2019年高考英语 考纲解读与热点难点突破 专题19 去伪存真短文改错教学案

专题19 去伪存真 短文改错题型一 、词法类错误 【题型特点】一、动词时态和语态误用 1查时态是否一致 动词时态的分析主要从两个角度入手：动作与时间。在解题过程中，要着重分析动作是“正在进行、完成或经常性”，时间是“现在、过去或将来”，由此确定时态。短文改错的首句或相关句也往往起提示作用，且特别注意一些不规则动词的形式：burn(burnt)，learn(learnt/learned)，build( built)，pay(paid)，feel(felt)，catch(caught)，hold( held)，shoot(shot)，eat( ate)，ride (rode)，ring(rang)，sing(sang)，sink( sank)等。2查语态是否正确 动词的语态主要分析句子主语与谓语动词之间的关系，且特别注意有关语态的一些特殊现象，如be worth doing(无被动形式)，不定式主动形式表被动含义，need/want/require doing(to be done)。二、非谓语动词形式误用1辨别谓语与非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词，若再出现动词，又没有连词，就应注意考虑非谓语动词形式。再根据其在句中所作成分以及逻辑关系，来判断其形式是否正确。 2作主语或宾语不能用动词原形，要改为动名词形式。牢记只能接动名词作宾语的动词。 3掌握介宾标志。介词后面一般需要跟名词或动名词，高考短文改错对介词的判定以及动名词的使用问题则是“常客”。以下短语中to为介词：be/get/become used to(习惯于)，be addicted to，devote.to.，be engaged to，pay attention to，look forward to，stick to，when it comes to.等。4注意动词不定式符号to的多余或缺失。牢记动词不定式的基本用法和习惯搭配，分清不定式与其他非谓语动词形式的区别。 5分清现在分词与过去分词的区别。根据非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间的关系来确定用现在分词还是过去分词。三、形容词和副词误用1.明确形容词、副词的句法功能 形容词用来修饰名词，或者放在系动词后面构成系表结构或者用在宾语后作宾语补足语；副词用来修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子作状语。 2.掌握形容词、副词的级 表示同级比较时，用as.as原级形式；表示两者之间的比较(标志词than)用比较级；表示三者或以上的比较用最高级。需要特别注意必须避免比较级的重复使用问题。例如：She is more taller than I本句中taller本身即是比较级形式，故应该删去more或者改为much。3牢记同源副词的用法 在同源副词中，一种副词与其形容词同形，另一种副词是在形容词后加-ly。和形容词同形的副词往往表示具体含义，加-ly的副词多表示抽象意义，有时候甚至完全不同。例如：close“接近地”；closely“紧密地；亲近地；严密地”。四、名词和冠词误用1区别可数名词与不可数名词 根据名词的修饰词以及谓语动词的形式来判定名词是否可数。同时要特别关注“抽象名词具体化”这一词法 现象。surprise 惊讶 a surprise一件(个)令人惊讶的事(消息等) success 成功 a success一个(件)成功的人/事 danger 危险 a danger一个(件)危险的人物/事 failure 失败 a failure一件(个)失败的事/人 honor 荣誉 an honor一个(件)引以为荣的人(事) disappointment 失望 a disappointment一件(个)失望的事(人) 2.冠词的运用(1)以辅音音素开头的单词前面用不定冠词a；以元音音素开头的单词前面用不定冠词an。(2)常用固定搭配必须牢记。例如：all of a sudden，in a hurry，pay a visit to，by the way，in a word，to tell the truth，by accident，as a result，in a way，on the whole，at present，in peace，in advance，by accident，on purpose，by chance，ahead of time等。五、介词误用“三看”选介词1看介词的意义是否通顺 多注意介词用法的积累，如表示“具体某一天、某一天的上下午或晚上”用介词on；表示“几点钟”用介词at；表示“月份或者年”用介词in。 2看介词的搭配是否符合习惯 常考介词搭配，如at night，be good at，do well in，devote.to.，set out for，leave for，insist on，search for，be famous for，at the age of，shoot at，with the help of，focus ones attention on，be buried in，get married to等。3看相似介词的区别是否清晰 例如：between表示“在两者之间”，among表示“在三者或三者以上之间”；besides表示“除了之外还有”，except表示“除之外”。词法错误“三要” 1对重要词类的功能用法要做到熟练掌握。高考短文改错在词法类角度主要涉及名词(单复数、可数与不可数)，动词(时态和语态、非谓语动词、情态动词)，形容词和副词(词类误用、原级、比较级和最高级)，介词和冠词搭配等内容。考生对以上词类的用法、相关语法内容要做到心中有数。2要特别关注改正词的拼写。在改正过程中尤其注意改正词的拼写和选择，如形容词、副词的比较级和最高级形式是否需要双写最后一个字母，是用不定冠词a还是an，某个名词的复数形式是加s还是es，某个形容词改为副词时，是去掉最后一个字母再加ly还是直接加ly等。3对出题点要做到心中有数。解决词法类错误的关键在于熟练掌握相关词类的易考点。考生要熟知短文改错的出题点，对实虚词的考查角度了如指掌。如动词的时态与语态、非谓语动词、形容词与副词的误用、介词搭配等问题几乎是每年高考的“必备餐”，考生只有熟悉这些出题点，在解答短文改错的过程中牢牢抓住这条“思维线”，问题就会迎刃而解。例1、(2018全国)During my last winter holiday，I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents.I find a big change there.The first time I went there，they were living in a small house with dogs，ducks，and another animals.Last winter when I went here again，they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken.They also had a small pond which they raised fish.My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish.I felt happily that their life had improved.At the end of our trip，I told my father that I planned to return for every two years，but he agreed.答案：During my last winter holiday，I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents.I a big change there.The first time I went there，they were living in a small house with dogs，ducks，and animals.Last winter when I went again，they had a big separate house to raise dozens of .They also had a small pond they raised fish.My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by the fish.I felt that their life had improved.At the end of our trip，I told my father that I planned to return for every two years， he agreed.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的爷爷奶奶生活的巨大变化。4.解析：herethere词法错误。去乡下看望爷爷奶奶，应该是“远指”而非“近指”，故用there。5.解析：chickenchickens词法错误。dozens of许多，修饰可数名词复数。6.解析：whichwhere/在which前面加in句法错误。pond是表示地点的名词，后面的定语从句主、谓、宾成分齐全，故用where或“介词which”引导定语从句；表达“在池塘里”用介词in。7.解析：sellselling词法错误。by是介词，后接动词时要用其动名词形式。8.解析：happilyhappy词法错误。feel此处是连系动词，后接形容词作表语。9.解析：去掉for词法错误。every two years是时间状语，可独立使用，不需要介词。解析：butand行文逻辑错误。“每两年回乡下的爷爷奶奶家一次”与“他同意”是顺承关系，故用并列连词and。【变式探究】 (2017全国)In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday，I took driving lessons.I still remember how hard first day was.Before getting into the car，I thought I had learned the instructors orders，so once I started the car，my mind goes blank.I forgot what he had said to me altogether.The instructor kept repeating the word，“Speed up！” “Slow down！” “Turning left！” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left.A few minutes late，the instructor asked me to stop the car.It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.答案：In the summer holiday following my birthday，I took driving lessons.I still remember how hard first day was.Before getting into the car，I thought I had learned the instructors orders， once I started the car，my mind blank.I forgot what he had said to me altogether.The instructor kept repeating the ，“Speed up！” “Slow down！” “ left！” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left.A few minutes ，the instructor asked me to stop the car.It was a relief and I came to a stop just in the middle the road.4.解析：goes改为went。考查时态。本文讲述作者18岁生日后的那个暑假发生的事情，且通篇以过去时为主。此处应用一般过去时，故把goes改为went。5.解析：word改为words。考查名词的数。根据下文可知，教练发出了很多指令，故用word的复数形式words。6.解析：Turning改为Turn。考查谓语动词。此处为祈使句，并和上文中的“Speed up”和“Slow down”并列，故改为动词原形Turn。7.解析：删除so后的much。考查固定句型。此处含有“so.that.”引导的结果状语从句，句中的much多余，故删除。8.解析：late改为later。考查副词。late意为“迟，晚”。“一段时间later”表示“一段时间之后”，故把late改为later。9.解析：suddenly改为sudden。考查形容词。该句中的名词stop应用形容词修饰，所以把suddenly改为sudden。10.解析：on改为of。考查固定搭配。in the middle of意为“在的中间”，故把on改为of。【变式探究】(2016全国) My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.Though not very big，but the restaurant is popular in our area.It is always crowded with customers at meal times.Some people even had to wait outside.My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking.My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time.Instead，he hopes that our business will grow steady.答案：My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to I live.Though not very big，but the restaurant is popular in our area.It is always crowded with customers at meal times.Some people even to wait outside.My uncle tells me that the key to his success is .Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables high quality oil are for cooking.My uncle says that he never dreamsbecoming rich in short period of time.Instead，he hopes that business will grow .4.解析：honesthonesty。考查名词。根据语境“我叔叔告诉我他成功的关键在于诚实”可知，此处该用名词形式作表语。5.解析：orand。考查并列连词。根据语境可知，此处不是表示选择关系，而是表示“新鲜的蔬菜和优质的油”，故把or改为and。6.解析：usingused。考查被动语态。fresh vegetables和high quality oil与use之间存在被动关系，故用被动语态。7.解析：becoming前加of。考查介词。dream of doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“梦想做某事”。8.解析：thea。考查冠词。此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词a，in a short period of time意为“短期内”。9.解析：ourhis。考查代词。由语境及主语he可知，此处指的是叔叔的生意，故将our改为his才合乎语境。10.解析：steadysteadily。考查副词。修饰动词grow该用副词，所以应用steady的副词形式steadily。【举一反三】(2016浙江卷)When I was a very young children，my father created a regular practice I remember well years late.Every time he arrived home at end of the day，wed greet her at the door.He would ask who we was and pretend not to knowing us.Then he and my mother would have had a drink while she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and hers.While they chat，my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge.It was both excited and frightening to be up there！My sister and I thought he was so cool for putting us there.答案：When I was a very young ，my father created a regular practice I remember well years .Every time he arrived home at end of the day，wed greet at the door.He would ask who we and pretend not to us.Then he and my mother would have had a drink while she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and hers.While they ，my father would lift my sister and me up to sit the top of the fridge.It was both and frightening to be up there! My sister and I thought he was so cool for putting us there.4.解析：her改为him。考查代词。根据上文的he可知，此处应改为him。5.解析：was改为were。考查主谓一致。根据we可知，谓语动词应该用复数形式，故改为were。6.解析：knowing改为know。考查动词。pretend (not) to do sth.“假装(不)做某事”，此处是不定式，后面需要用动词原形，故改为know。7.解析：去掉had。考查动词。根据语境和下文的“would talk”可知，此处应该用would do结构。8.解析：chat改为chatted。考查时态。根据全文的整体时态可知，应用一般过去时，故改为chatted。9.解析：in改为on。考查介词。on the top of是固定词组，表示“在上面”。10.解析：excited改为exciting。考查形容词。根据语境和主语It可知，此处表示“令人激动的”，故用ing形式的形容词。题型二、句法类错误【题型特点】一、主谓一致误用1判定主语和谓语是解题的关键 要解决主谓一致问题，判定主语是先决条件。either.or，neither.nor，not.but，not only.but also，or等连接的并列主语，谓语动词与靠近的那个名词或代词保持一致；倒装句和there be句型中，谓语动词与后面的第一个主语保持一致；定语从句中，关系代词作主语，谓语动词与它所指代的先行词保持一致；强调句中，连接代词在句中作主语，这时它应与被强调的主语保持一致。2掌握主谓一致的常考点 主语与谓语动词之间插入along with，with，as well as，together with，except，but，including时，谓语动词不受这些插入语的干扰，依然和主语保持一致。 从句、不定式、动名词等作主语时谓语动词一律视作一个整体，谓语动词用单数；两个以上的名词组成一个整体概念作主语时，谓语动词须用单数。 表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，通常被视作一个整体，谓语动词用单数。二、定语从句和名词性从句误用1确定从句类型、搞清句子结构是关键 定语从句中关系代词(副词)的选择和名词性从句中引导词的选择取决于句子缺少何种成分和意义是否完整。此时需要从分析句子结构入手，同时掌握关系代词(副词)和引导词在句中的句法功能。which可引导非限制性定语从句，代表主句的内容；where在定语从句中充当(抽象)地点状语；what在名词性从句中可充当主语、宾语等。2重点关注定语从句与名词性从句中的易考点 that不能引导非限制性定语从句； that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，没有含义，只能在宾语从句中省略； 名词性从句中，if只能引导宾语从句，但whether可引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句； that在同位语从句中不充当成分，没有含义，一般不能省略，但在定语从句中可充当主语和宾语，且充当宾语时可省略。 what是连接代词，引导名词性从句并在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。三、强调句型、虚拟语气和特殊句式误用1掌握强调句型的基本结构及其用法 强调句型的基本结构为“Its.that/who”判定标准在于去掉基本结构后，剩余部分仍然逻辑完整，使用that可强调人或物，who只能用于强调人。 2分辨虚拟语气的情境 “句意”是判断是否为虚拟语气的重要一环，解答这类问题要重点考虑时间、主从句结构两个方面。 3关注特殊句式的易错点 There be结构的含义及be动词的选择、倒装句中助动词的选择和时态的运用、省略句中动词形式的运用以及祈使句中句首为动词原形，后半句往往用将来时等需考生重点关注。句法错误“两不要” 1以“语法分析”为依据，不要“茫无头绪”。高考短文改错句法类错误主要涉及复合句、主谓一致、特殊句式等内容，具体有： 关系代词/副词和引导词的使用；主谓搭配是否一致；特殊句容中助动词和时态的使用； there be结构中系动词be的选择以及there be结构have/has的重复使用；强调句式的使用。2以句子为单位，不要“一叶障目”。在解答句法类错误的时候，切勿过多关注某一个或几个单词，而是应该首先从整体上判断句子所表达的含义，然后摸清所使用的句式结构、语法现象等问题，做到“从整体理解到局部分析”，如同“一览众山小”。例1、(2018全国)When I was little，Fridays night was our family game night.After supper，we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room.As the kid，I loved to watch cartoons，but no matter how many times I asked to watching them，my parents would not to let me.They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain.Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes.I didnt realize how right my parents are until I entered high school.The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.答案：When I was little， night was our family game night.After supper，we would play card games of all in the sitting room.As kid，I loved to watch cartoons，but no matter how many times I asked to them，my parents would not to let me.They would say to that playing card games would help my brain.Still I unwilling to play the games them sometimes.I didnt realize how right my parents until I entered high school.The games my parents taught me I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候父母不愿意让他看动画片，而是鼓励他参与玩纸牌游戏的故事。6.解析：usme词法错误。根据行文逻辑可知，此处说的是“我”的事情，所以用对应的宾格代词me作介词to的宾语。7.解析：在I后面加was句法错误。be unwilling to do sth.不愿意做某事。此处说的是过去的事情，主语是I，所以连系动词用was。8.解析：forwith词法错误。for为了，表示目的，而此处表示“和某人一起玩某物”，故用play sth.with sb.。9.解析：arewere句法错误。根据主句的谓语didnt realize和until引导的时间状语从句的谓语entered可知，此处说的是过去的事情，所以are应改为were。解析：wherewhen句法错误。I was a child表示的是时间而非地点，故应用when引导时间状语从句。 【变式探究】(2017全国)Mr.and Mrs.Zhang all work in our school.They live far from the school，and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.In their spare time，they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden，that is on the rooftop of their house.They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together.They have also bought for some gardening tools.Beside，they often get some useful informations from the Internet.When summer came，they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables!答案：Mr.and Mrs.Zhang work in our school.They live far from the school，and it takes them about hour and a half to go to work every day.In their spare time，they are in planting vegetables in their garden， is on the rooftop of their house.They often get up and water the vegetables together.They have also bought for some gardening tools.，they often get some useful from the Internet.When summer ，they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables!3.解析：interesting改为interested。考查形容词。因为是描述主语they的心理状态，所以使用interested“对感兴趣的”。4.解析：that改为which。考查关系代词。此处是非限制性定语从句，且关系代词在从句中作主语，指代上文的garden，所以用which来引导该定语从句。5.解析：earlier改为early。考查副词。此处没有比较的含义，所以用early的原级。6.解析：去掉for。考查介词。buy为及物动词，其后直接跟宾语，而buy sth. for sb.意为“为某人买某物”。7.解析：Beside改为Besides。考查副词。beside意为“在旁”，而besides意为“此外”。8.解析：informations改为information。考查名词。information为不可数名词，无复数形式。9.解析：came改为comes。考查动词时态。因为主句部分为一般将来时态，所以此处的时间状语从句应使用一般现在时表将来意义。10、解析：在students后加to。考查动词的固定用法。短语invite sb.to do sth.意为“邀请某人做某事”。【变式探究】(2016全国)The summer holiday is coming.My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday.We can chose between staying at home and take a trip.If we stay at home，it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money.But in that case，we will learn little about world.If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden your view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books.Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.I thought that it is a good idea.It does not cost many，yet we can still learn a lot.答案：The summer holiday is coming.My classmates and I are talking about to do during the holiday.We can between staying at home and a trip.If we stay at home，it is comfortable there is no need to spend money.But in that case，we will learn little about world.If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden view and gain we cannot get from books.Some classmates suggest we can/go to places of interest nearby.I that it is a good idea.It does not cost ，yet we can still learn a lot.4.解析：but改为and。考查连词。前后句之间为并列关系，故将but改为and。5.解析：在world前加the。考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处表示特指，故应用定冠词the。6.解析：your改为our。考查代词。因为句子的主语为“we”故此处用our。7.解析：knowledges改为knowledge。考查名词的数。knowledge为不可数名词，只能用单数形式。8.解析：删除can或将can改为should。考查虚拟语气。suggest意为“建议”时，其后的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should动词原形，should可以省略。9.解析：thought改为think。考查动词的时态。全文的时态均以一般现在时为主，故此处应用一般现在时。10. 解析：many改为much。考查代词。表示“钱”的多少时，要用much而不是many。【举一反三】It is Mothers Day today.Though its a western festival，its popular in China now.Mom has a fulltime job，so she has to do most of the houseworks.She is a great mother.Both Dad or I planned to do something on Mothers Day.We get up early in the morning.Dad cleaned the house，and then went on shopping.When he came back，I found a bunch of flowers in her hand.I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen.The dishes what I cooked were Moms favoritest.At dinner，we said to her，“Happy Mothers Day！”Mom was grateful and moving.答案：It is Mothers Day today.Though its a western festival，its popular in China now.Mom has a fulltime job， she has to do most of the .She is a great mother.Both Dad I planned to do something on Mothers Day.We up early in the morning.Dad cleaned the house，and then went on shopping.When he came back，I found a bunch of flowers in hand.I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen.The dishes what / I cooked were Moms .At dinner，we said to her，“Happy Mothers Day！”Mom was grateful and .4.解析：get改为got。本文讲述的是在母亲节发生过的事，所以用一般过去时。5.解析：去掉on。go shopping”购物”，是固定用法。go on doing sth.意为“继续做某事”，不符合语境。6.解析：her改为his。此处指父亲，所以用物主代词his。7.解析：kitchen前加the。此处特指”我”家的厨房，故加the。8.解析：what改为that/which或去掉what。根据句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，先行词为The dishes，关系词在从句中作动词cooked的宾语，所以用关系代词that/which引导，关系代词在从句中作宾语时也可以省略。9.解析：favoritest改为favorite。favorite作名词时，意为“特别喜爱的东西”，该词作形容词时没有比较级和最高级。分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词favorite。10.解析：moving改为moved。母亲既感激又感动。moved修饰人，moving修饰物，根据主语为Mom可知，要用moved。题型三、逻辑类错误【题型特点】一、连接词误用1重点关注句意的连贯性和逻辑性 解决短文改错中连接词类错误，要重点关注上下句(并列句)之间的逻辑关系，弄清楚句子与句子之间的内在联系。 句间无连词，增加连词。若两个句子之间没有句号、分号，又没有连词时，需要增加连词。 句间多连词，删除连词。一些受汉语影响的错误，如although/though.but，because/since/as.so等，一般删除后面的连词but和so。 遇到连词需考虑是否用错。常见的如or，but，and等。2掌握常用连接词的含义和用法 and“和、而且”，表递进、并列或顺承关系；but“但是”，表转折关系；or“或者、否则”，表选择或结果。 not only.but also.“不仅而且”both.and.“和两者都”；not.but.“不是而是”。 either.or.“或者或者”；neither.nor.“既不也不”。 while“而、然而”，表对比；when“就在那时”，并列连词。 状语从句中从属连词：the moment/minute/as soon as/immediately/directly“一就”；where“地方”；because/as/since“由于”；so/such.that“如此以至于”；in case( of)“以防，以免”；though/although“即使”；as a result/consequence (of)“结果/由于”；what if“若是又怎样”。 therefore“因此”；besides“况且、而且”；but/except“除了”；anyway无论如何；however然而；whats more况且，而且。二、代词误用1人称代词的前后一致性 人称代词的前后一致性包括指代的一致性和单复数的一致性。 2人称代词的主格与宾格变化 主格人称代词在句中作主语，宾格人称代词多在句中作宾语。 3物主代词的数与格 物主代词的单复数应与所代替的名词一致。形容词性物主代词多在句中作定语，修饰名词；而名词性物主代词多在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。4反身代词的常考点 反身代词多用作介词或动词的宾语；此外，反身代词指代的一致性也是重要考点。 5一些常见不定代词、指示代词的用法 如one.the other表示两者的“一个另一个”；neither表示“两者都不”；either表示“两者中的一个”；none表示“三者或三者以上都不”；othersother可数名词的复数。以点带面，关注语篇1以逻辑关系为抓手，重点关注文意。有些考生不注重整体把握，不关注句与句之间的关系是失分的一个重要因素。 解决语篇类错误的关键在于弄清楚短文文脉发展，研究透句与句之间的内在逻辑关系。考生要从整体上把握作者的写作思路、谋篇布局和逻辑关系。 从整体着眼，关注句意和情节发展是解决连接词类和代词类问题的关键。2掌握常用代词与连接词的含义和用法。部分考生失分在于对某些代词或连接词的含义及用法把握不到位，平时应注意积累易混代词或连接词的区别。 例1、(2018全国)It was Monday morning，and the writing class had just begin.Everyone was silent，wait to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud.Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity；others were nervous and anxious.I had done myself homework，but I was shy.I was afraid that to speak in front of a larger group of people.At that moment，I remembered that my father once said，“The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from textbooks，and mistake as well.” Immediate，I raised my hand.答案：It was Monday morning，and the writing class had just .Everyone was silent， to see who would be called upon to read his her paragraph aloud.Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity；others were nervous and anxious.I had done homework，but I was shy.I was afraid that to speak in front of a group of people.At that moment，I remembered that my father once said，“The classroom is a place for learning and that learning from textbooks，and as well.” ，I raised my hand.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，描写了作者在写作课上的心理活动。作者虽然完成了作业，但还是害羞，不敢在很多人面前读文章。作者突然想起父亲曾经说过的话，受到了鼓舞，于是举起了手。3.解析：andor行文逻辑错误。his与 her之间为选择关系，而非并列关系，故用or。4.解析：eager后加to词法错误。(be) eager to do sth.渴望做某事，为固定搭配。5.解析：myselfmy/the词法错误。do ones/the homework 为固定搭配，意为“做家庭作业”。6.解析：去掉afraid后的that句法错误。be afraid to do sth.害怕做某事。7.解析：largerlarge词法错误。由语境可知，前后没有比较的意味，故用原级。8.解析：includeincludes句法错误。分析句子结构可知，that引导定语从句，修饰place，关系代词替代place在从句中作主语，从句谓语动词的数要与先行词保持一致。9.解析：mistakemistakes词法错误。句意：从书本和错误中学习。mistake是可数名词，此处所指的“错误”不止一个，应用复数形式。10.解析：ImmediateImmediately词法错误。放于句首，作句子状语，要用副词。【变式探究】 (2017全国) When I look at this picture of myself，I realize of how fast time flies.I had grown not only physically，and also mentally in the past few years.About one month after this photo was took，I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club.Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.I enjoyed studying difference kings of cars and planes，playing pop music，and collecting the late music albums.This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high sc