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A true story Lesson 1192021/6/302Free talkvTell us something about thief.handcuffs 手铐He was taken away in handcuffs.他被铐走了。A policeman put handcuffs on the thief.一个警察给那小偷带上了手铐。2021/6/303Key wordsexpressionsvstory n.故事故事vhappen v.发生发生vthief n.贼贼 venter v.进入进入vdark adj.黑暗的黑暗的vtorch n.手电筒手电筒vvoice n.(说话的说话的)声音声音vparrot n.鹦鹉鹦鹉vexercise book n.练习本练习本2021/6/304v story n.（两个清辅音连在一起时，第二个音要浊化）故事 a ghost story tell stories谎话 Dont tell stories!lstory 一般性的故事，可以真实的也可以是虚构的，完整的故事 make up a story 编造一个故事 to make a long story short 长话短说lfable 寓言故事llegend 传奇故事ltale 神话故事，童话 2021/6/305Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs /dw :f/2021/6/306Little Red Riding HoodLittle Red Riding Hood went to visit her grandmother.小红帽去探望她的外婆.2021/6/307The Frog Prince2021/6/308The Emperors New Clothes2021/6/309An Ugly Duckling2021/6/3010Aquamarine /,kwmri:n/2021/6/3011v happen 1）v.发生 -What happened?-A strange thing happened to a friend of mine a year ago.一年之前，一件希奇的事发生在我的一位朋友身上。2）v.碰巧，恰好（to）I happened to meet her on my way home.在回家的路上，我碰巧遇见了她。I happen to know that professor.我正好熟悉那位教授。2021/6/3012vthief n.贼 复数：thievesA World without Thieves2021/6/3013venter v.进入,穿入 enter the room他们进入了房子后，就去了餐厅。After they had entered the house,they went into the dining room.参加，加入 enter the Party 入党Four students from our university entered the final contest.我们大学的4名学生进入了竞赛的决赛。输入 enter into the computer2021/6/3014vdarkladj.黑暗的 too dark 深色的 dark blue 阴暗的 dark future-bright futureln.黄昏，黑夜 at dark in the dark天黑时天黑时在暗处在暗处light2021/6/3015lthe D-Ages 欧洲中 世纪lkeep it dark 保守秘密la dark chapter in a book 书中难懂的一章lin ones dark days 在不得意时la dark face 忧郁的脸lIt is a dark secret.这是十分秘密的事。About“dark”2021/6/3016idiom vafter dark vbefore dark vin the darkvkeep dark vkeep/leave sb.in the dark vwhistle in the dark黄昏后,天黑后黄昏前,天黑前在暗处,秘密,暗中,完全不知道躲起来,不说出来不让某人知道黑暗中吹口哨,给自己壮胆2021/6/3017v torch n.手电筒 turn on/off the torch火炬 light the torch2021/6/3018v voice n.声音 in an angry voice意见 speak out my voice lose ones voice 失音，嗓子变哑 raise ones voice 提高嗓门 the sound of music 音乐之声2021/6/3019vparrot n.鹦鹉2021/6/3020Language pointsv1、Do you like stories?这里stories泛指故事这一类东西。v2、I want to tell you a true story.want to do sth.想要做某事。tell a story 讲故事 true 真实可信的&真正存在的 real T(True)or F(false)2021/6/3021v3、It happened to a friend of mine a year ago.happen to sb./sth.发生在某人身上/某物上（通常是不好的事）What happened to your car?v双重所有格：a friend of mine=my friend；a friend of my fathers=my fathers friend a friend of mine相当于one of my friends,但前者比后者显得更为亲切。2021/6/3022v4、While my friend,George,was reading in bed,two thieves climbed into his kitchen.George,同位语，补充说明my friend climb into 爬进v5、After they had entered the house,they went into the dining room.=They had entered the house before they went into the dining room.强调两个动作的前后顺序时，较早的动作要用过去完成时。及物动词 enter=不及物动词 go into2021/6/3023v6、It was very dark,so they turned on a torch.=They turned on a torch because it was very dark.连词so，所以、因此，表示结果。turn on,打开，拧开（电视、水源、煤气等）。其反义词为turn off(关上)。7、Suddenly,they heard a voice behind them.hear 强调结果。注意不规则变化hear-heard-heard。voice 说话的声音&sound 声响&noise 噪音&music 音乐2021/6/3024v8、Whats up?【口语】=Whats wrong?=Whats the matter?【寒暄】Whats up,man?询问对方最近过得如何。v9、Someone called.【回顾Lesson 115】复合不定代词。v10、The thieves dropped the torch and ran away as quickly as they could.drop 扔掉；run away 逃跑；as.as sb.can/could/possible 尽可能地(第一个as是副词，修饰quickly,第二个as是连词，引导比较状语从句。)例句：Run as fast as you can（后省略run）!Please write to me as soon as possible.2021/6/3025v11、George heard the noise and came downstairs quickly.下楼，楼下 downstairs upstairs 上楼，楼上v12、He turned on the light,but he couldnt see anyone.turn on 打开 关上 turn off；复合不定代词 anyone 任何人v13、The thieves had already gone.过去完成时。had gone=had left=had run away（上文）2021/6/3026v14、But Georges parrot,Henry,was still there.名词所有格s；同位语；still 仍然。v15、Nothing,Henry,George said and smiled.Go back to sleep.go back to do sth.回去继续做某事。go back to some place 回到某地。2021/6/3027The Past Perfect Tense过去完成时2021/6/3028The Past Perfect Tense 过去完成时结构：助动词 had+p.p.(过去分词)用法：表示过去某一时间和动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作或一直持续的动作(过去的过去)By the end of last term,we had learned 600 English words.He said he had finished his homework.The film had already begun when we got to the cinema.2021/6/3029 肯定式 否定式 疑问式和简短回答 She had left when I got there.She hadnt left when I got there.-Had she left when you got there?-Yes,she had./No,she hadnt.By the end of last term,they_(learn)500 English words.和 by+过去时间点连用,如：by the time,by then,by last year,by the end of last year/month,by five oclock yesterday evening 过去完成时态的标志2.和before+过去时间点连用We _(arrive)the station before ten oclock.had learnedhad arrived4.常用于宾语从句中 She said that she _(write)three e-mails.had written3.和up till/until+过去时间点连用，如：up till then,up until last night Li Lei _(wash)the dishes up till then.had washed5.和when,before,after,as soon as,until/till等引导的状语从句连用或用于从句中 The airplane _ already _(leave)when I got to the airport.6.根据上下文判断 I went to Li Hongs house,but he _(go)out.had lefthad goneLast night,as soon as I _(finish)my work,I went to sleep.had finished2021/6/3033Fill in each blank with the proper verb form:He said that he _(write)that letter.Before he arrived,the train _(leave).By then,they _(work)for eight hours.When she got to the cinema,the film _ already _(be)on for 15 minutes.had writtenhad lefthad worked had been 一、一、过去完成时过去完成时二、二、过去完成时过去完成时与现在完成时的比较与现在完成时的比较三、三、过去完成时过去完成时与一般过去时的比较与一般过去时的比较Grammar in useGrammar 过去完成时过去完成时 概念：在过去某一特定的时间之前，动作已经结束概念：在过去某一特定的时间之前，动作已经结束或完成；过去的两个动作进行比较时，发生在之前或完成；过去的两个动作进行比较时，发生在之前的那个动作应该用过去完成时。的那个动作应该用过去完成时。结构：结构：S+had 动词过去分词动词过去分词（+by the end of到到为止）为止）常与现在完成时连用的副词：常与现在完成时连用的副词：already（已经），（已经），ever（曾经），（曾经），for+表示时间段的词，表示时间段的词，just（刚（刚刚），刚），never（从未）。（从未）。I had seen 50 films by the end of last week.I bought a new car last year after I had sold my old one.用法用法 主要用法有三个，即已完成用法，未完成用法和虚拟用法 已完成用法表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成如：Tom flew home,but his father had died.未完成用法表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去时间，而且到那时还未结束，仍有继续下去的可能性如：By six oclock they had worked twelve hours.虚拟用法表示主观愿望和过去事实相反的，非真实的假设虚拟情况如：You didnt let me drive.If we _ in turn,you _ so tired.(NMET96)A.drove;didnt get B.drove;wouldnt get C.were driving;wouldnt get D.had driven;wouldnt have got (Key:D)已完成用法已完成用法1.by过去某一时间连用，意为到为止在之前，表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了得动作如：We had got everything ready by the time they arrived.练习练习根据汉语提示完成句子：_（到他岁时），he _（建立）his own chemical lab.(Key:By the time he was 14;had built)_（在比赛临结束之前），they _（踢进了）two goals and we _（踢进了）four.(Key:By the end of the match/Before the match nearly ended;had kicked;had kicked)By the time the new pupil _ enough courage to raise his hand,the bell _ for the End of the lesson.(MET88)A.had gathered;was already ringingB.was gathering;had already rungC.gathered;already rangD.would rather;would already have rung (key:A)2.也常用when,before等引导的时间状语从句作为发生的时间先后对比，即主句动作发生在从句动作之前，这时主句用过去完成时，从句常用一般过去时 He had only just reached home when a man called to see him.他刚到家就有人找他（when在此有突然之意）I had not gone much father before I caught them up.我没有走多远就赶上他们了练习练习Tom was disappointed(失望的)that most of the guests _ when he _ at the party.A.left;had arrived B.left;arrived C.had left;had arrived D.had left;arrived (key:D)How long _ each other before they _ married?(NMET93)About a year.A.have they known;get B.did they know;were going to get C.do they know;are going to get D.had they known;got (key:D)3.常与fore,since,until,when等构成的时间状语（从句）连用，表示由过去某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态 Until then I had known nothing about it.那时以前我对其一无所知 I had only been there for five minutes when John walked in.我在那里仅呆了五分钟，约翰就进来了 练习练习She told me that she _(be)ill since she _(come)back from the seaside.(key:had been;came)4过去完成时常用在宾语从句（或间接引语）中。这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。如：The police found that the house _ and a lot of things _.(NMET90)A.has broken into;has been stolen B.had broken into;had been stolenC.has been broken into;stolen D.had been broken into;stolen(key:D)The pen I _ I _ is on my desk,right under my nose.(NMET93)A.think;lost B.thought;had lostC.think;had lost D.thought;have lost (key:B)练习练习He told me that he _(see)the film the day before.(key:had seen)5 在“It was+时间名词+since从句”句型结构中，从句的动作或状态发生在“过去的过去”。这时since从句中的动作常用过去完成时。如：They asked me to have a drink with them.I said that it was at least ten years since I _ a good drink.(MET89)A.had enjoyed B.was enjoying C.enjoyed D.had been enjoying 练习练习 1)It was fifteen years since she had left home.Her home village _ greatly _.(key:had changed)2)It was nearly two weeks since I _(receive)his letter.(key:had received)6常用在hardly when;no sooner than 句型中，表示“一就”。如：1)_got into the room _ the telephone rang.(MET88)A.He hardly had;then B.Hardly had he;when C.He had not;that D.Not had he;when (key:B)2)_ left the house _ it began to rain.A.No sooner had we;when B.Hardly had we;then C.We had no sooner;then D.No sooner had we;than (key:D)B.未完成用法未完成用法多用于宾语从句或间接引语中，有时用于before/as soon as等引导的时间状语从句中。如：1.He said he had worked in that factory since 1989.2.He said he would come as soon as he had finished his work.他说一干完活就来。（had finished表示“过去将来”）练习练习1）昨天夜晚九点以前，我们已经得到200幅宇宙飞船发来的照片。_,we _ 200 pictures from the spaceship.(key:By nine oclock last:had got)2）到那年年底，亨利已收集了一千多张外国邮票。_,Henry _ more than a thousand foreign stamps.(By the end of that year;had collected)3)I _(study)English for 3 years before I _(go)to Australia.(key:had studied;went)4)I _(work)for 3 years I before I _(join)the PLA.(key:had worked;joined)1.I _ 900 English words by the time I was ten。A.learned B.was learning C.had learned D.learnt 2.By the time my parents reached home yesterday,I _ the dinner already.A had cooked B.cooked C.have cooked D.was cooked 3.By the time he was ten years old,he _.A has completed university B.has completed the university C had completed an university D.had completed university 4.He _ to play _ before he was 11 years old.A had learned,piano B.had learned,the piano C.has learned,the piano D.learns,piano 5.The students _ their classroom when the visitors arrived.A.have cleaned B.had cleaned C.was cleaned D.have been cleanedCADAB用动词的适当形式填空 I asked the price of the car,but they _(sell)it.She_(clean)the room before she went out.We_(have)dinner before they arrived.She went on holiday after she _(take)the exam.He went home after he_(see)the film.After she_(make)the dumplings,we ate them.By the time of last term,the boy _(learn)2000 words.She_(be)to many cities by the time she was ten.had sold had cleaned had had had taken had seen had made had learned had beenC虚拟用法虚拟用法 1动词think,want,hope,mean,plan等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法、希望、打算或意图等。如：I had meant to come,but something happened.我本想来，但有事就没有来。2wish后的宾语从句中表示不能实现的愿望；或条件状语从句中表示一种假设与过去事实相反的情况时，则从句中的动词形式用过去完成时。如：1)I wish I _ you yesterday.(MET 88)A.saw B.did see C.had seen D.were to see (key:C)2)I didnt see your sister at the meeting.If she _,she would have met my brother.(NMET94)A.has come B.did come C.came D.had come (key:D)3)If he _,he _ that food.Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.A.was warned;would not take B.had been warned;would not have taken C.would be warned;had not taken D.should be warned;would have taken (key:B)3As if/as though“似乎、好像”，引导的从句表示一种与过去事实相反的虚拟情况时，该从句谓语动词应用过去完成时。如：1)He talked as if he _ for years.(上海86)A.is living there B.was living there C.has lived there D.had lived there (key:D)2)The two strangers talked as if they _ friends for years.(上海93)A.should be B.would be C.have been D.had been (key:D)2021/6/3049Homework 1.To finish the exercises after the text.2.To practise the structures learned during the class.若有不当之处，请指正，谢谢！若有不当之处，请指正，谢谢！
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