立即2)at last 最后3)at first 起先，一方面4)at the age of 在岁时5)at the end of 在之末6)at the beginning of 在之初7)at the foot of 在脚下8)at the same time 同步9)at night/noon 在夜里/中午10)with ones help 在某人的协助下，由于某人的协助11)with the help of 在的协助下12)with a smile 面带笑容13)with ones own eyes 亲眼看见14)after a while 过了一会儿15)from now on 从目前起16)from then on 从那时起17)far example 例如18)far away from 远离19)from morning till night 从早到晚20)by and by 不久21)by air mail 寄航空邮件22)by bike/air/train/bus 骑自行车/乘飞机/火车/汽车23)by ordinary mail 寄平信24)by the way 顺便说25)by the window 在窗边26)by the end of 到底为止27)little by little 逐渐地28)in all 总共29)in fact 事实上30)in ones twenties 在某人二十几岁时31)in a hurry 匆忙32)in the middle of 在中间33)in no time (in a minute) 立即，不久34)in time (on time) 及时35)in public 公众，公开地36)in order to 为了37)in front of 在前面38)in the sun 在阳光下39)in the end 最后，终于40)in surprise 惊奇地41)in turn 依次42)of course 固然43)a bit (of) 有一点儿44)a lot of 许多45)a little 一点儿46)on ones way to 某人在去的路上47)on foot 步行，走路48)a talk on space 一种有关太空的报告49)on the other hand 另一方面50)at/on the weekend 在周末51)on the left (right) 在左(右)边52)on the other side of 在另一边53)on the radio 通过收音机(无线电广播)54)to ones joy 使快乐的是55)to ones surprise 使惊讶的是1.表达时间的介词及介词短语 in, at, on, before，after，till，since，for, fromto, until， by，in the middle of，at the beginning of， at the end of，at half past five，at night，in a week，in the morning，in class，at sunrise， in spring/summer/autumn/winter，on Sunday，on Saturday afternoon，on a winter evening，for a long time，for two months，after school，since liberation，before lunch，at the time of，at the age of。2.表达地点的介词及介词短语in，at，into，to，on，beside，before，behind，above，under，outside,inside,up,from,far,from,near,across， off， down， among， past，between，out of，around，in the front of， in the middle of， at the back of，at the foot of，at home，at the gate，at the table，in the sky， on the ground，in a tree， in the south，in the sun，in the bed，on ones way home，by the side of。3.介词和各类词搭配构成的介词短语1）.介词与动词搭配arrive inat达到 ask for要，祈求 do well in在方面做得好 give in投降go on继续hear from收到来信 hear of据说 helps B.with sth.协助做laugh at讥笑 learn from向学习 leave for离开一地去另一地talk to与谈话 go in for从事，致力于put up穿上，挂上 take down拿下，取了 look at（故意识地）看 speak to对某人说send for派人去请 shout at大声叫喊，吼叫 take away拿走，带走think of考虑，关怀turninto把变成 wait for等待，等待 take off脱下，起飞turn onoff打开（关上） listen to听 look after照顾，照看look for寻找 look like 看上去像 get to 达到 point to 指着fill with布满，装满 begin with以开始 dealdo with处置，看待meet with偶尔碰见，遭遇 pass on传递belong to属于 write to写信给 call on号召，访问，邀请 die of死于depend on依托，依赖 smile at向微笑 believe in信任 look out向四下看，到处看2）.介词与名词搭配in time及时 in bed卧床 in life毕生中 on time准时，准时in front of在前面 on foot步行 by bus乘公共汽车 at home在家 in English用英语 in the middle在中间at night在晚上 at noon在中午 at hospital在医院 with a smile带着微笑of course固然（可以） in a hurry匆忙，匆匆 in a minute一会儿 by the way顺便说说问问at first一方面，起初 at last最后，终于 at the meeting在会上 at least至少 on ones way to在的路上in the sun在阳光下in a tree在树上 in surprise惊奇地 at once立即，立即 at the foot of在脚下at all压根儿 at dinner在吃正餐 at the table在桌子旁 at work在工作at school在学校 at the back of在背面at the beginning of在开始 at the end of在结尾 at the same time同步，然而 by hand用手，手工，亲手by the end of到结束时 by train乘火车day by day日复一日 one by one一种接一种by spaceship乘坐宇宙飞船 in a low voice大声地 in a word综上所述，一句话 in trouble处在困境in fact事实上 in the street在街上in the end最后，终于 in space在空间in no time立即，不久 in order按顺序，整洁，正常 in order to为了，以便 in the day在白天in line成始终线in a short while不久 in all总共，总计 in town在城里 in silence不作声out of breath上气不接下气 out of sight消失，看不见 on duty值日 on the leftright在左右边on the one handon the other hand一方面另一方面 on the other side of在的另一边on top of在顶上 in the distance在远处 in public当众，公开地 out of work失业on the radio通过无线电广播 to this day直到今天 to ones surprise/joy使某人吃惊/快乐3)介词与形容词、过去分词和动词等搭配be born in出生于be good at擅长 be made of由制成be angry with s B. 对某人气愤 be angry at sth. 为某事气愤 be pleased with s B. 对某人感到满意be satisfied with sth.对某事感到满意 be surprised at对感到惊奇/惊讶 be tired of讨厌厌倦be interested in对感爱好 be proud of以为自豪/骄傲 be full of布满takecatch hold of抓住 be sure of确信 take part in参与break into 闯入 take care of照顾，关怀，保管be busy with忙于 be strict with对严格规定catch up with跟上，赶上 have nothing to do with与无关go to school上学 go to bedsleep睡觉 give a lesson to给上课go to the cinema 去看电影 be kind to s B.对某人和谐 say hello to向问好 look forward to盼望，期待keep out of不让进入 go on strike罢工 be used to习惯于4.看似相似，但意义有别的词组英语中有某些介词词组和动词词组，它们从形式上看似乎基本相似，但在乎义上却截然不同。要是我们在记忆上对此类词组不加以注重，使用时就很容易望文生义，甚至张冠李戴。为此，把此类词组归纳如下：1）.介词词组(1) at table在进餐 at the table在桌子旁（=beside the desk）(2) at desk在读书或做作业 at the desk在书桌旁(3) at school在校上学（指学生） at the school在学校（指教职工）(4) in front of the bus在公共汽车的前面(不在车上) in the front of the bus在公共汽车的前部(在车上)(5) at sea在航海中 at the sea在海边(6) by day白天 by the day按日，论日(7) behind time误期 behind the time落后于时代(8) in class在上课，在课内 in the class在这个班(9) in bed 卧床，在睡觉 in the bed在床上(10) in prison坐牢 in the prison在监狱(11) in red穿着红色的衣服 in the red负债，亏损(12) in hospital住院（指病人） in the hospital（因事）在医院(13) in office在办公，执政 in the office在办公室(14) in secret秘密，私下 in the secret参入秘密，参入诡计(15) in place of 替代，而不是 in the place of在地方(16) in case of万一，如果 in the case of就来说，至于(17) of age成年人 of an age同龄人(18) out of office离职 out of the office离开办公室(19) out of prison（因犯罪）出狱 out of the prison（因事）从监狱出来(20) out of question毫无疑问 out of the question不也许，办不到2）.具有介词的动词词组(1) come out of hospital（病好）出院 come out of the hospital（因事）从医院里出来(2) come out of prison（刑满）释放 come out of the prison（因事）从监狱里出来(3) go to school去上学 go to the school（因事）去学校(4) go to college上大学 go to the/a college去一所学校（办事）(5) go to bed上床睡觉 go to the bed去床边(6) go to hospital去住院 go to the hospital（因事）去医院(7) go to prison去坐牢 go to the prison（因事）去监狱(8) go to sea当海员 go to the sea去海边(9) go to court起诉 go to the court（因事）去法庭(10) go to church做礼拜 go to the church（因事）去教堂(11) keep house管理家务 keep the house守在家里(12) take place发生 take the place替代3）.有无冠词，意义无多大区别的介词词组(1) at(the)most 至多(2) at(the)first 起初(3) all(the)day 成天(4) catch(a)cold 感冒(5) in(the)future 将来(6) in(the)memory of 纪念(7) go to(the)office 上班，去办公室(8) go to(the)market 赶集，去市场(9) on(a)holiday 在度假(10) (the)day before yesterday 前天(11) (the)most of 大多数(12) with (a)smiling face 面带微笑