2019版高考英语二轮复习 专题限时集训2 细节理解之事实认定（Ⅱ）（含解析）

专题限时集训(二)细节理解之事实认定()ASugar Hill Childrens MuseumSugar Hill Childrens Museum of Art & Storytelling is open to the public on Saturday，October 3 with a FREE kickoff party that includes music，face painting and of course stories and art-making.The museum is designed to serve the youngest New Yorkers with a target audience of 3 to 8 years old.The 17,000-square-foot Sugar Hill Childrens Museum of Art & Storytelling is housed in the recently completed affordable and eye-catching housing complex(住房综合区)at the crossing of 155th Street and St.Nicholas Avenues.Designed by famous architect David Adjaye，the inside space provides a bright，airy feeling contrast to the buildings strange outside.You wont find ball holes or water tables at this friendly museum，but plenty of fascinating art decorates the walls.And the art studio spaces and a storytelling lineup which has not yet been released will likely draw crowds.Small touches like hanging art low enough to attract a toddler，as well as its free admission for those 8 and under go a long way in achieving the museums goal of making art more accessible to preschool and early-elementary aged kids.Where: The Sugar Hill Childrens Museum of Art & Storytelling is located at 898 St.Nicholas Avenue，directly above the 155th Street C-train subway stop.Cars are not the best choice regarding to the heavy traffic here.(Strollers (婴孩车)are allowed in the galleries or can be checked with coats upon arrival.)Hours: The museum will be open on Saturdays and Sundays from noon to 5 pm. during October.Public hours will be added on Thursdays and Fridays from 10 am. to 5 pm. in November.It is reserved for school visits from Monday to Wednesday.Cost：While Saturdays event is FREE，regular admission prices will be $7 for adults and $4 for children aged 9-17；those aged 8 and younger are always FREE.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍最近开放的Sugar Hill儿童艺术和叙述故事博物馆的宗旨、方位、设计、特点、开放时间以及花费等等相关情况。1Whats the purpose of building the museum?ATo serve a certain group of little kids.BTo satisfy the requirement of the local.CTo offer the young New Yorkers a free place to hold parties.DTo help the public learn about the development of ancient art.A考查推理判断。根据第一段的最后一句“The museum is designed to serve the youngest New Yorkers with a target audience of 3 to 8 years old.”以及第四段的“.go a long way in achieving the museums goal of making art more accessible.”可知，这个博物馆建造的目的是为儿童服务的。2From the third paragraph，we can learn that the museum .Awill quickly cover a large area of housingBmay increasingly attract people to gather togetherCmay eventually provide more employment opportunitiesDwill gradually bring economic benefits to the local peopleB考查细节理解。根据文章第三段的“And the art studio spaces and a storytelling lineup which.”可推断出答案。3When can preschool children visit the museum?AOn Thursdays and Fridays in October.BOn Saturdays and Sundays in October.COn Tuesdays and Wednesdays in November.DOn Mondays and Wednesdays in November.B考查细节理解。根据“Hours：The museum will be open on Saturdays and Sundays from noon to 5 pm.It is reserved for school visits from Monday to Wednesday.”可知，学龄前孩子们可以在10月份的周六、周日去参观。4What can we learn about the admission fee?AIt is free on weekends.BChildren just pay half that of the adults.CStudents can get a discount on Saturday.DPreschool children are free of charge.D考查细节理解。根据最后一段Cost部分“While Saturdays event is FREE.those aged 8 and younger are always FREE.”可知，学龄前儿童是免费参观的。B(2018洛阳市统一考试)It is quite apparent that competition surrounds every aspect of human life whether in the United States or the Amazon rain forest.Without it we would not have grown into primates (灵长目动物)Or we would probably still be struggling to sharpen a bronze tool while crawling around on four legs in search of meat.Without competition，Columbus wouldnt have discovered America and Edison would never have invented the light bulb.The friendship，like all relationships between two people，involves competition.It isnt competition in a traditional sense because there are no goals to be scored and no prizes.Perhaps the ecological definition the simultaneous (同时的)demand by two or more organisms for limited environmental resources，such as nutrients，living space，or light better explains it.As in nature，high school life is governed by a set of laws，similar to a shortened version of Darwins theory of evolution，overpopulation，and competition.There is an abundance of high school students and to distinguish them，ranking and categorizing (分类)take place.In high school，friendship coexists with competition even though at times the relationship is rough.In fact，in some circumstances，competition is too much of a burden for friendship to bear，causing it to fall apart.College admission is the final high school objective.Four years of hard work is to achieve good grades，and a students fate is determined not only by these achievements，but by the records of thousands of other seniors trying to achieve similar recognition.Nevertheless，by necessity，competition between students exists in all aspects of high school life.It sets and improves the standards in everything from sports to schoolwork.Healthy，friendly competition can have only benefits，but when it becomes too fierce，jealousy(妒忌)can tear friendship apart.Yet，despite all this，without competition，we would be lost.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了友谊和竞争之间的关系，健康的竞争促进友谊，而恶性的竞争则破坏友谊。5What does the ecological definition mainly explain?AHow friends compete with each other.BHow to win the competition.CWhat the result of competition is.DWhat competition exactly is.D考查细节理解。分析第二段最后一句“Perhaps the ecological definitionthe simultaneous(同时的)demand by two or more organisms for limited environmental resources，such as nutrients，living space，or lightbetter explains it”可知，该句的主干是Perhaps the ecological definition better explains it，其中“it”指代的是前一句中的“competition”。两个破折号之间的内容解释“the ecological definition”。句意：两个或者更多的生物体同时对有限的生态环境资源有需求，如营养物质、生存空间、光这一生态学定义更好地解释了竞争(的含义)。故选D项。6According to the author，what causes the high school students to compete?AThe number of them is too large.BFriendship is a burden for them.CThey know the laws of nature well.DThey are divided into different groups.A考查细节理解。根据第三段内容可知，高中生活与自然界一样有一系列的规则，这与达尔文关于进化、人口过多和竞争的理论相似。也正是因为学生人数众多，为了区分，所以对学生进行了排名、分类。再加上考大学这一高中生活的最终目标的压力，高中生之间的竞争就不可避免地产生了。故选A项。7. Which best describes the relationship of friendship and competition ?AFriendship is always based on competition.BThe degree of competition is vital to friendship.CCompetition is terribly harmful to friendship.DCompetition is a result of lost friendship.B考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Healthy，friendly competition can have only benefits，but when it becomes too fierce，jealousy(妒忌)can tear friendship apart”可知，健康的、友好的竞争对友谊有好处，而过于激烈的、存在妒忌的竞争会使友谊破裂。因此竞争的度对友谊是至关重要的。故选B项。8What does the author think of “competition” ?AThe results of competition are out of control.BCompetition becomes fiercer in high school.CCompetition is certain to happen in high school.DFriendship is not as important as competition in high schools.C考查细节理解。根据最后一段第一句“Nevertheless，by necessity，competition between students exists in all aspects of high school life”可知，作者认为高中生活的各个方面存在竞争是必然的。故选C项。C (2018安徽省知名示范高中质检)It is the ideal way for travellers to ensure they wake up with the perfect view a portable Ecocapsule that can be set up anywhere in the world.The innovative，egg-shaped pods ensure travellers can camp in the most extreme corners of the world，with all the luxury of a hotel room.Looking like something in a sci-fi movie，the pod is equipped with solar panels，and a retractable wind turbine，which guarantee solar and wind energy as its power.In this way，the tiny home can let you live comfortably wherever you travel.It even has its own shower and toilet，sleeping area for two，and a small kitchen.It may look like a camp，but at least with the Ecocapsule you can look forward to a hot shower and running water on your travels.The 3,306 lb pods can be transported on your travels in a container or can be towed on a trailer，meaning the possibilities are endless.Bratislava-based Nice Architects are behind the extraordinary Ecocapsules and said they initially designed them for people who stay in the nature for a long time.However，it quickly became apparent that they could be opened up to the wider public and even used in urban areas to combat high rent，and placed on roofs for studio space or living quarters.The Ecocapsule can serve as a cottage，a pop-up hotel or even as a charging station for electric cars.The Ecocapsules could even be quickly imported for housing for emergency teams who have been quickly deployed to help with natural disasters that have destroyed nearby infrastructure.Described by the website as a “Swiss Army knife” it packs everything you need，the self-contained unit can sustain long periods of time without external resources.The 86 sqft pods are able to sleep two people for up to a year and for those worried about a cold nights sleep，the Ecocapsule has a thick layer of efficient heat isolation and energy restoration which significantly reduce heat loss.The pod is designed to withstand harsh weather conditions due to its innovative design and materials used.No wonder the Nice Architects are so confident about its prospect and the producers are receiving heavy orders.【语篇解读】本文是一篇产品说明文，主要介绍了一种便携式产品Ecocapsule的功能、设计原理、大小、技术构造等情况。该产品配有太阳能电池板和可伸缩的风力发电涡轮机为其提供电能，可以让两人同时入住，有良好的隔热保暖效果。9Where does the Ecocapsule get power?AFrom solar panels and a retractable wind turbine.BFrom a portable battery.CFrom an electric generator.DFrom its shower.A考查细节理解。根据第二段第一句可知，看起来就如科幻电影中的某种东西一样，该产品里装着太阳能电池板和可伸缩的风力发电涡轮机，它们能为其提供电能。据此可知，该产品由太阳能电池板和风力发电涡轮机提供能源，故A项正确。10Whom may be the Ecocapsule initially designed for?ACampers.BOffice ladies.CField biologists.DHomeless people.C考查细节理解。根据第四段第一句中的“they initially designed them for people who stay in the nature for a long time”可知，该产品是为长期待在野外的人设计的，C项意为“野外生物学家”，故C项正确。11Why dont the Ecocapsules users worry about coldness during their nights sleep?ABecause there is a retractable wind turbine in it.BBecause it has an air conditioner in it.CBecause it is a self-contained unit.DBecause it is equipped with a thick layer to reduce heat loss.D考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“for those worried about a cold nights sleep，the Ecocapsule has a thick layer of efficient heat isolation and energy restoration which significantly reduce heat loss”可知，对于那些担心夜晚寒冷的人来说，该产品有一层厚的高效隔热和能量恢复层，可以有效减少热量损失。故D项正确。12How do the designers view the Ecocapsules future market?ANegative.BOptimistic.CWorried.DDoubtful.B考查观点态度。根据文章最后一句“No wonder the Nice Architects are so confident about its prospect and the producers are receiving heavy orders”可知，Nice Architects对该产品很自信，生产商也收到了大量的订单；结合本文描述的该产品的功能和高科技特点等可以判断，该产品设计者对此产品的市场前景持积极的态度，故B项正确。6