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名词性从句一、定语在复合句中起 作用的从句叫名词从句(Noun Clauses）。名词从句的功能相当于_,根据它在句中充当的不同成分，可分为_、_、_和_。名从口诀: 学习名从要知道; 及物动词最重要; 动词之前叫_; 动词之后是_.系动词也贼重要; 它的后面跟_; 千万不能忘介词; 它的后面跟_.二、辨析分析以下句中的名词性从句1. At lunchtime, the radio weatherman reported that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon. _2. Im curious about whether Yetis exist. _3. She sensed that she was being watched by a tall man in a dark coat. _4. That we will go home tomorrow makes us happy. _5. The problem is whether I can find my lost pen. _6. Im sure that I will make progress in English. _7. What he said makes sense. _8. Whether Yetis really exist is still a mystery. _9. It is still a mystery whether/if Yetis really exist. _10. There is a possibility that Justin has been taken away by some aliens. _11. The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far. _12. He broke his promise that he would help me. _13. Word came that a building would be built here. _三、考点归纳一）、语序：_1. She sensed something. A tall man in a dark coat was staring at her. (合并)She sensed _.2. She wondered. Would the buses still be running? （合并）She wondered_.3他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。_ is still a puzzle.4 你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？Could you tell me _?注：I dont know _. (她怎么了？)二）、名词性从句的引导词a. That That light travels in straight lines is known to all.补充：（众所周知）=_ is known to all that light travels in straight lines.=_ is known to all is that light travels in straight lines.=_ is known to all, light travels in straight in lines.b. if/whether No one knew if/whether he lost his sight because of an accident.c. 疑问词 This is what we are looking for.引导词的选用（1） that 和what1._ he wants is a book.2. _ he wants to go there is obvious.3. The result is _ we won the game.4. This is _ we want to know.5. Is _ he told us true ?6. We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7. I have no doubt _ he will come.8. I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.Conclusion: that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。(2) 引导词that 的省略1. I dont think _ she is coming.2. It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake.3. The reason is _ he is careless .4. The news _ our team won the match inspired us.5. I dont think it necessary _ you should read English aloud.6. He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.Conclusion: _从句中that可省，且只有_可省。(3) if 和whether1. I asked her _ she had a bike.2._ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3. Were worried about _ he is safe.4. I dont know _ he is well or not.5. I dont know _ or not he is well.6. The question is _ he should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8. I dont know _ to go.9. It hasnt been decided _we shall attend the meeting.Conclusion: if只可以用于：a. _ b. it作形式主语时(4)其它连接代词和副词的选用我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。_ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday.我不知道他长的什么样子。I have no idea _ he looks like.这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。This is _ I left my glasses.Conclusion: 主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的选择who、which、when、where、why、how 等,这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。三）、同位语从句1.同位语从句的格式：_2.能接同位语从句的名词有：fact, idea, news, possibility, word, doubt, information, order, belief, suggestion, advice, promise等3.连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用whether, what, when, where 等来引导同位语从句。1. I have no idea _ he comes from.2. He cant answer the question _ he got the money.3. He gave us many suggestions _ we should get up earlier and take more exercise.4. I have no doubt _ he will win.5. I have some doubt _ he will win.6. I have no idea _ he will be back.7. I have no idea _ he said.4 同位语从句与定语从句的区别定语从句是_的从句, 它与先行词是_的关系。名词性从句是_从句，是对前面名词作进一步的_。1）The news _ our football team won the match was really encouraging .2）The news _ we heard on the radio was not true .Conclusion: 定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中that不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中_一个句子成分，充当从句的宾语成分时_。同位语从句是对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的that在同位语从句中_任何成分,只起连接作用,无具体含义,且_.1.We expressed the hope that they had expressed. _2. We expressed the hope that they would come to China again. _-1.The information has been announced that more middle school graduates will be admitted into university. _2.The information that he revealed at the meeting is of great value. _四）、特殊句型1 He gave me a suggestion that I_ (be) calm now.2 The suggestion is that he _ (keep) calm all the time.3 He desired that he _ (become) a pilot in the future.Conclusion: 在表示_、_、_三类词的名词性从句中，要用虚拟语气,结构为 sb should do, should 可省略。常见词有_等。五）、 宾语从句的时态呼应1他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的. He believes _ .2请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么. Please tell me _.3他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。He told me _ .4 他说他已离开家乡十年了。He told me _.5老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。The teacher told me_.Conclusion: 如果主句是过去时,从句谓语动词一般用过去的某种时态。但如果从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规律等时，从句谓语通常用_。六）、一些特殊词1 be not sure/ dont know +_2 Sb wonder _It is no wonder_3 doubt怀疑：肯定用_ I doubt _ he is confident.否定或疑问用 _ Do you doubt _ he will succeed?I dont doubt _ he will succeed.七）、 形式主语和形式宾语It makes us happy that we will go home tomorrow.四、巩固练习1.It now appears _ they are in need of help.A. that B. which C. what D. how2.It is good news _ they will arrive in a few days.A. which B. what C. that D. how3.It _ Joe drives badly.A. thought that B. thinks thatC. was thought that D. is thought that4.It _ he is late for class.A. may that B. might thatC. may be that D. might be what5.This is _ she was born.A. where B. which C. that D. what6.The question is _ we cant go there today.A. that B. what C. which D. when7.The question is _ it is worth doing.A. if B. whether C. which D. what8.The reason he has made such great progress is _ he has never wasted his time.A. because B. why C. that D. what9.My suggestion is _ we should turn the land into rice fields.A. what B. that C. which D. where10.His proposal is that the dam _ at the foot of the mountain.A. build B. will build C. be built D. will be built11.My advice is that he _ regular house.A. keep B. would keep C. keeps D. kept12._ knows the truth will tell you about it.A. Who that B. Whoever C. Whom that D. That who13.We all know the truth _ the earth goes round the sun.A. that B. which C. what D. whether14.We heard the news _ our team had won.A. which B. that C. what D. where15.The problem _ it is right or wrong has not yet been decided.A. which B. that C. whether D. if16.You must do well _ the teacher asks you to do.A. which B. what C. that D. where17.I wonder _ you will go shopping or stay at home.A. that B. if C. whether D. what18. This is _ he was often late for school.A. what B. that C. why D. whether19. We all know the truth _ the earth _ around the sun.A. if; moved B. that; moves C. why; move D. whether; move20. _ the baby could speak made his parents very happy.A. That B. What C. Why D. If
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