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第1讲应用文一电子邮件 英文电子邮件与英文书信的写法和格式大体相同，但也有不同之处。英文电子邮件一般由以下五部分组成：1标题栏 这是英文书信中没有的。标题栏中有“收件人”“抄送”和“主题”三个框。在“收件人”框中填写收件人的电子邮件地址。如要将邮件同时发送给多人，可在“抄送”框中填入其他人的电子邮件地址。在“主题”框中简要地概括邮件的内容，可以用一个单词，如Greetings(问候)，也可以用短语，如Personal information(个人情况)，还可以是一个内容完整但语言简短的句子。2称呼语 如果是同学或亲朋好友间的邮件，可以直呼其名，如Mike；但如果是发给老师、长辈或上级，最好在称呼前加上称谓或职位。职位可用Doctor, Professor等，如Professor Li。男性用Mr; 女性用Miss(未婚), Mrs(已婚), Ms(不知婚否)。3正文大多数电子邮件篇幅短小，语言简单明了。如果是写给不熟悉的人，一般要先进行自我介绍；反之，则可直接进入正题。要多使用短句、简单句，少用或不用长句。一是便于阅读，再者使意思清楚。如果内容很长，可就重点部分做些介绍，而把详细内容以“附件”的形式发出。4结尾客套语英文书信的信尾客套语常用“Best wishes！”“Good luck to you！”等，而电子邮件通常很简明，如Best, Thanks, Yours等。5落款直接写发件人的姓名即可，且与客套语对齐。1段首常用语(1)Thank you for your letter of Dec. 15th . (2)Im glad/pleased to tell you that . (3)I am very glad to have received the letter you sent me two weeks ago.(4)Thanks for your invitation to the Christmas party.(5)How are you getting along with your study?2话题引入常用语(1)Im glad to tell you something about . (2)As far as I know/am concerned/can see . 3段尾常用语(1)Please write to me soon and tell me about your . (2)Im looking forward to your reply.(3)With kind/best regards/wishes.(4)A prompt reply would be greatly appreciated.4电子邮件格式样例 假定你是李华，正在教你的英国朋友Leslie学习汉语。请你写封邮件告知下次上课的计划。内容包括： 1.时间和地点； 2.内容：学习唐诗； 3.课前准备：简要了解唐朝的历史。注意： 1.词数100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 审题谋篇通思路本题要求考生以李华的身份写一封电子邮件告知正在学习汉语的英国朋友Leslie下次上课的计划。可分为三段来写：第一段：表达问候，说明写信的目的详细告诉一些事情。第二段：介绍下次上课的时间和地点；内容是学习唐诗；需要做的课前准备是简要了解唐朝的历史。第三段：希望早点收到回复。修订提升争高分Dear Leslie，How is everything getting along with you? Im writing to tell you something in detail.To start with, I intend to stress that we are going to start our next lesson in Classroom 8 of the Teaching Building at 10 am next Friday.(用what引导的名词性从句改写：1.To_start_with,_what_I_intend_to_stress_is_that_we_are_going_to_start_our_next_lesson_in_Classroom_8_of_the_Teaching_Building_at_10_am_next_Friday.)(添加过渡性词语：2.Whats_more/Besides/In_addition/Moreover), in order to have much knowledge of Chinese culture, it is of importance for you to be aware of the content, Tang poetry. There is no doubt that you are supposed to know about the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance and it will make the class go smoothly. (用含which引导的定语从句的复合句改写：3.There_is_no_doubt_that_you_are_supposed_to_know_about_the_history_of_the_Tang_Dynasty_in_advance,_which_will_make_the_class_go_smoothly.)Id appreciate it if you could reply to my letter at your earliest convenience.Yours，Li Hua应用文二建议信建议信是写信人向收信人对某事提出的建议和忠告。建议信可以是写给个人，也可以是写给某个组织或机构。信的内容要包括写信的原因、建议的内容、提出建议的理由。建议信要写得简明扼要、目的明确、具有合理性和说服力。具体写作步骤一般是“三段式”，通常以firstly, secondly, thirdly或to begin/start with, then, later, last but not least等依次陈述建议，具体为：第一段：表明写作意图。陈述事由，简单介绍自己，注意语气。第二段：应该首先肯定对方的优点，然后指出需要改进的地方或针对具体情况提出具体的建议或忠告。注意千万不要让对方认为是在投诉，而不是在提建议。第三段：对提出的建议进行总结。要注意有礼貌，使对方容易接受。1段首常用语(1)I am writing to express my views concerning . (2)You have asked for my advice about . and I will try to make some suggestions.2表达建议常用语(1)I think the most suitable . for you is . (2)I would like to suggest that . (3)Youd better . /Its better to . (4)As far as I am concerned . /In my opinion . (5)For one thing . ; for another . (6)If I were you, I would . (7)It seems to me that you could . 3段尾常用语(1)I think it would be more beneficial if you could . (2)I believe you will take my advice into account/consideration.(3)I hope you will find these proposals/suggestions practical/useful/helpful.(4)I will be more than happy to see improvements in this regard.(5)I will be ready to discuss this matter in further detail.4建议信格式模板Dear _，I am _. Your suggestions on _ are _. As is known to all, _. My suggestions are as follows：Firstly, _. (People can _.)Secondly, _. (To make economic profits, _.)Thirdly, _. (Many of them _.)I hope you will find these proposals useful, and I would be ready to discuss this matter with you further./Your kind consideration of my suggestions will be highly appreciated.Good luck with your _.Yours sincerely，Li Ming假定你是李华，你的好友王芳喜欢打排球，但老师和家长都极力劝她放弃打排球，全身心投入高考。为此，她非常纠结和郁闷。请你给她写一封建议信，帮她解决这个困扰。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 审题谋篇通思路本文要求考生以李华的身份给好友王芳写信，帮助她解决关于“是否放弃打排球”的困扰。可分为三段来写：第一段：表示听到王芳的麻烦感到难过，表明自己很乐意给对方提出建议。第二段：提出三条建议：(1)理解老师和家长；(2)减少打排球的时间而不是彻底放弃；(3)合理安排时间，找到学习和爱好之间的平衡。第三段：表达祝愿。修订提升争高分Dear Wang Fang，I am sorry to hear that you are troubled by something. You are faced with a problem. And I am glad to give you some advice on it.(用定语从句合并为一句：1.And_I_am_glad_to_give_you_some_advice_on_the_problem_(that/which)_you_are_faced_with.) As you said, your teachers and parents suggest you give up playing volleyball so that youll have more time preparing for the College Entrance Examination.(添加过渡性词语：2.First/First_of_all), you should understand your teachers and parents, who just want the best for you. Second, I think you should reduce the time spent playing volleyball instead of giving it up. Third, you should arrange your time properly. As long as you can keep a balance between your study and hobby, your teachers and parents will surely not be against (用高级词汇替换：3.object_to) it.Best wishes!Yours，Li Hua应用文三申请信申请信有很多种，有求职申请信、加入某组织的申请信、报考申请信、学位申请信或留学申请信等。写申请信时要注意言简意赅，语气诚恳礼貌，要避免浮夸。如果是留学申请或奖学金申请，要注意提供以下信息：写明申请学校和专业，介绍个人履历，索取对方学校相关信息，附上个人经历等材料。申请信一般都包括以下几个部分：申请的原因，具备的条件，恳请所申请单位考虑自己的申请并表示谢意，期望回复。具体为：第一段：说明写信的目的，介绍自己的身份，对所申请职位或学位的单位或院校的了解以及自己将会为对方所作的贡献，信息的来源等，这一段要写得简短而又能吸引收信人的注意力。第二段：介绍自己的学历或工作经历，本人的个性，已经取得的成绩，说明为何对这一职位或学校感兴趣以及对未来的打算等。第三段：表示感谢和期待对方优先考虑自己的申请，以求得面试等机会。这段尤其要注意语气应礼貌、自信。1说明应聘原因常用语(1)I learned from sb./the newspaper that your company wanted to hire . (2)I was told that . (3)I have just read in the newspaper that . (4)I am writing to inquire opportunities for . 2介绍个人简历和优势常用语(1)Now Id like to introduce myself to you.(2)My name is . .Im . years old. Im . cm tall.(3)I graduated from . University in 2003.(4)I like swimming, singing and dancing in my spare time.(5)I work hard and I can get along/on well with others.(6)Im good at English and my spoken English is fairly good.(7)I can understand Japanese and I can talk to foreigners in Japanese freely.(8)I am currently studying . (9)I would be interested in . (10)My main specialty is . 3表示感谢，表达决心，请求答复并提供联系方式常用语(1)Thank you very much.(2)Thank you for your consideration of my application.(3)If you agree with me, Ill work hard and try to be a(n) . (4)I am available for an interview . (5)I look forward to hearing from you.(6)If you agree with me, please write a letter to me or phone me. I live at . (7)My telephone number is . 4申请信格式模板Dear Sir/Madam，I am writing this letter to apply for the position that you have advertised in _ (报纸名称) of _ (广告发布时间)I am _ from _. As a(n) _， I have been _. Besides, I won _ in _. If you consider me an appropriate candidate for the job, please call me at _.I would appreciate it very much if you could give me an early reply./Thank you for considering my application, and I am looking forward to meeting you.Yours sincerely，Li Ming假定你是李华，请用英文写一封申请信，申请作为“志愿家庭”接待来你校交换学习的英国中学生Johnson，内容包括：1.自我介绍；2.家庭条件及个人优势；3.安排英国朋友参加的活动。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：接待家庭host family 审题谋篇通思路本题要求考生以李华的身份申请作为“志愿家庭”接待来你校交换学习的英国中学生Johnson。可分为三段来写：第一段：表达自己申请成为“志愿家庭”的愿望。第二段：介绍自己家所具备的条件，如父母友好、家的位置便利、自己英语好、便于交流等。第三段：再次表达自己的申请愿望，恳请对方考虑自己的申请并表示感谢。修订提升争高分Dear Sir/Madam，I sincerely hope my family can have the honor to be a host family.My parents are caring and friendly. Our home is next to the city center, so easy shopping access and convenient transportation are available. (改写为定语从句：1.Our_home_is_next_to_the_city_center_where_easy_shopping_access_and_convenient_transportation_are_available.) We can offer one separate room for the student. I have a good command of English. It makes it possible for me to communicate with foreigners freely in daily life. (合并为一个简单句：2.My_good_command_of_English_makes_it_possible_for_me_to_communicate_with_foreigners_freely_in_daily_life.) So I am convinced that I will be a qualified host. If given the chance, Ill invite our guest to join in my family gettogether. Besides, we can show him around the city and get him to know more about the real life and culture of China. (改为含有现在分词短语的句子：3.Besides,_we_can_show_him_around_the_city,_getting_him_to_know_more_about_the_real_life_and_culture_in_China.)In a word, Im eager to provide an impressive trip for the foreign friend. I hope you can take my application into consideration. Thank you in advance.Yours sincerely，Li Hua应用文四邀请信邀请信是写信人对收信人的一种盛情邀约，一般分为正式和非正式两种，格式与其他信函相同。具体写作步骤如下：第一段：说明写作意图。第二段：具体交代情景，包括受邀请的人、邀请收信人要做什么、地点以及具体的时间等内容，并且强调受邀人参加的理由。第三段：表示期待收信人的回复。1段首常用语(1)I am writing to invite you to . (2)I think it would be a great idea if you could participate in . (3)I wonder if you can come . (4)How would you like to join us in .?2段尾常用语(1)Would you please drop me a line to let me know if you can come to .?(2)My family and I would feel very honoured if you could come.(3)We would be looking forward to your coming with great pleasure.(4)I would like to meet you there and please let me know your decision soon.3邀请信格式模板Dear _，How is everything with you? I am writing to tell you that there will be a(n) _ (内容) at/in _ (地点) on _ (时间). We would be honoured to have you there with us.The occasion will start at _ (具体时间). This will be followed by a(n) _ (进一步的安排). At around _ (时间), _ (另一个安排)Ring me up and tell me whether you will come or not, will you? I really hope you can make it. My phone number is _.Looking forward to _.Yours sincerely，Li Ming假定你是李华，想邀请外教Henry一起参观中国剪纸(papercutting)艺术展。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：1.展览时间、地点；2.展览内容。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 审题谋篇通思路本题要求考生以李华的身份邀请外教Henry来看中国剪纸展览。可分为四段：第一段：介绍写信的目的邀请外教Henry来看中国的剪纸艺术展。第二段：介绍这次展览的时间、地点和内容。第三段：请收信人对发出的邀请做出反馈如果感兴趣，请给我发邮件。第四段：表示期盼。修订提升争高分Dear Henry，Im Li Hua. Im writing to invite you to see the Chinese papercutting exhibition. It is a Chinese folk art with a long history.The exhibition will be held in the City Museum, starting from June 16th and lasting for more than a week. A large number of papercut works by experts throughout China will be on show, and some of them are made by famous artists. (改为定语从句：1.A_large_number_of_papercut_works_by_experts_throughout_China_will_be_on_show,_some_of_which_are_made_by_famous_artists.) The paper cuts are about different (用高级词汇替换：2.various) things. When we visit the exhibition (用非谓语动词改写：3.Visiting_the_exhibition), we will not only enjoy the folk art works, but also learn a lot.If youre interested in the Chinese folk art, please email me. We can visit the exhibition any day.Looking forward to your reply.Yours，Li Hua应用文五求助信求助信是针对自己遇到的问题，向别人寻求帮助的信件。一般分三部分：(1)开头部分：先进行问候，然后说明写信的目的；(2)主体部分：详细说明自己所遇到的困难并请求帮助；(3)结尾部分：表示感谢和期盼之情。1开头部分常用语(1)My name is . Im writing to ask for some help.(2)I have met much difficulty in learning English.(3)Faced with so much difficulty, I have to turn to you for help.(4)I wonder whether/if you could do me a favor . (5)In the meanwhile/At the same time, I beg you to . so that . Also, I would like you to . (6)I would like you to introduce some good ways to learn grammar.2结尾部分常用语(1)Im sure with your help I can make great progress.(2)I will appreciate any of your help.3求助信格式模板Dear _，My name is _ (自我介绍). Im writing to you to ask for some help. I have met much difficulty in _ (求助内容). First, I find _ (困难1). Besides, _ (困难2). Whats more, _ (困难3)Faced with so much difficulty, I have to turn to you for some help. Would you like to _ (委婉提出请求1)? In the meanwhile, I beg you to _ (请求内容2) so that _ (请求目的). Also, I would like you to _ (请求内容3)Im sure that I can make great progress in _ (表达期待)Yours sincerely，Li Hua假定你是高中生李华，你们学校要在三月十日举办英语配音比赛(dubbing contest)，你想参赛，但是不知道该选什么电影。你给笔友Peter写封邮件，请他推荐。比赛要求：1.主题是关于友谊；2.时间限定在4到5分钟；3.每个节目最多6个角色。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 审题谋篇通思路本题要求考生以李华的身份向Peter写信求助，想参加配音比赛，却不知该选什么电影。所以请Peter推荐合适的电影。正文可分为三段来写：第一段：问候对方并交代写信的目的求助。第二段：说明自己遇到的具体困难想参加配音比赛，但是不知道选择哪部电影合适，所以求推荐。第三段：表示感谢和期盼之情。修订提升争高分Dear Peter，How is everything going? I am writing to you, hoping to seek help. (用in the hope of改写： 1.I_am_writing_to_you_in_the_hope_of_seeking_help.)Our school will hold an English dubbing contest on March 10th. I am eager to have a try. However, I dont know which film is suitable. (改写为并列句：2.I_am_eager_to_have_a_try_but_I_dont_know_which_film_is_suitable.)As a movie fan，would you be so kind as to give me some recommendations? According to the requirements, the theme should be about friendship. And each video may last 4 to 5 minutes. (添加过渡性词语：3.Whats_more/In_addition/Moreover/Besides), there should not be more than six characters in each video.I would really appreciate it if you could do me the favor. Looking forward to your reply.Yours，Li Hua应用文六道歉信道歉信通常是在因自己的过失或疏忽给别人带来了麻烦或损失并发觉的情况下，为了向对方表示歉意而写的信件。具体写作结构如下：第一部分：表明写作意图，对某事表示歉意。第二部分：说明道歉的具体原因并做出解释。第三部分：再次表明歉意，请求谅解，并提出弥补措施。1开头部分常用语(1)I am writing this letter to apologize to you for . (2)I would like to express my deepest apology/regret for not being able to/my failing to . (3)I remember we planned to . but now because . I cannot . with you as planned.(4)I must apologize for any inconvenience it may have caused you.(5)I am very sorry for my not being able to . due to the fact that . (6)I regret to inform you that I can not/am unable to . (7)I must make a sincere and humble apology to you for . 2结尾部分常用语(1)Please allow me to say sorry again.(2)Will you please accept my apology?(3)With apologies once again./With many apologies.(4)Please accept my sincere apology for . once more.(5)I sincerely hope that you will kindly accept my apologies.3道歉信格式模板Dear _，I am terribly sorry to tell you that _ (陈述需道歉的事由). Now I am writing you this letter of apology to show my deep regret.I hope you will understand me and excuse me for _ (请求对方原谅的事由). The reason for my delay/absence was/is that _ (解释过失的原因). Therefore its not in my power to _ (过失导致的结果)I sincerely hope that you can accept my apology and understand it. I would appreciate your allowing me to _ (提出弥补措施). Once again, Im sorry for any inconvenience caused by me.Yours sincerely，Li Hua假定你是李华，与留学生朋友Bob约好一起去书店，因故不能赴约。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：1.表示歉意；2.说明原因；3.另约时间。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 审题谋篇通思路本题要求考生以李华的身份写一封因为不能按时赴约而向朋友Bob表示道歉的邮件，可分为三段来写：第一段：表达问候，然后说明写信的原因为不能和朋友一起去书店而道歉。第二段：解释不能去的原因忙于准备即将到来的期末考试。第三段：再次希望对方接受自己的道歉，并提出另约时间的建议(用商量的语气提出)。修订提升争高分Dear Bob，How is everything going? Im writing to express my regret for being unable to go to the bookstore with you next weekend. (用for引导的并列句改写：1.Im_writing_to_express_my_regret,_for_I_wont_be_able_to_go_to_the_bookstore_with_you_next_weekend.) I feel terribly sorry about it and want you to know what happened.My final exam will be held in two weeks and it makes me worried. (用what引导的名词性从句改写：2.What_makes_me_worried_is_my_final_exam_which/that_will_be_held_in_two_weeks.) So I have to make preparations for it at that time. I appreciate that you understand the importance of the exam and I must try my best (用高级词汇替换：3.spare_no_effort) to do well in my final exam if possible.I sincerely hope you can accept my apologies and understand my situation. Could we make another appointment to go to the bookstore together? Please let me know what time is OK for you. Looking forward to your reply.Yours，Li Hua应用文七投诉信在生活中，人们经常会遇到一些令人烦心的事情，比如消费权益受损、正常生活和工作受到干扰等，此时写投诉信不失为一个解决问题的办法。投诉信通常包括以下几个方面的内容：说明投诉的原因并表示遗憾；实事求是地阐述问题发生的经过，切记不要夸大其词；指出问题引起的后果；提出批评及处理的建议或敦促对方采取措施，或者提出期望的赔偿以及补救方式。组织提纲时要遵循“三步走”的写作规律：第一段：表明来信所要投诉的问题，尽可能做到客观、礼貌，给读信人留下好印象。应该记住读信人不一定就是犯错误的责任人，他的合作对事情的最终圆满解决有着非常重要的作用。第二段：写明投诉的原因、问题的经过及产生的后果。可以说具体的理由，也可以说问题的具体体现方式。第三段：提出解决方案，不需展开。这段应体现书信的礼貌原则，可以用类似“如果你能，我将十分感激”这样的表达方式，还要注意做到客观、公正。1段首常用语(1)I am writing to make a complaint about . (2)I am most reluctant to complain, but . (3)One annoying aspect of your service is . (4)I have been pleased with your service for years, but now I feel very disappointed.(5)I would like to draw your attention to the problem/fault . (6)I am writing to inform you that I find . unsatisfactory.(7)I wish to express my dissatisfaction/disappointment about . 2段尾常用语(1)It would be highly appreciated if you could . (2)I believe you will take my complaints seriously and . (3)I hope you will give due attention to this matter.(4)I would like to get this matter settled by the end of this month.(5)I would not be more satisfied if you could kindly . (6)I would appreciate it very much if you could . 3投诉信格式模板Dear _，I am _ (自我介绍). I feel bad to trouble you but I am afraid that I have to make a complaint about _ (投诉的事情)The reason for my dissatisfaction is _ (总体介绍). In the first place, _ (抱怨的第一个方面). In addition, _ (抱怨的第二个方面). Under these circumstances, I find it _ (感觉) to _ (被投诉的事情给自己带来的消极影响)I would appreciate it very much if you could _ (提出建议和请求), preferably _ (进一步的要求), and I would like to have this matter settled by _ (设定解决事情的最后期限)Thank you for your consideration and I will be looking forward to your reply.Yours sincerely，_假设你是李华，两周前你从网上订购了一套英语书虫系列读物(Bookworm Series)，昨天才收到货，且包装破损、数量不足。请就此向网站客服写封邮件投诉。要点如下：1.介绍购物情况；2.反映存在问题；3.提出解决方案。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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