定语从句的注意事项

定语从句的注意事项一、主谓一致这是指关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句中谓语动词的单复数形式与先行词一致的问题。1、取决于先行词，先行词是单数时，从句的谓语动词用单数；先行词是复数时，从句的谓语动词用复数。Eg，Mr Smith, who is now downstairs, is asking to see you.The Smiths, who are now downstairs, are asking to seee you.2、“one of+可数名词复数”后的定语从句，谓语动词用复数形式；“the only/ very/right one of+可数名词复数”后的定语从句，谓语动词用单数形式。Eg，Jeff is one of the students who were awarded. 杰夫是当时获奖的学生之一。Jeff is the only one of the students who was awarded.杰夫是唯一一个获奖的学生。二、宜用that不用which的情况that 和which在定语从句中都可以做主语或宾语，指物。作宾语时，均可省略。通常情况下，二者可以互换使用。但有时不可以随便互换。1、当先行词是指物的不定代词，如all，much，little，few，something，anything，everything，none，nothing等或被不定代词修饰时。Eg, You should hand in all tht you have. I did nothing that might hurt you.2、当先行词有the only，the same，the very，the last等词修饰时。Eg，These articles are the very ones that should be read.Charring was the only thing that interested her most.3、当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。Eg，This is the best film that has been seen shown so far in the city.He was the first that gave us some useful advice.4、当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。Eg，Who is the person that is standing at the gate?Which of us that knows something about physics can not join electric wires?5、当先行词有两个或两个以上，并且分别表示人和物时。Eg，She took photographs of the things and people that she was interested in.三、宜用which不用that的情况1、先行词本身就是that时。Eg，Whats that which flashed in the sky just now2、在定语从句中作介词宾语，且介词位于关系代词之前时。Eg，Im looking for a container in which I can put all these coins.四、宜用who不用that的情况1、先行词如果是指人的不定代词或指示代词，如one, anyone, no one, all, nobody,anybody, none, those等时。Eg，Anyone whos wants to swim writes his name on a piece of paper.Those who have good manners will be respected.2、当先行词指人并含有较长的后置定语或在被分割的定语从句中时。Eg，The professor is coming soon who will give us a talk on how to learn English. The boy was crying hard who lost his way while looking for his mother.