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完形填空模拟检测(七)说明文(共2篇，限时35分钟)ANew genetic analysis has revealed that many Amazon tree species are likely to survive humanmade climate warming in the coming century, contrary to previous findings that temperature increases would cause them to die out. A study, _1_ in the latest edition of Ecology and Evolution, reveals the _2_ age of some Amazonian tree species more than 8 million years and _3_ shows that they have survived previous periods as warm as many of the global warming imagined periods _4_ for the year 2100.The authors write that, having survived warm periods in the past, the trees will _5_ survive future warming, provided there are no other major environmental changes. _6_ extreme droughts and forest fires will impact Amazonia as temperatures _7_， the trees will stand the direct impact of higher temperatures. The authors _8_ that as well as reducing greenhouse gas emissions to minimize the risk of drought and fire, conservation policy should remain _9_ on preventing deforestation (采伐森林) for agriculture and mining.The study disagrees with other recent researches which predicted tree species extinctions _10_ relatively small increases in global average air temperatures.Study coauthor Dr Simon Lewis (UCL Geography) said the _11_ were good news for Amazon tree species, but warned that drought and overexploitation of the forest remained major _12_ to the Amazons future.Dr Lewis said, “The past cannot be compared directly with the future.While tree species seem likely to _13_ higher air temperatures than today, the Amazon forest is being transformed for agriculture and _14_， and what remains is being degraded (使恶化) by logging (伐木), and increasingly split up by fields and roads.“Species will not move as freely in todays Amazon as they did in previous warm periods, when there was no human _15_. Similarly, todays climate change is extremely fast, making comparisons with slower changes in the past _16_.“With a clearer _17_ of the relative risks to the Amazon forest, we _18_ that direct human impacts such as forest clearances for agriculture or mining should remain a key point of conservation policy. We also need more aggressive _19_ to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in order to make minimum the risk of drought and fire impacts and _20_ the future of most Amazon tree species.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了一项最新的研究，研究表明气候变暖不会使亚马孙古代树种灭绝。1A.advertisedBdescribedCpublished Dpresented解析：选C此处表示生物与进化的最新版发表的一项研究。故选C。2A.frightening BsurprisingCexciting Dinteresting解析：选B根据下文“more than 8 million years”可知，亚马孙一些树种的年龄是令人吃惊的(surprising)。3A.still BneverthelessChowever Dtherefore解析：选D这些古代树种有着超过800万年的树龄，因此(therefore)表明了它们可以幸存于和先前所有时期一样温暖的全球气候变暖的时期，预测为2100年。前后意义上为因果关系。4A.assess BconfirmCforecast Dpromise解析：选C根据下文“the year 2100”可知，将来时间只能是预测(forecast)。5A.particularly BprobablyCmerely Dpossibly解析：选B既然亚马孙的树种曾在高温气候中生存下来，所以将来也有可能(probably)在气温升高的气候中存活。6A.Since BAlthoughCWhen DIf解析：选B虽然随着温度的升高，严重的干旱及森林火灾将会影响亚马孙流域，但这些树木将会忍受更高温度的直接影响。故选B。7A.rise BchangeCdrop Dend解析：选A由本句末的“higher temperatures”可知此处应是温度升高。故选A。8A.consider BdecideCguarantee Drecommend解析：选D空后面是作者的建议，故选D。9A.based BbuiltCfocused Dmade解析：选C此处表示保护措施应当仍然集中于防止为了农业和矿业的发展而采伐森林。故选C。10A.in relation to Bin response toCin reply to Din reference to解析：选B这项研究与最近其他研究不同的是他们预测树种的灭绝是对相对小幅度的全球平均气温升高的反应。in response to“响应，回答，对做出反应”，故选B。in relation to“关于，涉及”；in reply to“答复”；in reference to“关于”。11A.findings BthoughtsCinventions Dwritings解析：选A根据上一段中的“The study”，再结合第一段第一句中的“previous findings”可知答案选A。12A.threats BdisadvantagesCembarrassments Dinstructions解析：选A此处是指干旱和过度采伐森林对于亚马孙的未来来说仍然是主要的威胁(threats)。故选A。13A.accept BtolerateCpermit Drequire解析：选B虽然树种好像能忍耐比现在更高的温度，但亚马孙森林正在向农业和矿业转变。根据上文第7空后的“stand the direct impact of higher temperatures”也可知，此处应用stand的同义词tolerate。故选B。14A.farming BplantingCcatering Dmining解析：选D由第二段最后一句中的“deforestation(采伐森林) for agriculture and mining”可知选D。15A.power BinfluenceCdesire Dviolence解析：选B此处指当这里没有人类影响的时候。故选B。16A.difficult BclearCeasy Dimportant解析：选A现在气候变化极快，使之与过去缓慢地变化比较起来很难。故选A。17A.belief BdirectionCunderstanding Dsuggestion解析：选C更清楚地理解了亚马孙森林所面对的危险，我们推断出(conclude)人类直接的影响，比如为了农、矿业而采伐森林，仍是保护政策的重点。18A.doubt BconcludeCcalculate Dprefer解析：选B参见上题解析。conclude“推断，做结论”。19A.thought BguidanceCprotection Daction解析：选D为了把干旱和火灾的风险降到最低并保护(secure)亚马孙树种的未来，我们也需要更多积极的行动来减少温室气体的排放。action“行动”。20A.secure BadvanceCsacrifice Devaluate解析：选A参见上题解析。secure“保护，使安全”。BFor many people today, reading is no longer relaxation.To keep up their work they must read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice communications, not to mention newspapers and magazines: a neverending flood of words.In _1_ a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and comprehend _2_ can mean the difference between success and failure.Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are _3_ readers.Most of us develop poor reading _4_ at an early age, and never get over them.The main deficiency _5_ in the actual stuff of language itself words.Taken individually, words have _6_ meaning until they are strung together into phrases, sentences and paragraphs._7_， however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words.He laboriously reads one word at a time, often regressing to _8_ words or passages.The tendency to look back over _9_ you have just read is a common bad habit in reading.Another habit which _10_ down the speed of reading is vocalization sounding each word either orally or mentally as _11_ reads.To overcome these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device called an _12_， which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined speed.The bar is set at a slightly faster rate _13_ the reader finds comfortable, in order to “stretch” him.The accelerator forces the reader to read fast, _14_ wordbyword reading, regression and subvocalization, practically impossible.At first _15_ is sacrificed for speed.But when you learn to read ideas and concepts, you will not only read faster, _16_ your comprehension will improve.Many people have found _17_ reading skill drastically improved after some training._18_ Charlce Au, a business manager, for instance, his reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute _19_ the training, now it is an excellent 1,378 words a minute.He is delighted that he can _20_ a lot more reading material in a short period of time.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。阅读本来是一项愉悦身心的活动，但是忙碌的工作使人们阅读时带有很强的目的性。本文就如何开展有效的快速阅读进行了简单的说明。1A.applyingBdoingCoffering Dgetting解析：选D此处说的是“谋得一份差事”。apply需加for，意思是“申请”；do“做”； offer“提供”。此三项均不符合题意，只有get(获得)适合。2A.quickly BeasilyCroughly Ddecidedly解析：选A句意为“快速阅读与理解的能力，是决定成败的关键所在”。只有quickly与原意吻合。easily“容易地”；roughly“粗略地”； decidedly“果断地”。3A.good BcuriousCpoor Durgent解析：选C英语中，阅读速度快的人称为good reader，反之，就是poor reader。根据上下文的内容，多数人都属于poor reader，因此选poor。4A.training BhabitsCsituations Dcustom解析：选B此处的意思是“大多数人在早期养成看书慢的习惯”。habit“习惯”；training“训练，培训”；situation“形势”；custom“风俗习惯”。5A.lies BcombinesCtouches Dinvolves解析：选A此处说的是“主要的困难在于语言的自身要素，即单词”。lie与in构成搭配，意为“在于”。combine“联合”；touch“接触”；involve“包括”。6A.some Ba lotClittle Ddull解析：选C这里的意思是“如果单个地看这些词，它们并没有什么意义”。little“很少”是否定词，合乎逻辑。some“一些，若干”；a lot“许多”；dull“单调的”。7A.Fortunately BIn factCLogically DUnfortunately解析：选D此句语境为“作者对未受过阅读训练的人的不良阅读习惯感到遗憾”。unfortunately“不幸地”，合乎语境。fortunately“幸运地”；in fact“事实上”；logically“合乎逻辑地”。8A.reuse BrereadCrewrite Drecite解析：选B此处语境为“未受过阅读训练的读者在阅读时经常重读(反复读)”。故选reread“重读”。reuse“再使用”；rewrite“改写”；recite“背诵”。9A.what BwhichCthat Dif解析：选A此处所填的词既是look back over的宾语，又是you have just read的宾语，只有what能充当这种双重成分。10A.scales BcutsCslows Dmeasures解析：选Cscale down“按比例减少”；cut down“削减”；这两项不符合题意。 measure不能与down搭配。slow down“放慢”，符合语境。11A.some one BoneChe Dreader解析：选B此处用one，表泛指。 12A.accelerator BactorCamplifier Dobserver解析：选A语境为“训练快速阅读所使用的工具必然与提高阅读速度有关”，因此选accelerator“快读器”。第14空前“The accelerator”亦是提示。actor“演员”；amplifier“放大器”；observer“观察者”。13A.then BasCbeyond Dthan解析：选D前面的faster决定了选than，构成比较级。14A.enabling BleadingCmaking Dindicating解析：选C此句意为“快速阅读器迫使你加快阅读速度，使你再也不能逐字阅读，回顾前文内容或者默读”。make“使，使得”，符合语境。enable相当于make possible；lead“引导”；indicate“指出，表明”。15A.meaning BcomprehensionCgist Dregression解析：选B这里的意思是“速读最初会影响理解”，所以选comprehension“理解”。第16空后“your comprehension”亦是提示。meaning“意义，意思”，指词汇或短语表示的意义；gist“大意，要旨”；regression“回归”。16A.but BnorCor Dfor解析：选A与前半句中的not only相呼应，构成句式not only . but (also).“不仅而且”，故选but。17A.our ByourCtheir Dsuch解析：选C本句中的主语是第三人称复数Many people，故此处应用物主代词their。18A.Look at BTakeCMake DConsider解析：选Btake与后面的for instance构成短语，意为“以为例”，其他三项不能构成搭配。 19A.for BinCafter Dbefore解析：选D这里指受训练之前与受训练之后的比较，因此选before。20A.refer to Bgo overCset about Dget through解析：选D此处语境为“在短时间内，读完更多的材料”。refer to“参考”；go over“复习”；set about“着手做”。只有get through“读完”最恰当。8
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